“白希”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了6篇05－06托福年考试安排，这次小编给大家整理后的05－06托福年考试安排，供大家阅读参考。
篇1：05－06托福年考试安排
05－06托福年考试安排
根据教育部考试中心的通知，鉴于托福(TOEFL)机考在中国的推迟,7托福(TOEFL)考试以取消，纸笔考试将延长至5月。-20最新考试时间安排如下。
208月20日、2005年10月15日、2005年11月19日、年1月14日、2006年5月13日
篇2：普通话考试时间安排
一月普通话水平测试预测时间
二月无考试安排预测时间
因二月份有春节假期，省语委不组织普通话水平测试。
三月普通话水平测试预测时间
四月普通话水平测试预测时间
普通话水平测试时间安排：4月9日、4月10日、4月23日、4月24日。
五月普通话水平测试预测时间
六月普通话水平测试预测时间
七月普通话水平测试预测时间
测试安排：7月2日、7月3日、7月9日、7月10日。
八月无考试安排预测时间
因八月份有暑假假期，省语委不组织普通话水平测试。
九月普通话水平测试预测时间
测试时间安排：9月3日、9月4日、9月24日、9月25日。
十月普通话水平测试预测时间
测试时间安排：10月15日、10月16日、10月29日、10月30日。
十一月普通话水平测试预测时间
测试时间安排：11月5日、11月6日、11月26日、11月27日。
十二月普通话水平测试预测时间
测试时间安排：12月3日、12月4日、12月24日、12月25日。
拓展阅读：普通话考试内容及注意事项
一、考试必带证件：身份证、准考证缺一不可
二、考试流程:
1、【试音】
进入考场按照备考室的座位号就坐，戴上耳机，把话筒放嘴左边，然后输入准考证号，确认你的信息后，按照电脑上的提示音，开始试音。读上面出现的你的名字以及学号。注意：当试音不通过时，要重新试音，知道通过为止。
2、【字】
第一题就是读一百个字，限时三分钟，读的时候一定要把发音读准确，尽量不要更正。语速适中，不要担心时间不够。注意：尽量不要读错或者更正
3、【词】
第二题就是读一百个词，同第一题一样，尽量发准音，不要重复。注意：儿化音是个难点，限时三分钟
4、【短文】
第三题是读一篇文章，尽量有感情的朗读，语速适中，咬字清楚。限时三分钟。注意：千万中间注意标点符号的停顿。
5、【说话】
最后一题是最重要的，是给你两个题目，自己选择其一，围绕这个话题说话，要求语句流畅，咬字清楚。注意：一定要说满三分钟。
6、【时间】
在前三道题时，读完自己按下道题的按钮，不要等着时间自己到，第四道题一定要说满三分钟，切记!
三、评分标准
1、读单音节字词100个，限时3分钟，占10分。目的考查应试人普通话声母、韵母和声调的发音。
2、读双音节词语50个，限时3分钟，占20分 。目的是出考查应试人声、韵、调的发音外 ，还要考查上声变调、儿化韵和轻声的读音。
3、400字短文朗读，限时4分钟，占30分。目的是考查应试人使用普通话朗读书面材料的能力，重点考查语音、语流音变、语调等。
4、说话，时间不少于3分钟，占30分。目的是考查应试人在无文字凭借的情况下说普通话所达到的规范程度。
四、等级划分
一级甲等分数线上:96.9
一级乙等分数线下:91.9
二级甲等分数线下:86.8
二级乙等分数线下:79.8
三级甲等分数线下:69.7
三级乙等分数线下:59.7
五、注意事项
1、普通话采用机试形式考试。
2、普通话证书为终身有效、全国通用。
3、申请教师证时普通话要求最低为二乙，语文科目要求最低二甲等级。
篇3：4级考试时间安排
英语四级，是一个全国性教学考试，想考的学生需要一个充分的计划和时间安排。那么18年4级考试的时间怎么安排呢?
18年上半年大学英语四级考试时间预计6月17日，考前四级考生们应该熟悉英语四级考试题型及考试时间分配，合理准确把握做题时间，避免做不完题而失分。
英语四级考试流程
8:50---9:00试音时间
9:00---9:10播放考场指令，发放作文考卷9:10取下耳机，开始作文考试
9:35发放含有快速阅读的试题册(9:40才允许开始做)
9:40---9:55做快速阅读
9:55---10:00收答题卡一(即作文和快速阅读)
9:55---10:00重新戴上耳机，试音寻台，准备听力考试
10:00开始听力考试，电台开始放音
听力结束后完成剩余考项。
11:20全部考试结束。
如何准备四级考试和技巧
首先，是要科学地背单词
建议用词句结合的方法。往往在四级考试之前，许多同学会日日夜夜捧着一本词汇手册猛背，争取要在最短的时间中记住更多的单词。其实这是一个误区。背单词增大词汇量是件好事，但单纯得记单词就不可取了。俗话说，词不离句。意思就是说要把单词放到句子中去理解、去分析。一个单词特别是动词只有在句子中才能显示其正确的用法，而只有懂得明白了一个单词的真正用法才算对其有了掌握。所以与其日日夜夜记一些很生僻的单词，不如多记一些常用的词组及句型。在词组和句子中对单词各个击破。另外记单词还要有联系地去记，而不能孤立地去记。比如，记一个单词要同时联想到它的同义词，近义词和反义词，每每记一个单词时都将这一系列与其有关的单词在脑海中过一遍，这样词汇量就会像滚雪球那样越来越大，且不容易前记后忘。
其次，是要在规定的时间段里进行有效地阅读
例如，不断提高阅读的速度、技巧和效率，熟练掌握阅读科学的方法。众所周知，阅读是四级考试中所占比例最大的一部分，那么我们该怎样将其把握好呢?这就需要我们平时进行广泛地阅读，坚持阅读，在不断的阅读过程中掌握一定的方法。阅读的内容可广泛地涉及到时事，科技，文化，风土人情等。具体阅读的方法在很多相关的辅导书上都有介绍，在此不再赘述。总之，英语阅读很重要，广大同学要予以足够的重视。
最后，是英语作文背诵范文
英语作文也是四级考试中很重要的一部分，是体现一个人英语水平最直接的体现，而要提高这一部分的分值唯一的方法就是多写多练笔。多背诵一些往年真题的范文，学习其他优秀学生的写作方法与写作意识。然后，老师建议广大同学可以在最后的复习阶段做到每天写一篇，写作的内容可以是近期的热门话题。在写作的过程中发现不足，不断改进。
总之，掌握科学的学习方法才是应对英语四级考试最好的手段和最有成效的路径。然后，调整好自己考试的心态，以平常心对待。英语四级也是大家经历的众多考试中的一个，过于紧张也是影响考试成绩的一个重要的因素。
篇4：托福口语时间如何安排
备考攻略：托福口语时间如何安排?
一. 托福口语答题时间安排
正式开始口语考试的话，托福口语考题的准备时间适宜在15秒到30秒之间，答题时间则在45秒到60秒之间。准备时间非常短,大概分为以下几部分：
托福口语独立任务题(task1-2题)：准备15秒，答题时间45秒;
托福口语综合任务题(task3-4题)：准备30秒，答题60秒;
托福口语综合任务题(task5-6题)：准备30秒，答题60秒。
二.托福口语答题技巧
1.休息时间如何利用
托福口语准备第一步：托福口语开考前，听力考试结束后，考场监考老师会强制考生休息10分钟后再继续答题。这10分钟时间内，考生可以充分利用，做以下托福口语准备工作：
a.考生应该快速的把我们课堂上总结的分别针对六道口语题的魔板抄写在草稿纸上。
b.听一听其他考生说什么，把有用的信息抄写在魔板的框架内。因为先进场的考生先考试，所以当后进场的考生在休息的时候，排队排在前面的考生已经在大声的回答口语题了。
c.十分钟的休息时间满了之后，必须举手让监考人员输入登陆码再次登陆。所以没有太听清楚地同学完全可以多听几分钟再答题。
2.构思时间如何利用
a.托福独立口语准备时间15秒，15秒的准备时间到底该做什么?托福口语独立任务题拿到题目后用15秒着手想自己的答案框架和答题句，去润色具体的开头句。在心理简要回答过一遍，这样会大大舒缓临场的表达压力。
b.第三四题的准备时间是30秒，要注意梳理信息的主次和先后关系，记录好关键词，然后进行扩充以及paraphrase。答题过程中，一定要心中有框架，claim、reason、evidentce大概要占重的比例要在日常练习中固定下来，方便自己在考场上增删自己的答题内容。
c.第五六题的准备时间是20秒，具体的内容请参见第三四题的方法。大家一定要提前了解托福口语考试流程及主要的话题类型。包括托福口语考试时间、托福口语第三题怎么做、托福口语第四题类型、托福口语第六题技巧等等问题要做到心中有数。
托福口语话题素材整理：Person
1. Parents
My mother is the person whom I admire most due to her so many good personalities like talented, tolerant and most of all, her spirit of dedication. First of all, she is such a talented person who not only has great achievements in her work, but also can cook delicious food for my dad and me. Furthermore, since she is well-educated, she can tolerate different opinions from varied people. And the most beautiful thing about her is that she has a beautiful mind. Thrifty as she is in the daily life, she saves the money and donates all of them to the people who may need them. The ways she does and thinks make me want to be the person like she is. That is why I think my mother is the person I admire most.
2. Teacher (万能人物;可替换的角色有：parent, leader, friend, ideal spouse, celebrity)
A good teacher should have the following personalities. First of all, a good teacher makes herself available to all students and she knows which students need extra assistance.
Furthermore, a good teacher is an effective communicator, who knows when she needs to change her communicating techniques to be sure students can grasp instructional
concepts. What is more, she would show her great ability when her students are making mistakes, she would let them know why they are wrong and how they are going to do to correct them, rather than simply punish them. For most students, a good teacher is also a helper who can lift them to new heights. Just like an old saying goes, “ GIVE ME A FISH AND I EAT FOR A DAY, TEACH ME TO FISH AND I EAT FOR A LIFE TIME”. This must be a philosophy of every good teacher.
3. Friends
A good friend should have the following personalities like trustworthy, helpful and
positive. First of all, a trustworthy person is someone whom I can rely on especially when I am in difficulty; he/she will be just a phone-call away to get me out of trouble. Secondly, he/she must be someone who can give me some suggestions when I lose my heart. I clearly remember last time I had a bad experience on my job, I was so sad during those period of time and my friend Nana just sat besides me and was such a good listener to support me and inspired me by saying that I deserved a second chance and never pushing myself too hard would be a better choice. After the nice conversation, I happened to realize I overcame those dark days with the encouragement she had given to me. Last, a good friend is someone who is positive. Though we always say “prepare for the worst and hope for the best”, we seldom do it when we face up with the worse situation. At this time, a positive friend has this power to make us believe that it is absolutely right to obey the rule.
In the end, I would like to quote a famous saying by Aristotle to end up my response. “What is a friend? A single soul in two bodies.”
4. Leader
A good leader should have these criteria:
1. Have a vision.
Effective leaders and their organizations have an agenda. A vision. A vision is a direction—an attractive and attainable picture of the future. As a leader, if you don't know where you are going, you are irrelevant to your followers. With a vision you can inspire and lift individuals and groups to new heights—an important function of any leader.
2. Seize opportunity.
Look for experiences that are new and different. Develop relationships with people who are different from the people you ordinarily have relationships with, especially those that come from different backgrounds and age groups.
3. Communication is key.
Be accessible to everyone in the organization. Companies need to realize that the old model of the leaders sitting on top of the pyramid and the managers executing orders does not work in today’s environment. The person at the top cannot be the only leader. There have to be various people within the company acting in this role. There are many companies stuck in a rut where the managers are waiting to be told what to do. That doesn’t work.
4. Be proactive.
Promote continuous exploration of yourself and other leaders within the organization. Be accountable for what you do. If there is an issue in the company, don’t say you didn’t know anything about it. Look at the organization and constantly ask what can be improved.
托福口语话题素材整理：Event
1. Reading books
When I have time, I read books. My favorite book is the Old Man and the Sea which is written by Ernest Hemingway, one of the greatest American writers. The book told us a story about an old man called Diego who did fishing in Cuba. Though he came across lots of difficulties on the sea and came back without a single fish, he was optimistic and still held the hope. (Diego) is like a mirror which reflects what (Hemingway) wanted to tell all of us: Never give up and the final success will come right after the last try. I’ve stuck on that wisdom all the time ever since I read this book for that story makes me believe there is no stronger thing ever than a strong human belief.
2. Listening to the music
My favorite music is___, which is sung by___.
The reasons why I love that song are based on the following aspects. First of all, it relaxes my mind.
Second, I always have a greater efficiency after listening to music.
Third, by listening to the music, I can learn something about the rhythm, which teaches me how to balance complicated situation.
Last, enjoying all kinds of music, like rock n roll, punk or classic, I come to visit different world and learn how to appreciate arts.
Music is a worldwide language without any translation, by listening to the music; we can share our emotions with different people around the world.
3. Sports: 理由(雷同音乐)
1. It relaxes my mind.
2. I have a greater efficiency on study after the outdoor activities.
3. Outdoor activities offer me not only more fresh air but also the chance to
embrace the nature.
4. I also meet some new friends when I am doing some activities, like playing
basketball.
4. Spring Festival:
In my country, the most impressive/memorable/popular/favorite/social celebration is Spring Festival, which is also called Chinese Lunar New Year.
On Spring Festival Eve, we Chinese people usually do a thorough cleaning for their houses to clean up all the ill-fortunes may have been in the family and make the way for the incoming good luck. In the evening, family members get together coming back from everywhere, make Jiaozi, dumplings boiled in the water, sit around the table, toast to each other, wish everybody good luck and health. After the feast, usually in the midnight, children will gather around to play fireworks to light up the sky. During the whole night, we usually stay up and make every light in our house on. The next morning, people will greet their relatives and friends usually face to face. When you eat rice glue ball, called yuanxiao in China, it means you come to the end of this great new year celebration.
Spring Festival means the whole world to Chinese people and we all consider it a chance for our family members reunion and gather best wishes for the coming year together.
5. My most embarrassing moment:
The most embarrassing thing that has ever happened to me in school was when I was walking along the sidewalk back to school from getting some lunch. My eye caught a beautiful car and I lost sight of where I was going. Next thing I knew, BANG, I walked straight into a pole, hitting my whole head on it. I fell on the ground and my friends just laughed. Even though it was very embarrassing, it made our day 'cause we will never forget it. The days go by; I will still laugh as long as I remember it. But I don’t care about it anymore, sometimes, the embarrassing thing just puts smile on other people’s faces.
6. The most difficult moment:
The most difficult moment that I’ve ever had was when I prepared for the IBT. It became so hard for me since I’d never had a chance to talk in English for quite a long time. I could barely open my mouth; let alone, how to cover the whole test within the time limitation. I was rather upset and almost lost my heart. My friend Tom/Mary saw me one day and he/she inspired me by saying that if I couldn’t overcome that task, how could I survive in the States and make my dream come true. All of a sudden, I realized how small this task would be in the whole process of making my dream come true. And he/she suggested that I should make a well-organized plan to divide my goal into several little parts, which are attractive and attainable. And just like that, for the first time, I thought it was not that hard and I gradually had a faith in conquering this. Day by day, the more I practiced, the more confidence I gained.
7. Ambition:
I have always had a burning ambition to be a psychotherapist. I want to help people solve their emotional problems, recover from mental illnesses, and regain their self-confidence. An increasing number of people, under so much pressure at work, have been deeply depressed in recent years. Therefore, the role of a psychotherapist in keeping our society strong and healthy is getting more and more important. Being a highly self-motivated person, I feel confident about my ability to make my dream come true. As the well-known saying goes, “Where there's a will, there's a way.” I believe that I will become an outstanding psychotherapist some day.
8. Chances for the Volunteer for Olympics Or Shanghai Expo:
IF I’d ever had a chance to do something that I wish for, I would like to be a volunteer for Olympics held in China in 2008. First of all, it is a great honor to be part of this opportunity coming once or never. I can put my English fully into use. Being an interpreter, I can not only provide our foreign people the convenience in life but also let them know more about China. I am not saying that I want to wipe out some cultural barriers with
篇5：托福口语时间如何安排
备考攻略：托福口语时间如何安排?
一. 托福口语答题时间安排
正式开始口语考试的话，托福口语考题的准备时间适宜在15秒到30秒之间，答题时间则在45秒到60秒之间。准备时间非常短,大概分为以下几部分：
托福口语独立任务题(task1-2题)：准备15秒，答题时间45秒;
托福口语综合任务题(task3-4题)：准备30秒，答题60秒;
托福口语综合任务题(task5-6题)：准备30秒，答题60秒。
二.托福口语答题技巧
1.休息时间如何利用
托福口语准备第一步：托福口语开考前，听力考试结束后，考场监考老师会强制考生休息10分钟后再继续答题。这10分钟时间内，考生可以充分利用，做以下托福口语准备工作：
a.考生应该快速的把我们课堂上总结的分别针对六道口语题的魔板抄写在草稿纸上。
b.听一听其他考生说什么，把有用的信息抄写在魔板的框架内。因为先进场的考生先考试，所以当后进场的考生在休息的时候，排队排在前面的考生已经在大声的回答口语题了。
c.十分钟的休息时间满了之后，必须举手让监考人员输入登陆码再次登陆。所以没有太听清楚地同学完全可以多听几分钟再答题。
2.构思时间如何利用
a.托福独立口语准备时间15秒，15秒的准备时间到底该做什么?托福口语独立任务题拿到题目后用15秒着手想自己的答案框架和答题句，去润色具体的开头句。在心理简要回答过一遍，这样会大大舒缓临场的表达压力。
b.第三四题的准备时间是30秒，要注意梳理信息的主次和先后关系，记录好关键词，然后进行扩充以及paraphrase。答题过程中，一定要心中有框架，claim、reason、evidentce大概要占重的比例要在日常练习中固定下来，方便自己在考场上增删自己的答题内容。
c.第五六题的准备时间是20秒，具体的内容请参见第三四题的方法。大家一定要提前了解托福口语考试流程及主要的话题类型。包括托福口语考试时间、托福口语第三题怎么做、托福口语第四题类型、托福口语第六题技巧等等问题要做到心中有数。
托福口语备考妙招分享
第一招：多做真题和模拟题。
要想回答问题深入透彻，首先要摸透新托福出题人的思路，弄明白人家想让你回答什么。这需要大量的做真题和模拟题，从规律中掌握题路。这点是用于各个部分的考试的真理，不用多言。
第二招：多用简单句，少用长句。
美国人说话最讲究简洁明快，而且通常只求达意并不注重语法。更加注重语言的人性化，所以，在做口语题的时候学生应该学会多用名词动词，少用形容词副词，多用简单句短句，少用复合句长句。这样不仅可以满足“表达清晰易懂”的评分条件，同时还能满足“语法准确”的要求，可谓一石二鸟之计。当然，中间适当点缀一两句烂熟于胸的经典俚语，效果自然事半功倍。
第三招：倒金字塔结构
因为时间短，任务重，而且要满足“组织严密结构完整”的要求，那么一个比较不错的办法就是效法新闻的经典写法“倒金字塔结构”。
1、正视问题，直接回答答案。
2、紧紧围绕核心答案再有一部分解释分析。
3、讲一些相对而言比较外延的东西。这样一来，即使时间不够的情况下，少说一部分并不影响答案的整体性，并且重点突出，条理清晰。但是，最后一定要记得在结尾处重新点题，这样首尾呼应的结构会使主题非常突出。
第四招：经典五要素法。
所谓经典五要素，是WHO WHAT WHY WHERE HOW。“谁，在什么时间什么地点做了什么事情，理由是什么?”在做第3、第4题的时候，由于增加了课堂对话和场景演讲，要在做笔记的时候将这些要素点记下来，然后在答题的时候将这些要素组织起来，就是一段逻辑性强、主题明确、结构完整的口语答案了。ETS对于口语表达的谋篇结构不会苛刻的要求，只要条理清晰，逻辑完整就会得到不错的分数。
第五招：多做录音对比练习。
ETS的新托福考试是基于美式英语基础上的，而且口语的评分老师也是美国人，所以如果能熟练掌握“美音”在口语这种主观题考试里是会有便宜可占的。最好的办法就是：精听和跟读。
在精听的过程中，要学会找出“听力词汇”，就是外国人常连读的那些词和常用的一些连词，将它们烂熟于胸，据为己有。然后进行跟读训练，将自己的声音录下来与原声对比，然后再反复纠正、模仿，直至以假乱真。这样你的托福口语才会给评分老师留下自然、地道的印象。
第六招：放慢语速，音量适中。
在托福口语考试中，中等偏慢的语速是保证停顿次数减少的一个办法，放慢的语速可以让你边说边想。如果一旦出现思想断流，这时候在精听过程中已被你据为己有的常用连词就会出来填补空间，使整个答案保持流畅。
第七招：词汇。
词汇不讲究量，2500左右足亦，不讲究难度，常用词足亦，关键是熟练掌握和运用一些小的转折连词、动词和美国口语的惯用方法，这能让整个口语听起来感觉精彩。比如，描述一个人聪明的时候，如果你用的是smart而不是clever，会给人眼前一亮的感觉，会感受到你的托福口语是流淌出来的，而不是挤出来的。
托福口语要合理分配考试时间
口语考试时间掌握不了，如何在规定的时间内将话题说清楚。
它们分别是情景题和学术题。最后的5、6道以听力材料为基础，要求考生回答相关问题。首先，考生掌控时间能力的强弱对这个部分成绩的高低有着直接影响。前两道题的准备时间为15秒，回答时间是45秒;3、4题的准备时间是30秒，回答时间则是60秒;最后两道题目的准备时间是20秒，回答时间为60 秒。大部分考生都反映口语部分的准备时间利用效率低、做答仓促。新托福口语考试时间比较紧张，考生要适度把握：
如第1、2中的题目属于日常话题，这两道题本身难度比较小，所以特别需要注意的就是时间的分配问题，在这45秒钟里，一般用5～6秒完成topic sentence, 接下来的40秒应以每一个detail或者example不超过3～4句话的规律完成该话题，也就是说大致20秒完成一个detail或example的表述。如果考生能在考前进行充分的准备，锻炼自己的口语思维，积累常用的details或examples，考试时就会从容许多。
托福口语时间如何安排
篇6：托福写作结构如何安排
托福写作结构如何安排
首先由明线入手的思路可以不太讲究结构，这点的评论请看后文;然而由暗线着手的议论却必须注意结构，因为暗线采用的是和题目本身关系不大的视角，写得好是一气呵成发人深省，写得不慎重就会失之毫厘，谬之千里，走题走到天边去。
接上文，仍以题目做示范。笔者第二次拟提纲，以理暗渡，就不能像第一次一样只写论点，而得把首段，论点，甚至每段在整篇文章中的作用也一并写出，才能避免下笔时走题。
首段：民以食为天，食物在人类生活中的重要性不可言喻，就连食物的准备方式也可能极大影响人类文化，进而影响个人生活质量(引入社会心理学，设置暗线，为全文奠定基调)以现代生活实况分析，食品速食化导致人类生活质量下降的趋向比较明显。
第一论证段：(身体健康层面)饮食文化改变，传统有益健康而消耗时间的料理方式被摈弃，垃圾食品大行其市，天人合一，顺应生理规律的文化被断绝。(注：这里因为不是从营养，而是从生物规律论述对身体的影响，所以前文所论的paradox此处可不考虑)
第二论证段：从速食流行原因论证人类行为文化改变， 高节奏的高压生活必然促使身体早衰(身体与心理健康两个层面综合)
第三论证段：(心理健康层面)行为高速化也会导致对情感的无法顾及甚至冷漠，人类情感文化变化，并且朝不利方向。
结尾(这在提纲里其实可有可无，提纲毕竟只是具体化的思路，并不是成文。依照文章具体的论证手法，内容，结尾可以个有千秋，只要把握住一条，符合全文主旨，就可以了，提纲里就算写了，很多时候也是无用功)
用题目分析到这里，文章连雏形都已经出来了，可是究竟什么是结构呢?
回到“文章是被记录下来的表达”这个原则。结构既然是写作的必须注意事项，就必然帮助表达。对于一篇议论，作者必须大量旁征博引才能令人信服得表述自己的观点，这其中牵扯着概念的重要性顺序-----用来证明全文立场的概念是论点，是最重要的概念;用来证明论点的概念是佐证，是次等重要的概念。
所谓结构，最基本的用途是将文章所有用入的概念分段，一个论点与它的所有佐证为一段，不能佐证证明的是第二论点，却在第一论点的段落。-------这就是所谓的unity.
结构的第二用途仍然是帮助表达，从逻辑思路方面。好的议论能抓住人心，令人信服，首先必须让人能看懂作者的思路，让你说明在学习场所安装电视有无弊端，你却一会说电视节目的差异，一会说学生的素质如何，读者不知所云，自然不会被你说服。每个段落和论题的联系。作者本人知道并没有用，必须表现出来。说完节目差异加一句“不同节目对学生的利弊不同，不可一概而论”，讲过学生素质补充“素质差的学生群体使学习场所吵杂，安不安电视影响都不大”，将论点间，论点和论题间紧密结合起来，保证文章思路流畅，明白易懂，就是结构中过渡句的功效，使得行文达到ETS要求的progression和coherence。
具体把结构落实在IBT独立作文上，就是两点。
1.会分段。要清楚自己的行文思路，知道自己有几个论点。首段表明论点，废话不要讲。论证一段一个论点，不可以交叉。一个论段里要有论点句，其它所有句子都为论证这个点，废话不要讲。尾段总结论点共性，映证首段观点，废话不要讲……
2.会过渡。要记住必须过渡。要明白你为什么过渡-----如果这个过渡不证明论点和论题间的关系，而证明论点间的关系，要确定这个新论点也能证明论题。你的过渡不是为自己的文章过渡，而是帮读者的思维过渡，引领他们走进新的思维，所以必须确认过渡的方向，你是否正带着你的读者而离开你的论题。
从这两点观测，笔者在前文提到的明线(支持论题)贯穿的思路在拟提纲时不需要注意结构，就好解释了。因为明线的论点注定不会跑题，不用太在意过渡问题，只要分段恰当就可以了，而这点，下笔时留神就足够了。
托福独立写作的常见问题与应对技巧
托福独立写作题目相对而言比较多，经典文库中共计185个，但是每年ETS也会研发出新题，即使是在老题的基础做些许的改动，母题的数量也使得“将所有题目写一遍”这一任务变成mission impossible，而且即使做到了，也是一件投资回报率极低的行为，就算考试的时候出现了原题，估计也不可能回忆所有之前写的细节内容。所以针对独立写作部分的备考我们要更多的总结规律，通过总结来节省备考时间。TOEFL独立写作常见FAQ整理如下：
三选一题型如何处理
很多同学不知道三选一的文章结构应该如何处理。这里其实三选一并不复杂，只需要熟记两个注意点就可以轻松应付：一是三者都要提及;二是并没有唯一的正确结构，结构应该根据题目灵活的选择。我们来看一道例题。
Essay Topic
Which one isthe most important for teacher of high school?
1. The ability to help students plan for their future;
2. The ability to find the students who need help most and help them;
3. Teach students how to learn outside the classroom.
就这道题来讲，题型基本结构的选择有两种：三项能力都重要，但是第一项最重要;或者，第一项是重要的，而第二项和第三项是不重要的。其他的文章结构都是这两种的变体。我们拿第二种结构举例：
总论点：规划未来能力最重要(vs. 发现需要帮助的同学 &教会自学)
主体段1：学生最需要规划，而只有老师有能力提供
主体段2：发现需要帮助的能力不重要，因为学生自己会来找
主体段3：课外自学不重要，高中生没有课外时间
The ability to help student with planning their future is definitely the most important capability for high school teachers.
To begin with, high school students are in desperate need for guidance about their future, and teachers are the only competent candidate to provide it. I know this from my personal experience. When I was in high school, a great portion of my classmates’ only goal is to reach for the minimum requirement for graduation, and to be able to get an offer from a middle-ranged college in the US, as all 15-year-old boys are profoundly addicted to either computer games or love affairs. Because of our immature mind, we had no idea regarding the choice of universities, or the selection of a future career path. What made matters worse is that our high school teachers provided us with virtually zero guidance concerning our college applications, not because they lack of the intention, but simply because they know nothing about it. Consequently, the vast majority of our parents had to hire an outside agency that specializes in the college application process which costs tons of money. Later we realized that this is an utter mistake, for what they did was simply giving us the timeline of the application process, translating our personal statements and recommendation letters from Chinese into English, and finally mailing out all our materials to the US. All of these simple tasks could be performed by ourselves, and these misfortunes surely could have been avoided if we had the luck to meet more competent teachers, with the ability to warn students and their parents about the black-hearted agencies and lay out lucid plans for students’ future.
The capability to find the students who need assistance most and help them, on the other hand, is not that imperative. The reason for this is quite simple, since high school students would come to teachers voluntarily if they are in serious trouble. In other words, many times students don’t want to be bothered by a teacher who treats them like a baby-sitter. As for the “help” part, I firmly hold the faith that all teachers are already equipped with the willingness to solve student’s problem gladly, using their prehistoric powers, no matter how difficult the situation can be. So the willingness to help students should be the minimum standard to be qualified as a teacher.
Similarly, the skill to teach students how to learn outside the classroom is completely unnecessary. For one, most high school students have no time outside their classrooms at all, as all their spare time is already occupied by cram school or by extracurricular activities. Even in the rare circumstance that some students may have free time, parents could always play the part of their instructor on how to self-study.
本篇文章在结构的处理上，做到了清晰、简单。第一个主体段在证明第一项能力是非常必要的。第二、三主体段在分别证明第二、三项能力是不重要的。整个段落结构很明确。这样会更容易获得高分。大家要注意避免结构过于复杂和混乱。
如何丰富整篇文章的结构?
先说答案：另外一个大家经常会有疑惑的问题就是：我的三个主体段全部都是讲故事，好像手法太单一了，会不会被扣分?如何丰富?答案是：有可能;以及，偶尔的使用纯解释型段落。众所周知，TOEFL写作中展开手法有两种，exemplification和explanation。例证显然是二者中更简单的一个。因此，大部分同学都更倾向于使用例证。因为它更容易快速上手，并且大家可以通过举例来展开具体化的细节，从而获得高分。但注意，如果三个主体段全部是讲故事展开，未免会有语言太差的嫌疑。因此，除了例证，我们文章中最好可以稍微涉及到一些说理部分。
举例和说理分别的优势?
大家现在可以重新观察一下范文三个主体段的展开手法。三个主体段一共444字。其中第一段259字，第二段116字，第三段69字。第一段的展开手法为例证(讲故事)，第二、三段均为解释。大家明显感受到例证的优势即为能够更轻松的展开出有效并具体化的细节，或俗称“好凑字”。解释的好处为语言简练，表达效率高，文章的递进性、节奏会更紧凑。
举例和说理分别的劣势?
例证在TOEFL写作中并无太明显的劣势。解释的劣势就比较明显了。同样的一个分论点，有的同学用例证可以很轻松写到200字，而解释只能说到100字。有的同学可能有个刻板印象：讲故事的语言通常比较简单，句式单一，因此不容易得高分。注意，讲故事语言和句式也是可以复杂的;或者大家可以选择简单但地道的表达，可同样可以获得满分。
答题战略、以及举例和说理的优劣小结
因此我们以后考场上的答题战略很简单。第一段为例证段落。目的为使劲凑字，尽量直接写满200字。第二、三段可以选择简短的小故事或者解释性段落，分别写到60～100字左右。这样主体段已经达到至少320字，再加上开头结尾段，可以轻松满足350字的字数要求。
如何练好说理?
说理对语言和句式的要求要明显高于例证。因此一定要有扎实的基本功的支持才能够写出漂亮的说理段落。关于句式的练法，可以参考强化班上的句型基本构成以及句型转化练习。
如何练好例证?
例证的套路大家都很熟悉。很多同学的问题出在没思路上。比如，一道题目问说：我们的闲钱应该拿去旅游好，还是存到银行好?有同学说，存起来更好，因为可以未雨绸缪。这是一个很好的分论点，那么如何以例证的方式来展开呢?有同学说可以使用反证法：我有一个朋友Foosen，他就不存钱，后来他就死的很惨。用此例来强调存钱的必要性。大部分同学都能够想到这一步，问题会处在如何用故事来展开死的很惨，以及什么事情导致Foosen死的很惨。我们来看一篇来自万炜老师的范文：
To begin with, as a young man living in a big city, I need to start saving up from now on, because there are a lot of things in the future costing tons of money. Take my good friend Foosen for example. He is an optimistic guy who prefers to seize the day. He can spend all his salary within just two days either on luxuries or on trips. Before he was even 22, he already went around the whole Africa. Unfortunately, not everything goes according to plan. Last year during his trip to South Africa, he accidentally broke his leg and had to go through surgery. However, since he could not cover the expense, he had to call everybody to borrow money. It took so long for him to collect the money that the surgery was delayed. As a result, the recovery period for him was 2 months longer than everyone else’s. Now, this example might be a particular instance, and it is out of his expectation. Nonetheless, in today’ssociety, even the potential spending within our expectation is already quite worrying. For instance, in Beijing, if I wish to purchase a 30-squaremeter apartment, it would cost me over 3 million yuan; if I want to invite, say, 20 friends to my wedding, I would have to pay over 200,000 yuan; not to mention if I have a child and want to support his education, it would cost at least 50,000 yuan per year just for him to go to kindergarten. It aches mejust to look at these horrifying numbers. If I don’t save up for my future, there would be no future. (275 words)
故事描述了主人公Foosen，由于是乐天派并且坚持活在当下，进而展开月光、全世界各地旅游;到之后有一次意外摔断腿，需要做手术，但没有存钱，从而导致恢复期比普通人长了两个月。大部分的同学就是这些故事的“细节”想不到，或者没思路。如何解决?很简单，就是多看。因为讲故事并没有一个明显的模式或公式可以使用。According to a Personalized Education: Schooling for Tomorrow published by OECD in 2006, “Brains have the ability to generate rulesfrom examples. All that is needed, therefore, are the right examples – lotsand lots of them.”其实就是我们中学老师总的说的那句话，“量的积累产生质的飞跃。”大家想练好例证，只需要找到优秀的讲故事型范文，仿写10篇左右，自然会掌握规律。关于仿写的方法，大家可以关注我的公众号”Foosen资料库”进一步了解。
托福写作范文：中学生应该在上大学前花时间工作旅行吗
Students should spend at least one year working or travelling before they go to the university.
【题目大意】： 中学生是否应该在上大学之前拿出至少一年去工作或旅行。主观点可以同意，因为一让学生放松，二可以让学生学到新的技能。
题目：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Students should take at least a year to work or travel before beginning college.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: After high school, students should have at least one year to work or travel. It's better than attending university straight away.
托福写作模板及参考答案：
托福独立写作范文一
The prevailing notion is that high school students are under huge pressure. Then appears a controversy whether students should have one year to engage in other things before they attend their university. After weighing the pros and cons, I am favor of the opinion that having a gap year can produce many benefits.
First off, students can benefit a lot from traveling. As everyone knows, to maintain strong competitiveness, high school students are required to accomplish a wide range of either required or optional curriculums at school and the rights to develop their own interests have been deprived relentlessly, which has proven to be a detriment of their growth. Instead of pursuing their bachelor degree without pause in the college, traveling can help them regain chances to cultivate and perfect their personalities and release pressure. For instance, many more college graduates are reported to be indifferent to the society and show no mercy on those in need, part of which owes a lot to the fact that schools lay more emphasis on cultivating students’ academic abilities and downplay the importance of developing their overall qualities. Traveling to those places in poverty can give students a sight of those impoverished families to call on the sense of responsibility. Besides, by paying a visit to some places of interest like the Great Wall or the pyramid in Egypt, students can approach the greatness of diverse culture. What’s more, the direct access to the natural world can appease students’ inner uproar. Accordingly, a gap year can be a great asset for high school graduates.
Secondly, by taking part-time jobs, not only can students accumulate sufficient social experience but also earn some money to reduce financial stress on their families. Though economy in China keeps growing at a rate of almost 9 percent in the recent, average citizens still suffer huge pressure especially when the slump of stock market took a heavy toll on them and the majority of stock investors withdrew their money and reinvest to the real estate, further increasing pressure on the ordinary because of the increasing prices of housing. For most families from small cities and rural areas, college tuition still appears to be a great burden on them and by taking part-time jobs, students can earn some wages to relieve financial pressure, such as serving as a restaurant attendant that enables students to better develop their communication techniques and learn more about how to meet the demands of consumers or working as a salesman that will be an entirely different experience from high schools and can lead to the cultivation of the ability of presenting customers the advantages of products. Obviously, a gap year means a lot to high school graduates.
Admittedly, there is another voice that high school students are supposed to start their campus life immediately after graduation from high schools. To be more specific, maintaining high-efficiency study can lead students to be better acclimated to their college life. Instead of going to college soon, a gap year may disrupt their study schedule and weaken their learning skills. It appears to be sensible, however; the ultimate goal of attending a university is to seek a decent job and gaining social experience in advance makes students more conscious of which kind of area they are more interested in in the near future such as the serving industry or high-tech fields.
In conclusion, high school graduates had better live a different life temporarily before they go to college. (582 words)
