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篇1：语法复习二十：介 词
介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。介词分为三种，一种是简单介词，如at, in, on, beside, to , for等；另一种是短语介词，即由两个以上的词组组成的短语，如in front of, because of, out of, instead of等；还有一种叫二重介词，如until after, from behind等。
（一）介词的句法功能
介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
1、作定语：The book on the table is mine.
2、作状语：We have breakfast at seven.（表时间）；They were late for meeting because of the heavy rain.（表原因）；They started the machine by pressing the button.（表方法）
3、作表语：My dictionary is in the bag.
4、作宾语补足语：I found him in the office.
（二）主要介词区别
1、表示时间的at, in, on：at表示片刻的时间，如：at 8 o’clock ，常用词组有：at noon, at night, at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year等。in表示一段的时间，如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in , in summer, in the past, in the future等。on总是跟日子有关，on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning等。
2、表示时间的since和from：since表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程，常与现在完成时连用。from表示从时间的某一点开始，不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。如：I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995.
3、表示时间的in和after：两者都表示“在（某个时间）之后，区别在于in表示“在（一段时间）之后”，而after则表示“在（某一具体时间点之后）”，in短语和将来时态连用，after短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。如：We’ll be back in three days./ After seven the rain began to fall./ What shall we do after graduation?
注意：after有时也可以表示在一段时间之后（常用在过去时里）。如：After two months he returned.
4、表示地理位置的in, on, to：in表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外。如：Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is to the east of China.
5、表示“在……上”的on和in：on只表示在某物的表面上，而用in表示占去某物一部分。 如：There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.
6、表示“穿过……”的through和across：through表示从内部通过，与in 有关；across则表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过，与on有关。如： Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street.
7、in the corner, on the corner, at the corner：in the corner 表示在角落里，in指角的内面；on the corner表示“在角上”，on指的不是内面，也不是外面，而含内外兼有之意；at the corner指“在拐角处”，at指的是拐角外附近的外面。如：The lamp stands in the corner of the room./ I met with him at the street corner./ He sat on the corner of the table.
8、in the end, at the end of, by the end of：in the end作“最后”、“终于”解，可单独使用，后不接介词of；at the end of 表示“在……末梢”，“到……尽头”，既可指时间，也可以指地上或物体。不可单独使用；by the end of 作“在……结束时”，“到……末为止”解，只能指时间。不可单独使用。如：In the end they reached a place of safety./ At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden./ They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week./ by the end of last month he had finished the novel.
9、表示“关于”的about 和on：两者都有“关于”的意思，不过前者为一般用词，而后者为较正式的“论述”。如：He came to tell me about something important./ He wrote a book on science.
10、between, among：一般说来，between表示两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间。如：You are to sit between your father and me./ He is always happy among his classmates.
注意：但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西，如果强调的是两两相互间接关系，适用于between。如：Agreements were made between the different countries. 在谈到一些事物或一组事物，而把它们视为分居两边时用between。如：The little valley lies between high mountains.。在谈事物间的差别时，总是用between。如：They don’t know the difference between wheat, oats and barley.
11、besides, except, but, except for：besides指“除了……还有，再加上”。如：All went out besides me.；except指“除了，减去什么”，不能放在句首。如：All went out except me.；but 与except意思近似，表示“除了……外”经常用在no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything等和其他疑问词后面。如：I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper.；except for表示“如无……就，只是”表明理由细节。如：His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.。
12、表示“用”的in和with：表示工具的“用”，用with，而表示材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等的“用”，用in。如：He is writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter in pencil./ We measured it in pounds./ Read the text in a loud voice./ Tell me the story in English.
13、in charge of和in the charge of：两者都表示“由谁负责、照顾、管理”。区别在于：in charge of后接被照管的人或物，而in the charge of后面则跟照管的人。如：Who is in charge of the project?/ The project is in the charge of an engineer.。
14、as, like：as作“作为”、“以……地位或身份”解。如：Let me speak to you as a father.（事实是父亲）；like作“象……一样”解。如：Let me speak to you like a father.（事实上不是父亲）。
15、in front of 和in the front of：in front of = before，是“在……前面”的意思（不在某物内）； in the front of则是“在……前部”的意思（在某物内）。如：There is a desk in front of the blackboard./ The boy sat in the front of the car.。
16、in, into：into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置。如：We walked into the park.；in通常表示位置。如：We walked in the park；in和drop, fall, put, throw, break等终止性动词连用时，也可以表示动向。如：I have put the coin in (into) my pocket.我把硬币放进衣袋。
练习（一）、介 词
1. The teacher is writing ____ a piece of chalk on the blackboard while the students are writing ____ink in exercise books. A. with, in B. in, with C. in, in D. with, with
2. The worker can make chairs ____ wood, and also can make paper ____ wood.
A. from, of B. of, from C. of. of D. from, from
3. Mary dropped in ____ Mr Smith, but he wasn' t at home, so she went to drop in ____ Mr Smith's office. A. on, on B. at, at C. on. at D. at. on
4. The teacher is not only strict ____ his pupils but also strict ____ his own work.
A. with, with B.in,in C. in, with D. with, in
5. His grandfather died ____ the wound that the enemy soldier had given him .and then his grand-
mother died ____ hungry and cold. A.from,of B.of,from C.from,from D.of.of
6. If you run ____ two hares you will catch neither. A.into B.after C.off D. out of
7. This is a common mistake ____ students. A. between B.over C. among D. about
8. My father began to work ____ a bus driver when he was twenty years old.
A.for B.to C.at D.as
9. _____ hearing the news, I was wild ____ joy. A. At, in B. On, with C. After, by D. /, over
10.I don' t think Xiao Li is ____ the other students ____ mathematics.
A. after, on B. after, with C. behind, in D. behind, at
11. Nobody knows it ____ me. A. except for B. except that C. besides D. but
12. The window is never opened ____ in summer. A. but B. except C. except for D. but for
13. It happened ____ the Long March. A. during B.in C.at D.for
14. We go to school ____ a bike. A.in B.on C.by D.ove
15. It's very kind____ you to repair the bike ____ me.
A.for.for B.of,of C.of,for D.for,of
16. Fresh air is good ____ your health. A.at B.for C.of D.to
17.The boy is waiting ____ his sister and they will go to the hospital to wait ____ their sick mother.
A.for,on B.on,for C.for,for D.on.on
18.The group is made up____five students. And they are studying hard to make up____ the lost time.
A.of,of B.for,for C.of,for D.for,of
19.The PLA man saved the boy ____ death. A. of B.from C.to D.on
20. He will come ____ three days. A.before B.after C. in D. later
21. He went to Beijing and returned ____ three days.
A. in B. before C. later D. after
22. He will return____ three o'clock. A.after B.in C.on D.at
23. He wrote the article ____ three days. A.at B.in C.on D.by
24.I agree ____ what you said. A.to B.on C.with D.at
25. Do you agree____ this plan (arrangement)? A.at B.with C.on D.to
26. Finally they agreed ____ the terms of the contract. A.on B.to C.with D.at
27. Do you often hear____ your brother? A. of B. from C. out of D. about
28.1 heard ____ the book long ago, but I have never read it.
A. out B.from C.of D.with
29. The plane flew ____ the city. A. across B.past C. through D.over
30. We walked ____ the Tian An Men Square to the Museum of Chinese History.
A. across B. through C.by D.past
31.I was wandering ____ the streets when I caught sight of a tailor's shop.
A. across B. through C.by D.past
32. Our bus drove ____ the Great Hall of the People.
A. across B. through C. past D.over
33. ____ the sun, nothing would grow.
A. For B.With C. Under D. Without
34. The teacher is busy ____ teaching.
A.with B.for C.on D.of
35. The teacher is busy ____ correcting papers.
A. for B.in C.on D.of
36. We left Xi' an _.___ a very hot summer afternoon.
A. on B.in C. during D.by
37. She felt disappointed when she found out they had gone swimming____ her.
A. but B. except C. except for D. without
38. His teacher was angry ____ him ____ his being late.
A.at,with B.at,for C.with,for D.with,about
39. My father was disappointed ____ the news.
A. by B. about C. at D. on
40. Mr Wang went to Nanjing ____ October,1998 and came back home ____ the morning of Nov. 5.
A.at;in B.on;at C.in;on D.by;from
41 .My uncle lives ____ 105 Huanghe Street. His room is ____ the fifth floor.
A.at;on B.td;at C.on;in D.of;to
42. I don't think you can work out the maths problem ____ the teacher's help.
A. since B. unless C. because D. without
43. He is running ____ the wind towards the east of the station ____ Tom is running ____ the right.
A. down; and; on B. against; while; on C.for;with;in D. with; while; to
44. In Hangzhou Mr Green was so struck ____ the beauty of nature that he stayed ____ another night.
A.at;on B.with;at C.for;in D.by;for
45. Many people are still ____ the habit of writing silly things ____ public places.
A.at;at B.in;in C.into;of D.during;at
46. - Do you go there ____ bus? - No, we go there ____ a train.
A. in; on B.on;on C.by;in D.by; with
47. I made the coat ____ my own hands. It was made ____ hand, not with a machine.
A. in; in B.in; with C. with; by D. with; with
48. The trees ____ front of the house are ____ the charge of Old Li.
A. in; in B. at; in C. in; by D. from; in
49. The old man died ____ cold ____ a cold night.
A. from; at B.of;in C.of;on D. for; during
50. Does John know any other foreign languages ____ French?
A. except B. but C. besides D. beside
51. He looked quite healthy ____ he was ____ the age of seventy.
A. when; at B. because; in C. if; for D. though; at
52. - How long has the bookshop been in business? -____1982.
A. After B.In C.From D.Since
53. Did you have any trouble ____ the post office?
A. to have found B. with finding C. to find D. in finding
54.To tell you the truth, I have nothing to do ____ it.
A.about B.with C.for D.of
55. Something must be done to prevent our city ____ by thick smoke.
A. to be polluted B. from polluting C. from being polluted D. polluting
56.____ the students likes the paintings. Which is wrong?
A. The teacher as well as B. Nobody but C. The teacher besides D. All except
57. Henry,____ Mary and Tom, is coming to China for a visit. Which is wrong?
A. together with B. like C. and not D. but in addition to
58. Taiwan is ____ the east of Fujian.
A. in B.at C.to D.on
59. His father will be back from London ____ a few days.
A.since B.in C.on D.after
60. We offered him our congratulations ____ his passing the college entrance exams.
A.at B.on C.for D.of
61 .The word “write” has the same pronunciation ____ the word “right”.
A. of B.as C.to D.from
62. The train leaves ____ 6: 00 p. m. So I have to be at the station ____ 5:40 p. m. at the latest.
A. at; until B. for; after C.at;by D. before; around
63. Go ____ the gate and you' 11 find the entrance ____ the park ____ the other side.
A. through; to; on B. along ;of; on C. down; to; at D. up; of; by
64. One ____ five will have the chance to join in the game.
A. within B. among C. in D. from
65. Because of her devotion _____ music, she has become friendly with Mr. Zhang.
A. in B. to C. with D. on
66. What idea can a man who is blind from birth have_____ color?
A. in B. / C. with D. of
67. Some people say that we live _____ the age of computers.
A. in B. at C. with D. for
68. ---May I attend your lecture, Mr. Green? ---Welcome _____ open arms.
A. with B. by C. in D. for
69. _____ defeated, they didn't lose heart.
A. In spite of B. Except for C. Though D. Until
70. I saw Jack yesterday. He told me that he would stay here _____ the end of this year.
A. at B. by C. for D. till
71.The train leaves at 6:00 p.m. So I have to be at the station ____5:40p.m.at the latest.
A. until B. after C. by D. around ('97NMET 11)
72. The boy ought to have gone to school ___, but he slept ___noon.
A. in the morning, at B. that morning, at
C. in that morning, until D. that morning, until ('93 上海)
73. The doctor will be free ____.
A. 10 minutes later B. after ten minutes
C. in ten minutes D. 10 minutes after('92MET. 20)
74. _____most students, she was always well prepared and never came to class late.
A. Like B. As C. For D. To ('98上海高考题 2)
75. Let's walk over ___the shop on the other side of the street.
A. in B. to C. under D. by ('93上海)
76. The number of the employees has grown from 1,000 to 1,200. This means it has risen ____20 percent. A . by B. at C. to D. with ('99 上海高考)
77. ____production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A. . As B. For C. With D. Through (NMET. 18)
78. Does John know any other foreign language ___French?
A. except B. but C. besides D. beside ('89MET. 13)
79. I know nothing about the young lady ___she is from Beijing.
A. except B. except for C. except that D. besides (2000 上海高考13)
80. ---You are so lucky. ---What do you mean ____that? (春招)
A. for B. in C. of D. by
篇2：语法复习二十：介 词
语法复习二十：介 词
介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词。介词分为三种，一种是简单介词，如at, in, on, beside, to , for等；另一种是短语介词，即由两个以上的词组组成的短语，如in front of, because of, out of, instead of等；还有一种叫二重介词，如until after, from behind等。（一）介词的句法功能
介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成份，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系。
1、作定语：The book on the table is mine.
2、作状语：We have breakfast at seven.（表时间）；They were late for meeting because of the heavy rain.（表原因）；They started the machine by pressing the button.（表方法）
3、作表语：My dictionary is in the bag.
4、作宾语补足语：I found him in the office.
（二）主要介词区别
1、表示时间的at, in, on：at表示片刻的时间，如：at 8 o'clock ，常用词组有：at noon, at night, at midnight, at the end of, at that time, at the beginning of, at the age of, at Christmas, at New Year等。in表示一段的时间，如：in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, in October, in 1998, in summer, in the past, in the future等。on总是跟日子有关，on Monday, on Christmas morning, on the following, on May Day, on a warm morning等。
2、表示时间的since和from：since表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程，常与现在完成时连用。from表示从时间的某一点开始，不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。如：I hope to do morning exercises from today./ We have not seen each other since 1995.
3、表示时间的in和after：两者都表示“在（某个时间）之后，区别在于in表示”在（一段时间）之后“，而after则表示”在（某一具体时间点之后）“，in短语和将来时态连用，after短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。如：We'll be back in three days./ After seven the rain began to fall./ What shall we do after graduation?
注意：after有时也可以表示在一段时间之后（常用在过去时里）。如：After two months he returned.
4、表示地理位置的in, on, to：in表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外。如：Changchun is in the northeast of China./ Mongolia is on the north of China./ Japan is to the east of China.
5、表示”在……上“的on和in：on只表示在某物的表面上，而用in表示占去某物一部分。 如：There is a book on the piece of paper./ There is an interesting article in the newspaper./ He dug a hole in the wall.
6、表示”穿过……“的through和across：through表示从内部通过，与in 有关；across则表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过，与on有关。如： Water flows through the pipe./ The old man walked across the street.
7、in the corner, on the corner, at the corner：in the corner 表示在角落里，in指角的内面；on the corner表示”在角上“，on指的不是内面，也不是外面，而含内外兼有之意；at the corner指”在拐角处“，at指的是拐角外附近的外面。如：The lamp stands in the corner of the room./ I met with him at the street corner./ He sat on the corner of the table.
8、in the end, at the end of, by the end of：in the end作”最后“、”终于“解，可单独使用，后不接介词of；at the end of 表示”在……末梢“，”到……尽头“，既可指时间，也可以指地上或物体。不可单独使用；by the end of 作”在……结束时“，”到……末为止“解，只能指时间。不可单独使用。如：In the end they reached a place of safety./ At the end of the road stands a beautiful garden./ They decided to have an English evening at the end of this week./ by the end of last month he had finished the novel.
9、表示”关于“的about 和on：两者都有”关于“的意思，不过前者为一般用词，而后者为较正式的”论述“。如：He came to tell me about something important./ He wrote a book on science.
10、between, among：一般说来，between表示两者之间，among用于三者或三者以上的中间。如：You are to sit between your father and me./ He is always happy among his classmates.
注意：但有时说的'虽然是三个以上的人或东西，如果强调的是两两相互间接关系，适用于between。如：Agreements were made between the different countries. 在谈到一些事物或一组事物，而把它们视为分居两边时用between。如：The little valley lies between high mountains.。在谈事物间的差别时，总是用between。如：They don't know the difference between wheat, oats and barley.
11、besides, except, but, except for：besides指”除了……还有，再加上“。如：All went out besides me.；except指”除了，减去什么“，不能放在句首。如：All went out except me.；but 与except意思近似，表示”除了……外“经常用在no, all, nobody, anywhere, everything等和其他疑问词后面。如：I never saw him reading anything but the newspaper.；except for表示”如无……就，只是“表明理由细节。如：His diary is good except for a few spelling mistakes.。
12、表示”用“的in和with：表示工具的”用“，用with，而表示材料、方式、方法、度量、单位、语言、声音等的”用“，用in。如：He is writing a letter with a pen./ He wrote the letter in pencil./ We measured it in pounds./ Read the text in a loud voice./ Tell me the story in English.
13、in charge of和in the charge of：两者都表示”由谁负责、照顾、管理“。区别在于：in charge of后接被照管的人或物，而in the charge of后面则跟照管的人。如：Who is in charge of the project?/ The project is in the charge of an engineer.。
14、as, like：as作”作为“、”以……地位或身份“解。如：Let me speak to you as a father.（事实是父亲）；like作”象……一样“解。如：Let me speak to you like a father.（事实上不是父亲）。
15、in front of 和in the front of：in front of = before，是”在……前面“的意思（不在某物内）； in the front of则是”在……前部“的意思（在某物内）。如：There is a desk in front of the blackboard./ The boy sat in the front of the car.。
16、in, into：into表示动向，不表示目的地或位置。如：We walked into the park.；in通常表示位置。如：We walked in the park；in和drop, fall, put, throw, break等终止性动词连用时，也可以表示动向。如：I have put the coin in (into) my pocket.我把硬币放进衣袋。
练习（一）、介 词
1. The teacher is writing ____ a piece of chalk on the blackboard while the students are writing ____ink in exercise books. A. with, in B. in, with C. in, in D. with, with
2. The worker can make chairs ____ wood, and also can make paper ____ wood.
A. from, of B. of, from C. of. of D. from, from
3. Mary dropped in ____ Mr Smith, but he wasn' t at home, so she went to drop in ____ Mr Smith's office. A. on, on B. at, at C. on. at D. at. on
4. The teacher is not only strict ____ his pupils but also strict ____ his own work.
A. with, with B.in,in C. in, with D. with, in
5. His grandfather died ____ the wound that the enemy soldier had given him .and then his grand-
mother died ____ hungry and cold. A.from,of B.of,from C.from,from D.of.of
6. If you run ____ two hares you will catch neither. A.into B.after C.off D. out of
7. This is a common mistake ____ students. A. between B.over C. among D. about
8. My father began to work ____ a bus driver when he was twenty years old.
A.for B.to C.at D.as
9. _____ hearing the n
篇3：高三复习语法专项系列----介词和连词
一. 介词
1. 介词的分类 (在句中作定语, 状语, 补语和表语)
单个介词: at , by, for, from, in, of , on , to , with
复合介词: into, onto, within, out of
双重介词: from under, since before, until after
介词短语: in front of, because of, according to
分词作介词: including , considering , concerning
2. across , through over
across 在一个空间内从一端到另一端或成十字交叉穿过
through着重指从中间或空间穿过
over 指从一个物体的一边到另一边的越过
3. about , on, of
about表示的内容多为普通,不太正式 有”述及”的意思
on 多用于慎重的正式的语言交际场合.常见于”学说上的”论文或演说等题目.有论及的意思
of 作关于讲, 表示体积,设计某人/事时, 只表示事情存在或发生,并不涉及详情.有时与about可互换 ,常与动词know, hear, learn, speak, talk, think, tell等.
但注意区别:
talk of / talk about think of/ think about
4. except , except for, except that, but , besides, beside
except 除了---之外都/都不/没有 可接名词,代词, 介词短语,副词或不定式 , 不定式常省to.
except for 除了,要不是 常接名词性短语
except that 常接从句,也可接when where 等词引导的从句
but 多用在代词(主要是不定代词,否定代词或疑问代词)后
besides 除了---之外还有/包括 还可用作副词,相当于 , 有”而且,加之,何况”的意思.
Beside 表示在---附近,
5. including , included
including 是一个介词, 意思是: 包括, 一般放在包括对象的前面
included 是一个过去分词, 用于被动语态中或放在包括对象的后面.
6. in, after, later
in 表示一段时间之后, 常用于一般将来时和过去将来时中.
after 表某一时刻后, 后跟”时间点”, 常用于一般将来时或一般过去时中;
也可表示某一段时间后, 后跟”一段时间”, 用于一般过去时.
later 后跟一个具体的时间为起点
7. in, with, by
in指用”语言,字体,墨水, 体裁, 风格, 方式,现金, 顺序”等.
with 指用具体的或有形的工具,器官等, 有时也可表示用某种手段或音调等.
by 表示用方式,手段等.后常接动名词,后接就名词时,名词前不加修饰语.
8. toward (s) , to , for
to 和toward(s)用来表示静态的方向, 可以换用, 但和表示位置转移的动词如: go , come, move, run, return, walk,等连用是, to 有到达之意, 而toward(s) 只表示运动方向, 无到达之意.
for 一般用语动词leave , sail, start 及短语set off, set out, start out, start off 等短语后表示方向.
9. under/over , below/above
below 是on a lower level than 的 意思, 表示在下方位置地狱某物. 不强调直上直下, 反义词是above .
under 有directly below 的含义, 表示垂直在下方, 反义词是: over.
10. 表原因的介词:because of , for, at, by, with, owing to, thanks to, out of 的区别
① because of 表示引起结果的直接原因 意义与连词because 相同.
② for表示内在的, 心理上的饿原因, 常与表示喜怒哀乐等的情感名词连用, 还可表示某种动作或结果的起因. 而连词for 则表示某种结果的补充理由或显而易见的原因.
③ at表示外部的, 尤其是暴力的或无意中造成某种结果的原因.
④ by表示某种情绪或从做的起因, 多与喜怒哀乐等词连用,有”听到,看到---”
⑤ with指胜利上或情感上的外界到内心的原因, 有 “随着---”
⑥ owing to相当于because of , 多表示某种不良后果的原因. 也有 “欠-钱”的意思
⑦ thanks to表示引起某种幸运结果的原因, 有 “幸亏---, 多亏了---”的意思
⑧ 表示动机的起因,常译为 “出于---”
二. 连词:
连词的种类:
并列连词: and, or, but, while(然而), for, therefore,
both – and---, not only --- but (also)--, as well as, and --- as well,
not ---nor--- , whether---or---, either---or--- , neither---nor---,
从属连词: (连接状语从句的连词)
hardly ---when, no sooner ---than , the moment, the minute
地点: where,
原因: because, as, since(既然)=now that ,
条件: if, even if, unless, as long as=on condition that , in case, supposing, provided that
目的:so that , in order that , for fear that, so
结果: so ---- that, such ---- that
让步: though, although, however + adj. ---, even if, whatever,
no matter+ ---,
方式: as (象---一样), just as, as if/ though
比较: as---as---, the same---as---, so --- as---, the more---, the more---
1. because , since, as, for
① because表示直接明确的原因或理由,语气最强.
② since强调结果, 不强调原因, since 表示自然的因果关系,意为 “既然”.
③ as也是只强调结果, 不强调原因, 语气最弱, 用于常谈中, 讲话人认为某种理由很明显或对方很熟悉,不需要突出.
④ for是并列连词, 只表示一种推测. 其前的分句常是must have done 或must do
注意点: 只有表示一种直接的 原因或理由, 用它来回答why的疑问句, 也只有可有放在强调句中, 使它成为强调的对象, 而其他的不能.
2. if , whether
引导条件状语时只用if,
作是否的意思时, 注意几种只用whether的情况.
3. or , and
① 否定句中连接并列成分一般用or
② 当一个句子中出现了两个否定词时, 或两个并列成分都有否定时, 用and 连接, 表示的是全部否定.
③ And 连接的两个主语表示的是两者以上的人物时, 谓语用复数,而 or连接时, 谓语 则要与邻近的主语一致.
4. such as, for example, and so on , namely
① such as 列举部分, 可以是一个也可以是多个
② for example列举单个人或事物外,还可列举一个完整的事件或一系列人物. 常用逗号隔开.
③ and so on列举部分, 常放在列举部分后.
④ namely必须列出全部内容.
5. because, as, since 不能和so连用, though 不能和but 连用, 但是therefore, then, yet 可以和他们连用.
6. 一些名词短语 : the moment , the minute ,等也可连接状语从句.
7. when, as, while
while 常跟延续性动词连用,
when可跟延续或短暂性动词连用, 还有就在此时的意思: 搭配为:
be about to/be doing/ be on the point of doing --- when
as指两个动作是同时进行有 “一边--- 一边--- ”的意思
8. so that / in order that + 从句
so as to / in order to + 动词(短语) 注意: so as to 不可放在句首.
9. so--- that--- /such---- that – 太--- 以致于---, 区别见 形容词和副词 一讲中 “so , such ” 的用法区别.
篇4：高考英语介词语法专项总复习
二十二.in作介词的用法:
①.在…(某时间或空间)里
a. The last time we met was in New Zealand.
b. They took him to hospital in the car.
c. What is in the newspaper today ?
d. Her mother was always in her mind.
e. I threw it in the wastepaper basket.
f. He was born in 1980 in Genoa.
g. An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.
h. Rome was not built in a day.
②.在(一段时间)之后, 与将来时连用
a. I will come round in a day or two.
b. She is going up to London in three days’ time.
③.处于某种状态之中
a. They are now in a painful situation.
b. The tigers are in danger.
c. He was obviously in good health.
d. The poor girl is in tears.
e. The baby is in a beautiful sleep.
f. John is in a bad temper.
g. Are you in doubt about it ?
h. How do you come to know it ? I asked in surprise.
i. He waited in anxiety for the report.
j. She shut her eyes in fear.
k. We went on our way in great happiness.
l. We sat in silence, looking to the sea.
m. It must be done in a hurry.
n. He sat there, deep in thought.
④.有某种特征, 性质等
a. He was in his early twenties.
b. This kind of products are in great demand.
c. The chairs were in the newest style.
d. The letter was all in French.
⑤.表示穿着
a. She is in a white coat today.
b. She was dressed in white like a nurse.
⑥.表示动作正在进行
a. The meeting was in progress at that time.
b. He was in conversation with the manager when I called.
⑦.在…方面, 在…上
a. He has changed a lot in appearance over the past few years.
b. The theory won’t work in practice.
c. He was about five feet in height.
d. In some things you must trust your elders.
e. They are quite reasonable in price.
f. They had no difficulty in finding his house.
g. He was active in taking part in the activity.
⑧.用…, 以…
a. He told us about his idea in simple English.
b. A message was written in pencil on the door.
c. He paid me in dollars for the work.
d. The room is painted in bright colours.
⑨.在…过程中, 在…时
a. In doing we learn.
b. He fell into despair in doing so.
⑩.词组和固定搭配: in a sense从某个意义上说; in advance事前, 在前头; in all总共, 总的说来; in any case不管怎样; in case of…要是, 如果, 以防; in detail详细地; in general一般地说; in one’s opinion在…看来; in other words换言之; in person亲自, 本人; in public公开地; in short / in a word总之; in spite of尽管; in the course of在…过程中; in the end最后; in the least一点儿; in the meantime与此同时; in time及时地; in turn轮流;
篇5：高三语法复习讲练-含有动词意义的介词
高三语法复习讲练-含有动词意义的介词
含有动词意义的介词
在英语中，有一些介词表示的却是动词的含义，主要有：
1.at : 在与表达感情的形容~连用时， 可代替“听”“看”等动词， 如：
She was greatly surprised at the bad news. 她听到这个坏消息时， 大吃一惊。
2.to : 在与go, come , invite等动词连用时， 可代替 ”参加“”出席“ 等动词， 如：
Prof. Wang has gone to a meeting. 王教授去开会去了。
3.for;在与go, come , return等动词连用时， 可代替后面表明 ”目的“ 动词， 如：
What did he come for? He came for his wallet.他来干什么？他来取钱包。
4.for : 在与start, leave, set等表示离开,启程等动词连用时， 相当于汉语的 ”走“”到“”往“ 等意思，如：
They start for Shanghai at five early tomorrow morning明早五时， 他们出发去上海。
5.有些介词短语作B系动词的表语， 有动词含义， 如：What is he at ? 他在干什么？
6.有些介词短语可代替动词不定式短语，作定语，自然会有动词意义， 如：
It’s time for breakfast.现在是早餐的.时间了. 该吃早饭了。
7.with，在类似下列的句子中， 意为use,如：
He often writes with my pen他时常以我的钢笔写. 他常有我的钢笔写字。
8.by与表示交通工具的单词连用， 相当于汉语的 ”坐“”乘" 等意思， 如：
Are you going to travel by plane or by train?他坐火车去工作? 你们打算乘飞机还是坐火车去旅行？
但是不能说这些介词就等于这些动词， 更不能用它们充当谓语动词。
篇6：语法系列复习五-----介词、连接词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
语法系列复习专题五-----介词、连接词
介 词
学习介词用法除要掌握一般常规用法外,还须注意一些特殊用法,固定搭配等。
一、表示时间介词注意点：
1．in＋一段时间＝in＋一段时间s time(与将来时连用)
in three days
in three days time
within＋一段时间（用于各种时态）
如：You must finish reading the book within a week.你必须在一周内读完这本书。
2．on Christmas Day在圣诞节；at Christmas在圣诞节的几天中
3．up to now＝until now, from morning till night, for the time being暂时，
at times有时，day by day一天天地，in no time立刻。
4．during是介词，不能引导从句。
二、注意一些表示地点场所介词短语的引伸、比喻含义
in the mud在泥中，beyond hope绝望, in freezing在严寒天气中，in danger在危
险中，in trouble在困境中，in public在公共场合中，under construction在建设
中，on business出差，in the same boat处境一样，on sale在出售
三、表示方式、手段、工具等介词（by,with,on,in）
1.by: The blind men thought they could learn what the elephant looked like by
touching it./ make a living by teaching/ by hand手工地，靠手工地，by letter,
by post, by electricity, learn sth. by heart, struck by the beauty因美丽
而着迷 He was paid by the hour/ the day/ month/…他按时/日/月/…被付给工钱。
by plane/ train/ ship/ air/ water/ sea/…, by means of用…手段，方式；by
way of经由，取道于… learn English by/ over/ through/ on the radio
2.on: live on food, kneel on ones knees, lie/ sleep on ones back / side / face
仰/侧/俯卧（睡）
3.in: in English, in ink, in silence, in one voice异口同声地，in a hurry匆忙
地，in surprise惊讶地
4．with: write with a pen, work with ones hands, smell with ones nose, beat the
horse with a whip(鞭子)
四、相近介词（短语）辨析
1. on“关于”，学术性强：a lecture on computer
about“关于”，知识性或随便谈论：a discussion about the plan
2. go/come/walk/run后只能用into, put/sit down/throw/jump/fall后可用in/into
3. over在…正上方，under在…正下方
above在…上面（不一定垂直上方），below在…下面
4. in an hour一小时后，用于将来时
after an hour一小时后，用于过去时
5. beside在…旁边
besides除…之外（还有）
except除…之外
except for除（非同类事物）之外
6. on/in the street
at 50 Dongfeng Road 在东风路50号
7. a hole in the wall
a picture on the wall
a piece of news in the newspaper
the words in the envelop
the monkey in the tree
the apples on the tree(树上的苹果。表示长在树“上”的果实要用介词“on”)
8. the tallest boy of(in) the class/school/…(象class这类群体单位名词前可用
of或in)
the tallest(boy) of the ten boys(象boys这类非群体名词前，只能用of)
9. with the help / the permission of… 在… 帮助/允诺下
under the leadership / the care of… 在…领导/关心下
10. be familiar with sb./sth. 熟悉某人/某物
be familiar to sb. …为某人所熟悉
11. be absent from meeting/class开会/上课缺席
be sbsent in sp. 不在某处
12. be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求
be strict in sth. 严格对待某事
13. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国的东部(在中国境内)
Korea lies on the east of China. 朝鲜与中国的东部接壤。
Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东部（不接壤）。
14. at least 至少
in the least 丝毫，一点
15. in the air 空中，在流传
on the air播出
16. shout to 呼喊，向…喊
shout at对…吼，责骂
17. in the way挡路，障碍，妨碍
in a way在某点上，在某种程度上
by the way顺便问一下
on ones way(to) 在…路上
18. at the corner在拐角处（外角）
in the corner在拐角里，在角落里（内角）
on the corner在角落上（外角）
19. on fire着火，失火
on the fire在火上
at the fire在炉边
20. in the end＝at last＝finally
by the end of到…末止
at the end of在…结束时，在…末端，at the end最后。
21. after a time＝after some time过一段时间后
behind time迟到，过期
ahead of time提前，超前
sometime某时
some time某段时间，某一时期
sometimes有时
at a time＝each time每次
at one time＝once曾经
22. for a moment＝for a while/minute一会儿
for the moment暂时
in a moment立刻
at the moment当时
the moment/minute/second/instance…＝as soon as 一…就
23. be tired of… 讨厌 …
be tired with… 因…而疲倦
24. be popular with sb. 受某人的欢迎
be popular for因…而流行
be popular in sp. 在某处流行
25. be pleased with＋名词/what从句 对…满意
be pleased at＋抽象名词 听/看到…而高兴
26. be known to sb.为某人所知
be known as 作为…而出名，被叫作…
be known for因…而出名
27. be busy with sth.忙于某事
be busy(in) doing sth.忙着做某事
28. be late for…迟于参加（某项活动）： She was late for supper.她吃晚饭去迟了。
be late with…某事办迟了： She was late with the supper.她晚饭烧迟了。
介词考点分析
1．My uncle lives______ 105 Beijing street. (NMET)
A.on B.at C.to D.of
析：门牌号码前要用at。
2．He slept well_______all the windows open. (NMET)
A.when B.while C.with D.because
析：A、B、D都是连词，其后应接句子(与slept相应，open应为opened)故都不合此题。
with all the windows open是“with＋名词＋形容词”独立结构,在此作方式状语。
故答案为C。
3．We offered him our congratulations_________his passing the college entrance
exams.(NMET)
A.at B.of C.for D.on
析：congratulate sb. on sth.对某人的某事表示祝贺，这是固定说法；offer/express
congratulations on sth./doing sth.对某事/做某事表示祝贺。在这一结构中也用
on。故此题答案是D。
4．If you keep on, youll succeed_____. (NMET)
A.in time B.at one time C.at the same time D.on time
析：四个选项中in time有“终究”。“迟早”意，在此合用，故此题答案为A。
5．Great men never give up_______difficulty. (NMET)
A.in face of the B.when facing with
C.in the face of D.when facing by
析：in face of＝in the face of表“面对”意。此题是“面对任何困难”意，为泛指，
并非特指，所以答案为C。
6．The train leaves at 6:00 p.m. So I have to be at the station ______ 5:40 p.m.at
the latest. (NMET)
A.until B.after C.by D.around
析：by可表“不迟于(＝no later than)”意。until与 I have to be at the station
连用，要以“not…until”形式出现，故在此不合；after在此也不合；around表
“大约”意，太笼统了。故此题答案应为C。
连 接 词
一、连词分类：
1．并列连词：是指连接对等的词、词组和句子，而不是连接主句与从句 的连词，如：
and, both…and, neither…nor, not only…but also, as well as, but, however,
while(而), still, yet, or, either…or, otherwise, so, for, therefore, thus
等。
2．从属连词：指连接主句与从句的连词，如：that, whether, if, before, after, as ,
as soon as, once, since, ever since, till, until, when, whenever, while,
because, since, now that, so…that(既然), such…that, so that, in order that,
as if,as thouth,though, although, even though, no matter who/whoever/…，
unless, as/so long as, in case(以防)等。
二、使用连词注意点：
1．for是并列连词，它所引出的理由是一种补充说明，语气很弱。它所引导的分句几乎
可以放在括号里。其引导的分句不能放在句首。
例如：He might have gone to bed, for the light went out.
2．though和although引导从句时主句前不能用but。例如下面句子是错误的：
Although/Though he was ill, but he went to school.(改正的方法是将but去掉，
或将although, though去掉)。
3．because，as引导原因状语从句时，主句前不能用so。例如下面句子是错的：As /
Because there are no classes tomorrow，so they will go on a picnic.（改正
的方法是去掉as, because或去掉so。）
4．当because用来解释或说明某一动作时，不能用for来代替。Why开头的问句要用
because开头引出原因，而不能用for开头引出原因。
连词考点分析
1．She thought I was talking about her daughter,______in fact I was talking about
my daughter.(NMET)
A.whom B.where C.which D.while
析：空白处需填一个表示转折对比的连词，while可表“而”、“却”意，故答案为D。
2．He hasnt yet arrived. He may,______, come later.
A.but B.though C.or D.however
析：从空白处看，前后都有逗号，however适合填入，又因however意“然而”，“但是”，
填入空白处后，前后两句意思连贯，故D为正确选项
3．- I dont like fish______ chicken.
- I dont like fish______ I like chicken very much.
A.and; and B.and; but C.or; but D.or; and
析：观察第一句，谓语为否定式，其空白处应该用or来连接并列事物，故可排除A、B。
观察第二句，显然空白处需用一个转折连词，故答案为C。
4．Good technique in medicine means less pain and fewer deaths and,_____ ,it is
our duty to master it.(上海高考题)
A.altogether B.therefore C.otherwise D.however
析：从上下文看，前后为因果关系，故应选B。
5．Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially______ Father was
away in France.(NMET)
A.as B.that C.during D.if
析：首先可排除C。因为during是介词，不能引导从句。that和if虽然可以引导从句，
但不能表述Mother was worried的原因。故只能选A。
6．______ you dont like him is none of my business.(上海高考题)
A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether
析：从题干看，需要空白处填一词引出you dont like him这样一个事实，显然只有选
C.That合适。
7．The day breaks______ the birds are singing.
A.because B.as C.since D.for
析：若选A、B、C，则The day breaks(天亮)的原因就是the birds are singing(鸟叫)，
显然这是不成理的，只有for引出的句子作为一种附加说明才成立。
介词、连词专练
1．-The place isnt too bad, is it?
-______ its a bit too crowded.
A.No, but B.Yes, though C.No, because D.Yes, yet
2．Five minutes earlier,_____ we could have caught the last train.
A.but B.and C.so D.or
3．They may go to London, but they are not certain______.
A.still B.yet C.already D.however
4．This word may be used both as a noun_____as a verb.
A.as well as B.nor C.and D.or
5．I have read one of his plays______a lot of his poems.
A.but B.while C.as well as D.as well
6．We cant see air, ______,it does exist.
A.and B.but C.however D.still
7．Do what you have been told,____ you will be punished.
A.and B.but C.or D.after all
8．She was ill,_____she cant come.
A.for B.therefore C.but D.or
9．-I thought he hated TV.
-You are right,_____he still watches the program.
A.besides B.also C.then D.yet
10．_____you are dismissed.
A.Either you go or B.Whether you go or
C.Both you go and D.Not only you go but also
11．It is strange, ______ it is true.
A.if B.or C.so D.and
12．I asked her to stay for tea,_____ I had something to tell her.
A.but B.for C.or D.and
13．I remember_____ this used to he a quiet village. (NMET)
A.when B.how C.where D.what
14．It will be hours______ she comes back.
A.before B.since C.after D.by
15．I had no idea about it______ he told me.
A.until B.there C.that D.where
16．Air to us is _____ water to fish.
A.what B.that C.which D.of which
17．When you read the book, youd better make a mark____ you have questions.
A.where B.at which C.at where D.the place where
18．I had no idea where he had been_____ he told me.
A.when B.until C.except D.because
19．_____,Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. (NMET)
A.However late is he B.However he is late
C.However D.However late he is
20．It worried her a bit_____ her hair was turning gray. (NMET)
A.while B.that C.if D.for
21．I dont doubt_____ he can pass the entrance examination.
A.whether B.when C.that D.how
22．Never believe anything____ any other person has believed it.Use your own mind.
A.that B.when C.because D.nor
23．Dont stop_____you meet with a word you dont understand.
A.at that time B.each time C.sometimes D.before
24．Take an umbrella______ it rains.
A.in case B.in any case C.because D.for
25．_____the teacher found goodness, he praised it.
A.Wherever B.However C.As D.Because
26．I saw a stranger______ a distance of ten yards.
A.at B.in C.by D.to
27．She went to Shanghai______ way of Nanjing.
A.by B.on C.in D.to
28．Mr.Smith set out_____ USA last week.
A.about B.in C.to D.for
29．______the leadership of the Party,we should not have succeeded.
A.Under B.With C.Having not D.But for
30．Its well-known______ all of us that Taiwan belongs_______ China.
A.by; to B.to; to C.for; to D.to; of
31．_____what age do children begin to go to school?
A.Of B.From C.For D.At
32．My aunt came back______ three days.
A.after B.in C.around D.about
33．What did people say______ me?
A.with B.by C.forward D.of
34．In this company we are paid______the month.
A.on B.at C.by D.for
35．Students who live in crowded homes find it difficult to study_____comfort.
A.in B.for C.from D.without
36．She looks quite young______her age.
A.at B.of C.by D.for
37．The car went_____the direction of the post office.
A.to B.in C.by D.for
38．Children are often named_______ their parents.
A.after B.with C.on D.for
39．－Lets go home.
－Ok. Im getting tired______ shopping.
A.with B.at C.about D.of
40．Kates little brother kicked the ball to the river, she took great trouble to
get it _____ the water.
A.on B.over C.from on D.from over
41．We are still one mile_____ the destination (目的地).
A.in need B.out of C.outside D.short of
42．She worked______ science_______ her life.
A.on; throughout B.at; of
C.for; for D.out; in
43．The boy is quick______ understanding.
A.of B.about C.to D.over
44．The field was full______ sheep feeding____the new grass.
A.with; on B.of; in C.with; in D.of; on
45．You unlock the door______ turning the key_____ right.
A.by; to B.by; on C.in; on D.in; to
46．We stopped _____ London_____ the way_____ New York.
A.in; or; to B.at; on; of C.at; on; to D.at; to; of
47．In some countries children normally go to school______bikes.
A.onto B.on C.by D.in
48．He was listened______ great interest.
A.to B.to with C.with D.in
49．Considered______a building material, wood is very strong.
A.for B.upon C.on D.as
50．The mountains look grey_______ the blue sky.
A.against B.over C.under D.for
介词、连词专练答案
1－5 A B B C C 6－10 C C B D A
11－15 D B A A A 16－20 B A B D B
21－25 C C B A A 26－30 A A D D B
31－35 D A D C A 36－40 D B A D C
41－45 D A A D A 46－50 C B B D A
