“确实是GTY”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了8篇托福阅读考试攻略之做完题目后要不要检查，下面就是小编给大家带来的托福阅读考试攻略之做完题目后要不要检查，希望能帮助到大家!
篇1：托福阅读考试攻略之做完题目后要不要检查
托福阅读考试攻略 做完题目后要不要检查?
托福阅读考生的时间是按篇来给的，也就是每篇托福阅读文章只给你20分钟的时间完成，提早完成了第一篇，并不会给你下一篇留有更充足的时间。所以即使你能提前做完一篇也只能检查刚刚做完的这一篇，而一般情况下，这样短的时间是检查不出来什么错误的，因为你的思维还是停留在写答案的时候。
所以在托福阅读考试中，我们应该尽量争取一次做对，阅读时候速度可以比平时放慢一些，耐心读取题目的中心句……另外可以在考试过程中对一些提问关键信息作下笔记，帮助你更迅速定位题目，因为文章本身是会高亮标明一些问题中涉及的句子和要求解释的单词，所以有的时候连笔记都可以省掉。
另外小编提醒大家要注意的就是时间来不及的情况。这就要求大家平时训练时候，还是坚持一次性原则为好，尽量把答完一篇文章的时间控制在16分钟内，这是一个参考标准，如果达不到这个阅读速度，面临真题时候就会遭遇很大的难度，根本来不及检查。
托福阅读考试攻略就为大家介绍到这里，关于考试中做完阅读题目是否需要检查，相信大家心中已经有了答案。托福阅读考试时间紧迫，建议大家利用时间去分析难题，不要浪费时间在无意义的检查上。
托福写作模板：小孩成长环境
It is better for children to grow up in the countryside than in a big city. Do you agree or disagree? Use specific reasons and examples to develop your essay.
托福写作模板参考一：
With the development of the transportation system and some residence institution， the world is getting smaller and smaller， and people are not restricted in only one area. In addition to the convenient condition， because there are different places with different cultures， living standards， education environment and other disparity， they are inclined to transfer from one place to the other. Is it better to move around than stay in one place? I believe there are no uniform answers，but in my opinion， I do agree with the claim that to move around is better than to stay in one place.
Most people's growth comes with the transfers in their life. As for me， when I was young I lived in a small county. Because the school in there was not suitable to me， I transferred from my little county to a city to get a better education. As soon as I got to the city， I was amazed that the world here was so different here as my hometown .If I still lived in my hometown， it was impossible for me to make the wildest guess at what the real world looked like. The first transfer has made me to imagine my own life and spur on me to go further. With the confidence， I went into a university which I would never think of it before. The university is located in a different city so that I have to come into another world. Compared with my living city， the one is more complicated in which there are different people， more convenient transportation， more competitive environment. I love all of this very much. Communicating with different students and teachers， I have learned much from them which will benefit me throughout my life and my lifestyle. Now I am in a graduate school also so beautiful that I will never regret my selection of leaving my hometown because the transfer has given me a splendid life.
Also， like we students， there are many adults transferring their work place in order to grasp better opportunities. No matter in industry， in agriculture or in service， workers have rights to choose their work companies which leads them to work from place to place and then they accumulate precious experience and skills to get priorities to others.
People not only transfer in their own country， but also go abroad to get education， work or live through the rest of their life in appropriate countries. We can see that many students including me want to go to the foreign countries to study further and forge ourselves， and that many parents send their little sons or daughters to foreign countries to study. After all， diverse circumstances give persons new experience and broaden their narrow sight， even help them get more comprehensive understanding of the world， the society and our life itself.
However， some people may say that if people move around， they will pay for much such as money， time and energy. It is right to say that it takes one person some time to get used to his or her new environment， new personal relationship which indeed influences the growth of children， the efficiency of our work and the stability of our society and family. And I have to admit that people should make considerate plans before changing their places and may not transfer aimlessly and frequently. But I think sometimes it is just all the friction that has made the world wealthier and more beautiful. Therefore， I still think it is better to travel around than to live in one place.
托福写作模板参考二：
There are advantages and disadvantages to a childhood in either the country or a city. It's hard to say which is better. Growing up in the country means a certain amount of isolation. You're in a small town or on a farm and not with a lot of people. Even more important， the people you meet every day tend to be just like you. Most will be the same race as you， have the same background as you， and will have gone to the same schools as you. In the city， the people you meet are all different. There are different races and different cultures. You get a more interesting mix.
City people tend to come from a lot of different places and move around a lot. So， there isn't the sense of community in the city that you have in the country. People in the city can live in the same apartment building for twenty years and never get to know their neighbors. In the country， everybody knows everybody. For a child， this means the country is more secure. A child can get lost or hurt in the city and have no one to turn to. In the country， everyone's a neighbor. People in the country feel connected to each other.
A child growing up in the city has the advantage of a lot of interesting and exciting places to visit. He or she can go to the zoo， museums， art galleries and concerts. There are a lot of restaurants with different kinds of food. It's easy to see every new movie that comes out. Children in the country don't have a lot of these activities nearby.
All in all， I think a childhood in the city is better because it prepares you more for what real life is like.
托福写作模板：不是所有知识都在书中
It has been said, “Not everything that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?
托福写作模板范文参考：
Books are considered to be the source of all knowledge, but all that one learns through a book is only of theoretical nature in the form of ideas and concepts. It is essential to utilize them in a real environment and experience the knowledge that is learned from books.
Learning is nothing but understanding the world around us. Books, no doubt are a great source of knowledge as it gives us an idea about a particular subject in detail. But all that one could learn from it is limited to the level of knowing how a certain phenomenon occurs, or how a certain concept works. The knowledge gained through books alone cannot help anyone, because what one learns through the books should be put in to use to harvest the benefits. For instance, a person who wants to learn driving can go through various manuals and guides that teach people how to drive, but all this knowledge is useful only when you are actually driving the car on the roads. It would be an utter waste of time if one just reads the books and does not use them for practical purpose.
Learning through experience is always a lot different from learning through books. Let us consider the same example of a person wanting to learn to drive: even if he goes through every book that is available on driving, still it cannot qualify him as an expert driver. This is because of the fact that books about driving can only teach people traffic rules and provide solutions on how to handle certain situations. The situations faced by a driver could be totally different from what he had learnt from a book. Sometimes we find that the real environment is quite different from the one perceived by us through reading books. This is the very reason why, even in educational institutions, all theoretical classes are followed by practical sessions.
Learning through experience can also be more effective than learning through books because one does not envision everything on his own, but is given a chance to experience the reality. The art of driving can be enjoyed only when we are behind the wheels and not when reading it in books. Moreover, any book is actually an account of past experiences, i.e.it is based on the experiences of people who tried to develop a new idea. The books are their experiences, telling us what they already have tried. Thus from their experiences we can correct ourselves and thus save valuable time and resources. It helps us to concentrate on their failures and to correct them, but they alone cannot teach us everything we need to know. The knowledge learned through books alone cannot help us to face all the exigencies that we would face in real life situations; we have to practice on our own.
Books are like a guiding light in one's pursuit for knowledge. But it is left to everyone of us to experience it first hand and learn new things for the betterment of their lives. So the notion experience is the best teacher“ is perfectly true.
托福写作模板：电视破坏人际沟通吗
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television has destroyed communication among friends and family. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
托福写作模板范文参考：
To agree or disagree with the statement that television has destroyed the communication among family and friends is a matter of balancing its pros and cons. However, if one considers the following reasons, he or she may disagree with the title statement as I do.
First, some people may hold the view that friends and family would easily fight with each other for the programs on the television that he or she wants to watch. For example, the child may be likely to switch to the cartoon channel while the father wants to see the news program, and the mother prefers a romantic movie. However, as far as I am concerned, the scenario is an exaggeration. I do not think such a trivial quarrel would destroy anything important, and as friends or family, the one result is to attribute to the communication. Each person would present their reasons for watching the program, so that next time they would not argue for the same thing again. They know the taste of each number of the family and they will probably try to avoid such conflicts.
In addition, television offers us numerous topics to talk about. Television informs us of what is happening around the world. Everybody has his/her own reaction towards these events. Without television, we may hold the idea that no one would have the chance to share. When the friends and the whole family sit together in front of a television, a nice and intimate atmosphere is provided for communication. Through such kind of communication, family members can understand each other better. A small example may give some light to this point. Once I had some disagreement and had not talked to my dad for several days. One night, when my dad and I were watching television together, we found an interesting topic that both of us wanted to say something about it, so we said a little first and talk much later and all the unpleasant disappear out of existence.
So, in my point of view, nothing has been destroyed by television. On the contrary it might improve our communication.
篇2：托福阅读考试题目解释说明
1. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mined the desired effect success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun – as an actor might.
戴着面具身着盛装的人们，经常扮演各种其他人物、动物或超自然生灵，并且作为一个扮演者所能做的，就是期盼一个在狩猎或战役中获胜、降雨的来临，阳光的重现的结果。
篇3：托福阅读考试题目解释说明
3.A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame, and steel wire of the finest quality, finally produced an instruments capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound, from a liquid, singing tone to a ship, percussive brilliance.
十九世纪一系列持续的机械进步，包括踏板的传入、金属结构的完善和钢丝最完美的质量，最后产生了一种能容纳无数音调-从最精致的和弦到一个成熟管弦的声音或从一个清澈的歌声到辉煌的敲击乐的效果-的乐器。
篇4：托福阅读考试题目解释说明
4.Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1972 as “silent”, the film has never been, in the full sense of the word, silent.
虽然我们习惯于谈到1972年以前的电影是无声的，但用一句完全感性的话来说电影从来就不是没有声音的。
篇5：托福阅读考试题目解释说明
2.But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.
但是这些事实不能解释这个令人感兴趣的问题，就是为什么在一个特殊的靠近他们出生的地方如此的集中了这么多怀孕的鱼龙。
篇6：托福阅读解题技巧之表格题目
托福阅读解题技巧之表格题目
IBT阅读中的表格题是新题型，同时在IBT听力部分也出现了。与听力部分不同的是，IBT阅读部分的表格题既包括了对全文重点内容的发问又包括了对全文主题和结论发问。它们以对比表格和总结表格的形式出现。相对于听力表格题来说，阅读部分的难度系数更大一些。在IBT阅读的3篇文章中有两个此类问题，且通常是文章最后一道题目，为2分。
一、表格题分为两大类：总结表格题和对比表格题。
1、总结表格题
相对而言， 总结表格题的出现频率要高于对比表格题，这是由它们自身特点，出题方式和原文是否具备对比对照关系这三方面的因素决定的。
2、题的出题模式有两种：
一种是针对全文内容出题，答案由全文的主题，细节和重点支持段落的概述三部分组成。另外一种是针对文章中的重点支持性段落出题，答案由这些重点支持性段落主题，段落结论，以及重点支持性例子的概述三部分组成。这里我们重点看第一种出题模式。
我们来看一个例子，
The Atlantic Cod Fishery
Off the northeastern shore of North America, from the island of Newfoundland in Canada south to new England in the United States, there is a series of shallow areas called banks. Several large banks off Newfoundland are together called Grand Banks, huge shoals on the edge of North American continental shelf, where the warm waters of the Gulf Stream meet the cold waters of Labrador Current. As the currents brush each other, they stir up mineral from the ocean floor, providing nutrients for plankton and tiny shrimp-like creatures called krill, which feed on the plankton. Herring and other small fish rise to the surface to eat the krill. Groundfish, such as the Atlantic cod, live in the ocean’s bottom layer, congregating in the shallow waters where they prey on krill and small fish. This rich environment has produced cod by the millions and once had a greater density of cod than anywhere else on Earth.
Beginning in the eleventh century, boats from the ports of north western Europe arrived to fish the Grand Banks. For the next eight centuries, the entire Newfoundland economy taking fish back to European markets. Cod laid out to dry on wooden “flakes” was a common sight in the fishing villages dotting the coast. Settlers in the region used to think the only sea creature worth talking about was cod, and in the local speech the word “fish” became synonymous with cod. Newfoundland’s national dish was a pudding whose main ingredient was cod.
By the nineteenth century, the Newfoundland fishery was largely controlled by merchants based in the capital at St. John’s. They marketed the catch supplied by the fishers working out of more than 600 villages around the long coastline. In return, the merchants provided fishing equipment, clothing, and all the food that could not be grown in the island’s thin, rocky soil. This system kept the fishers in a continuous state of debt and dependence on the merchants.
托福阅读真题100篇原文+题目1
PASSAGE 19
The principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century.
In the early colonial days in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New England and Middle Atlantic states in the United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest to England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (assets such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported. Merchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials prior to export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.
This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations, rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable streams and each had a wharf accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have its front on a water highway.
When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning had weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms.
Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.
(B) The evolution of cities in North America
(C) Trade between North American and European cities
(D) The effects of the United Sates' independence on urban growth in New England.
2. The word they in line 4 refers to
(A) North American colonies
(B) cities
(C) centuries
(D) town economies
3. The passage compares early European and North American cities on the basis of which of the
following?
(A) Their economic success
(B) The type of merchandise they exported
(C) Their ability to distribute goods to interior settlements
(D) The pace of their development
4. The word accordingly in line 11 is closest in meaning to
(A) as usual
(B) in contrast
(C) to some degree
(D) for that reason
5. According to the passage , early colonial cities were established along the Atlantic coastline of
North America due to
(A) an abundance of natural resources
(B) financial support from colonial governments
(C) proximity to parts of Europe
(D) a favorable climate
6. The passage indicates that during colonial times, the Atlantic coastline cities prepared which of
the following for shipment to Europe?
(A) Manufacturing equipment
(B) Capital goods
(C) Consumer goods
(D) Raw materials
7. According to the passage , all of the following aspects of the plantation system influenced the
growth of southern cities EXCEPT the
(A) location of the plantations
(B) access of plantation owners to shipping
(C) relationships between plantation residents and city residents
(D) economic self-sufficiency of the plantations
8. It can be inferred from the passage that, in comparison with northern cities, most southern
cities were
(A) more prosperous
(B) smaller
(C) less economically self-sufficient
(D) tied less closely to England than to France
9. The word recorded in line 26 is closest in meaning to
(A) imagined
(B) discovered
(C) documented
(D) planned
10. The word drawing in line 28 is closest in meaning to
(A) attracting
(B) employing
(C) instructing
(D) representing
11. The passage mentions the period following the Civil War (line 29) because it was a time of
(A) significant obstacles to industrial growth
(B) decreased dependence on foreign trade
(C) increased numbers of people leaving employment on farms
(D) increased migration from northern states to southern states
答案：BBDDC DCBCA C
托福阅读真题100篇原文+题目2
PASSAGE 20
(25)
In seventeenth-century colonial North America, all day-to-day cooking was done in the fireplace. Generally large, fireplaces were planned for cooking as well as for warmth. Those in the Northeast were usually four or five feet high, and in the South, they were often high enough for a person to walk into. A heavy timber called the mantel tree was used as a lintel to support the stonework above the fireplace opening. This timber might be scorched occasionally, but it was far enough in front of the rising column of heat to be safe from catching fire.
Two ledges were built across from each other on the inside of the chimney. On these rested the ends of a lug pole from which pots were suspended when cooking. Wood from a freshly cut tree was used for the lug pole, so it would resist heat, but it had to be replaced frequently because it dried out and charred, and was thus weakened. Sometimes the pole broke and the dinner fell into the fire. When iron became easier to obtain, it was used instead of wood for lug poles, and later fireplaces had pivoting metal rods to hang pots from.
Beside the fireplace and built as part of it was the oven. It was made like a small, secondary fireplace with a flue leading into the main chimney to draw out smoke. Sometimes the door of the oven faced the room, but most ovens were built with the opening facing into the fireplace. On baking days (usually once or twice a week) a roaring fire of oven wood, consisting of brown maple sticks, was maintained in the oven until its walls were extremely hot. The embers were later removed, bread dough was put into the oven, and the oven was sealed shut until the bread was fully baked.
Not all baking was done in a big oven, however. Also used was an iron bake kettle, which looked like a stewpot on legs and which had an iron lid. This is said to have worked well when it was placed in the fireplace, surrounded by glowing wood embers, with more embers piled on its lid.
1. Which of the following aspects of domestic life in colonial North America does the passage
mainly discuss?
(A) methods of baking bread
(B) fireplace cooking
(C) the use of iron kettles in a typical kitchen
(D) the types of wood used in preparing meals
2. The author mentions the fireplaces built in the South to illustrate
(A) how the materials used were similar to the materials used in northeastern fireplaces
(B) that they served diverse functions
(C) that they were usually larger than northeastern fireplaces
(D) how they were safer than northeastern fireplaces
3. The word scorched in line 6 is closest in meaning to
(A) burned
(B) cut
(C) enlarged
(D) bent
4. The word it in line 6 refers to
(A) the stonework
(B) the fireplace opening
(C) the mantel tree
(D) the rising column of heat
5. According to the passage , how was food usually cooked in a pot in the seventeenth century?
(A) By placing the pot directly into the fire
(B) By putting the pot in the oven
(C) By filling the pot with hot water
(D) By hanging the pot on a pole over the fire
6. The word obtain in line 12 is closest in meaning to
(A) maintain
(B) reinforce
(C) manufacture
(D) acquire
7. Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 2 as a disadvantage of using a wooden lug
pole?
(A) It was made of wood not readily available.
(B) It was difficult to move or rotate.
(C) It occasionally broke.
(D) It became too hot to touch.
8. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that, compared to other firewood, oven wood produced
(A) less smoke
(B) more heat
(C) fewer embers
(D) lower flames
9. According to paragraph 3, all of the following were true of a colonial oven EXCEPT:
(A) It was used to heat the kitchen every day.
(B) It was built as part of the main fireplace.
(C) The smoke it generated went out through the main chimney.
(D) It was heated with maple sticks.
10. According to the passage , which of the following was an advantage of a bake kettle?
(A) It did not take up a lot of space in the fireplace.
(B) It did not need to be tightly closed.
(C) It could be used in addition to or instead of the oven.
(D) It could be used to cook several foods at one time.
答案：BCACD DCBAA
篇7：托福阅读提升攻略之做阅读题目需要看完文章吗
托福阅读提升攻略丨做阅读题目需要看完文章吗?
一.为什么有人倡导不读文章直接做题
在托福阅读考试中，不需要看文章，只要找到题目对应的答案就可以做对题目。”这个逻辑看起来是自洽的，而且学生在听老师讲的时候非常容易接受，因为这迎合了大多数人希望不劳而获的本能性想法。
面对一个让自己很头疼的考试，突然有人告诉你不需要读文章，只需要找对某个局部对应点就可以得分，很难说这不是一件让人喜出望外的事情。如果有人告诉你一个“不需要背单词就可以把考试搞定”的方法，你会更愿意接受的，不是么?
为了让这个说法显得更加合理和有权威性，他们还会使用如下的说法来强化自己的理论：
1. 某种考试，文章读懂了，题目反而做不对;
2. 考试的阅读和平常的阅读不一样，只要得分就可以，不需要读懂;
3. 很多人在考试的时候是无法在规定时间做完题目的，所以要用这种方法来提高做题的效率。
4. 我教过多少学生，他们用这种方法确实得了好成绩。
看到这里，你有没有一种自己已经被说服了的感觉呢?如果有的话，你就不会奇怪为什么这种说法会存在，并且还一直被人相信了。
我们姑且先假设这种方法是对的，那么，考生在做题以前是没有读过全文的，直接看每一个题目，按照题目中提示回到原文来定位答案，并且根据所读的内容来选择出答案。在不考虑阅读能力差异的情况下，这种方法有效的前提条件是：
(1)所有题目答案都与文章整体结构和段落关系无关;
(2)题目中有对答案所在位置的明确指示。
现在，我们可以查阅《新托福官方指南》一书，都可以找到在题型分类中有一种叫做“Prose Summary”，还有一种叫做“Filling the Table”的题目类型，其题目测试要求描述中都有关于文章结构的内容，所以(1)不成立。此外，还有一种叫做“Rhetoric Purpose”的题目类型中，也包含了对于段落关系的考核，再次证明(1)不成立。
此外，除了“Prose Summary”和“Filling the Table ”，至少还有“Rhetoric Purpose”、“Negative Factual Information”和“Inference”三类题目，不会明确表明答案的位置，所以(2)不成立。既然(1)和(2)都不成立，那么自然这种方法就肯定是不正确的了，因为它和命题者的基本要求相违背。
二.根据题目找答案的方法是否有效
托福阅读考试中的确有一些题目类型的测试内容是“局部”性的，比如 “Factual Information”类型的题目，它的目的是为了检测考生是否对某些重要信息和关系完成了认知和理解，所以，ETS明确指出，它的答案只会和文章中的一部分内容有关。所以，这种类型题目的存在原本就和文章整体结构以及段落关系无关，所以，需要做的只是对应到正确的点，然后读懂，选出答案就行了。
那么，如果直接看题找答案，是否能做对的关键就取决于“是否能找对答案所在的位置”了。当考生缺乏对文章的整体认识时，考生的定位和选择是随机的，也就是说，找得到或者找不到，以及花多少时间找到，靠的是运气。举例来说，给你一张北京市的地图，在你对北京市完全不了解的情况下，让你去找海淀区的娘娘府在哪儿，你是否能找到，以及花多少时间能找到，就是靠运气决定的。
所以，总有一些运气不错的人，会“感觉”这种方法是有效的，这也可以解释为什么有的人这次觉得好用，下次觉得不好用的现象。
推崇这种方法的人往往会认为，考生在规定时间内是无法读完文章并且正确完成题目的，所以，这些考生需要用这种“技巧”来帮助自己获得高分。
三.提升阅读速度可以读完文章再做题
其实给学生5分钟时间，让学生阅读一篇真题的文章，要求不能查字典，并且不能跳过任何一句话。在这种情况下，绝大多数学生完成率可以超过80%，也就是说，如果时间放宽到8分钟，所有人都可以读完。
在这种情况下，如果假设文章理解没有问题，做完所有题目只需要最多10分钟。而托福考试一篇文章的时间要求是20分钟，谁说学生在规定时间内读不完?毫不客气地说，这些人主观上构建了一个“学生读不完”的假设，来提供给学生一个虚假的解决方案。
但是在这种情况下，学生还是会出现做不对题的情况，原因是什么呢?很简单，学生虽然读完了文字，但是对文字的理解并不好，这里涉及到了单词、句法、文章结构认知、关系理解、记忆效率等方面的问题。而这些问题的解决方案，才是老师应该教给学生的内容，而不是“直接看题找答案来提高效率”这种正确率随机的方法。
说到这里，我想大家应该很清楚如下几点了：
1. 按照ETS的官方描述，看题目找答案的方式会有解决不了的题目(而且还包括了多选题);
2. 看题目找答案的时间消耗和正确率是随机的;
3. 在规定时间内完成题目并非难事，关键是教会学生如何提高理解的准度和效率;
到这里，那种方法的支持者们又会说了：我在看题目找答案的过程中，可以顺便了解文章，这样就可以解决文章结构理解不好的问题了。好，我们姑且认为这种说法是对的，并且也确实做到了，那么这和先读完文章再做题有什么区别呢?
这和中药里面加西药成分最后却号称中药有效不是一个逻辑吗?而事实是，大多数人在这样的离散化信息获取过程中，是很难把握文章的逻辑框架和结构的，因为思维被反复阻断，即便是用自己的母语写成的文章也会在认知上有困难，更何况是用英文写成的文章?
所以，结果就是，考生在大脑中留下了一堆信息碎片，最后无法组织到一起。有同学会问，为什么老师在讲的时候头头是道呢?因为他备课的时候已经读过全文了嘛。
四.读完文章再做题有哪些优势
实际上，考试阅读和普通阅读的唯一区别在于，考试阅读要你做题，而平常的普通阅读不需要。但是，考试的阅读考的内容是什么呢?还是拿托福阅读为例，ETS在官方文档中讲得很清楚：词汇和语法、文章的主要观点和重要信息、观点之间的相对重要程度、观点之间的关系、所有观点的组织结构。
那么，我们仔细想想，这些东西是不是平时阅读的时候也需要获得的东西呢?显然是的。所以，从阅读本身的要求来说，考试阅读和普通阅读并没任何区别。
既然如此，要做对题目的前提就必须是：读懂文章。反之，如果是题目做错了，也必然是文章的某个局部内容、关系，或者全局的关系理解出现了问题，抑或是逻辑推理出现了问题，而考生需要训练的，是如何修正问题并且提高阅读能力的方法。
托福阅读：指代题型举例分析
无论是OG还是Delta，都把阅读的题目分成十类，即：Understanding Facts and Details, Identifying Negative Facts, Locating Referents, Understanding Vocabulary in Context, Making Inferences, Determining Purposes, Recognizing Paraphrases(Simplifying sentences), Recognizing Coherence(Sentence inserting), Summarizing Important Ideas and Organizing information.
还有很重要的一点，做题的时候，无论考试还是练习，不光要分析对的选项为什么对，更要分析错的选项为什么错。有时候分析错误的原因更为重要。有助于你把握出题的思路，培养感觉。这是非常有用的。
三、指代定位
顾名思义，这种题是要问考生文中的代词具体指代的是什么丁冬，说专业点叫做先行词antecedent.基本可以分为四类。第一是人称代词或者物主代词，如I，you，our，mine;第二类是从句中的引导词，如what，which，who;第三类是指示代词，this，that(包括其指示的名词，如问this reason， that purpose之类的);第四类是其他的代词，all，most，some，many，the former，the latter之类。代词需要遵循的首要原则是就近原则。从前面找离它较近的那个词。找到以后把意义代回到原句中看合适不合适就可以了。OG还特别强调了，注意先行词和代词必须人称、单复数一致。总体来说这种题难度都不大。
用OG上的几个例子说明：
先行词，先行词，顾名思义，一般应该在代词前面。根据就近原则就找出来postal service.代回去看看合适不合适，A，distribution有65个office;B销售有65个office，C报纸有65个office，D，邮政服务有65个office.其他几个都太荒诞了。这种题难度相对不大，也就不多说了。
托福阅读答题如何做到精准
1、不读完文章，直接做题。这种方法相当于瞎子摸象，对文章只有局部而主观的认知，整个文章的概念是根本无法获得的。以自己的思想去猜测文章大意，很多时候会偏离主旨。所以，这种不看文章直接做题的方法是极其危险的。
2、一字不漏地细读文章，再做题。如果你的阅读速度超群，或者这篇文章你很熟悉，那这样做未尝不可。但是一般来说，采用细读会导致做题时间严重不足。要知道，阅读理解测试的不止是理解，更是速度。
3、词汇题迷信自己的记忆。在做词汇题时，许多考生认为做不对题与自己的词汇量有关，认识单词能做对，不认识单词就会做错。事实上，那些认识的单词经常做错，不认识的单词反而能做对。原因是，做不认识单词时，考生往往会仔细研读词汇题的上下文，力求在上下文中突破。而做认识单词时，忽略上下文的重要性，往往是装模作样的看一下上下文，便匆匆做出抉择。所以，做好词汇题关键在于透彻分析上下文所要表达的涵义。
从题型来看，TOEFL阅读的特点是题量大，涉及的词汇面广。要想考好阅读，要求考生不光有扎实的英语基础，还需要精准的做题策略。
第一步：花两三分钟时间扫描每篇文章头一两个句子，做一个简短的scanning，定位文章难易程度，以及了解文章大致主题。虽然平均每篇文章做题时间为11分钟，但是有的文章七八分钟便可以轻松对付，有的文章则需要15分钟左右，所以这其中的时间安排就需要考生自主调节。一般来说，5篇文章中有2篇难度大一些，按部就班做题就有可能因时间不够而做错好几道题甚至是来不及做，带来巨大的损失。因此首先定位文章难易程度，同时目测文章的题量分布，这有助于科学分配阅读部分的做题时间，是非常必要的。
教师在线指导，如何备考托福阅读考试
第二步：通过阅读文章结构来进一步进行scanning。所谓结构，即文章的骨架子。 TOEFL文章涉及人文社科和自然科学，大多是结构明确的议论文、说明文，它们最显著的特点是呈板块结构。 TOEFL文章均由数个自然段组成，正确的阅读文章的方法应该是把文章首句先吃透，文章首句经常为文章主题，然后把首段的其他句子尽快略读，文章其他段落采取同样的方法阅读。各段落其他句子一般来说都是用来说明各个段落的主题句，同时也应该看一下第二句，如果有转折词，则此时第二句才是这一段的主旨。没有必要每个句子都理解，很多时候这样做无疑是白白浪费时间。以最快捷的方式了解文章大意，从而正确引导下一步做具体的题，而不至于出现大方向的理解错误。而自始至终考生应该遵循这条原则：看完文章，才能开始做题。
做题时，考生们应该明白以下道理：
1、有据可循。每篇文章题目都根据文章布局一步一步向前推进，即使有个别题打乱文章布局，在题干里总是有提供信息的关键词将考生带入文章的具体部位。
2、回归原文。做题时，根据题干或选项的关键词回归文章寻找重现关键词或其释义的语言区域，同时排除相应的选项。
3、整句分析。遇到难句子时，应该对其进行句子结构分析，排除修饰成分，寻找主干部分，从而迅速把握整个句子的意思，不要盯着单个的词不放，不然就会因小失大。
4、基于事实。每个问题的四个选项或者是对文章中相关部分的正确释度、或者是歪曲原文、或者与原文毫不相干。换句话说，命题专家在设置试题时会玩一些文字游戏，用各种表达形式让考生晕头转向、雾里看花。考生应该明白自己的职责是辨别真伪，找到符合文章意思和题意的选项。
托福阅读背景知识之给小费的文化
It's every traveler's nightmare. The porter brings your bags to yourroom and helpfully explains how to access CNN. He shows you how to turn on thelights and adjust the air-conditioner. Then he points to the phone and says:”If there's anything else you need, just call.“ All this time, you'vebeen thinking one thing: ”How much should I tip this guy?“ Out ofdesperation you shove a few banknotes into his hand, hoping that you're neithergiven too much or too little.
对于每一位旅行者来说，这都像是一场噩梦。行李员把你的行李搬到房间，向你解释如何收看CNN，告诉你怎么开灯，怎麽把空调调好。然后他指着电话说：“如果你还需要什么，请打电话。”而你却一直在反复思考着一件事：“我到底该给这家伙多少小费?”最终，你近乎绝望地把几张钞票塞进他手里，心中暗暗希望你给的小费不多也不少。
It's difficult to divine what constitutes an appropriate tip in anycountry. In Japan, if you leave a couple of coins on the table, the waiter maychase after you to return your forgotten change. In New York, on the otherhand, if you leave less than 15%, your reservation might not hold up next time.Asia, with its multiplicity of cultures and customs, is a particularlydifficult terrain. To make your next trip a little easier, here's a guide totipping across the region:
知道在每一个国家该给多少小费并不容易。在日本，如果你在桌上留下几个硬币，侍应生会追着还给你留下的零钱。在纽约则恰恰相反。如果你给的小费少于消费额的15%，那么下次你预定的桌子可能就会被人占去。由于亚洲各国文化和风俗习惯差异较大，因此在这里给小费格外困难。为了让你下次旅行较为顺利，我们向你提供一些在这一地区给小费的窍门。
Bangkok In general, the more Westernized the place is, the morelikely you'll be expected to leave a gratuity. Some top-end restaurants willadd a 10% service charge to the bill. If not, waiters will appreciate youtacking on the 10% yourself. However, if you're eating at a downscalerestaurant a tip is not necessary. If you're staying at one of Bangkok's manyfive-star establishments, expect to tip the porter 20 to 50 baht, depending onhow many bags you have. Taxis are now metered in Bangkok. Local custom is toround the fare up to the nearest five baht.
曼谷总的说来，一个地方西化的程度越高，你就越有可能需要给小费。有些高级的饭店会在帐单里加收10%的服务费。如果没有的话，侍者会感激你自己附上那10%。不过，如果你在一家低档次的餐馆就餐，就没有必要给小费。如果你住在曼谷的某家五星级饭店，就请准备付给搬运工20到50铢，具体的数目得依你的行李多少而定。如今曼谷的出租车都打表计程，当地的惯例是把车费凑整到最近的五铢的倍数。
Hong Kong Gratuity is customary in this money-mad metropolis. Mostrestaurants automatically add a 10% service charge to the bill, but thesurcharge often ends up in the pocket of the owner. If the service is good, addanother 10% to the bill, up to HK$100 in an especially nice restaurant. ForHK$10 hotel porters should do it at all but the nicest hotels where a new HK$20bill may be more acceptable. When in a taxi, round up to the nearest dollar.
香港在这个金钱至上的大都市里，给小费是司空见惯的。大多餐馆自动在帐单里加了10%的服务费，但这笔额外的收入最后却常常落到雇主手里。如果服务质量好的话，在帐单里再加上10%，而在一个极好的饭馆里，小费可以多达100港币。对于旅馆的搬运工来说，港币10元的小费已足够，不过在最好的一些饭店，20港币可能更受欢迎。坐出租车的话，凑够最近的整数给钱。
Jakarta Tipping is not part of local culture, but internationalinfluences have turned some Westernized palms upward in search of a few extrarupiah. A 10% service charge is added at most high-end restaurants. Atmoderately priced restaurants, 5,000 rupiah should do it. If the service issuperb, tack on an extra 1,000 or so. At hotels, porters ask for a few hundredrupiah for each bag. While most taxi drivers will automatically round up to thenext 500 rupiah.
雅加达给小费原本不是当地文化的一部分，但是国际性的影响使得一些西化的人们盼望多得一些钱。大多数高级饭店里已附加10%的服务费。在价格中等的饭店，给5,000卢比的小费就已足够——如果服务极好，也可以再多给大约l,000卢比。在旅馆，要让搬运工搬一件行李就得给几百卢比。大多数出租车司机会自动把收费加到最近的500卢比的整数。
Kuala Lumpur Like Indonesia, tipping in Malaysia is confined to thepricier Westernized joints, which often add a 10% service charge to your mealor hotel room. If you are at a hotel restaurant, expect a 10% service charge.But at local restaurants, there's no need to add a gratuity. At five-starhotels, one or two ringgit will suffice a porter. At lower-end establishments,don't feel compelled to tip. Like Bangkok, many taxis are now metered, so youcan just round up to the nearest ringgit.
吉隆坡像在印度尼西亚—样，在马来西亚给小费也仅限于那些价格较高的西式场所。在那里，一般在就餐或旅馆房间的费用之外附加10%的服务费。如果你在饭店的餐厅就餐，也得准备给10%的服务费。但在当地的饭馆里，却没有必要附加小费。在五星级饭店，给搬运工一两个林吉特就足够了。在低档次的饭店，不一定非给小费不可。像曼谷一样，许多出租车都计程，所以只要凑足最近的整数就行。
Manila Tipping is common in Manila, and anything above 10% will gainyou undying loyalty. At restaurants, even if a service charge is included,custom dictates adding another 5%-10% to the bill. Hotel porters should berewarded with 20 pesos per bag. Most taxicabs are metered, and rounding up tothe next five pesos is a good rule of thumb.
马尼拉在马尼拉给小费是很平常的事。只要付10%以上的服务费就能换宋忠心耿耿的服务。在餐馆里，即使就餐费用里已经包括服务费，按一般惯例，还得在帐单里再加上5%到10%。旅馆的搬运工每搬一件行李要给20个比索。大多数的出租车是打表计程的，把车费凑整到最近的五比索准保没错。
Seoul Tipping is not part of Korean culture, although it has becomea matter of course in international hotels where a 10% service charge is oftenadded. If you are at a Korean barbecue joint, there's no need to add anythingextra. But a sleek Italian restaurant may require a 10% contribution. If youare at a top-end hotel, international standards apply, so expect to pay500-1,000 won per bag. Taxi drivers don't expect a tip. Keep the change foryourself.
汉城给小费不是韩国文化的一部分，尽管在国际饭店里收取10%的服务费似乎是理所当然的一件事。如果你去一个吃韩国烧烤的地方，那么没有必要付额外的费用。但是在一个雅致的意大利餐馆就餐，可能就要多付10%的小费。如果你下榻的是最高级饭店，就要按国际规范行事。所以搬一件行李的小费大概是500到1,000韩元。不用给出租车司机小费，找的零钱你自己留着好了。
Singapore According to government mandate in the Lion City, tippingis not permitted. It's basically outlawed at Changi Airport and officialsencourage tourists not to add to the 10% service charge that many high-endhotels tack on to the bill. At restaurants, Singaporeans tend not to leavetips. Nicer restaurants do sometimes levy a 10% service charge. Hotel staff isthe one exception to the no-tipping rule. As a general guide, SSI should beadequate for baggage-lugging service. Taxi drivers don't expect gratuity, butthey won't refuse it.
新加坡根据狮城政府的规定，给小费是不允许的。在樟宜国际机场，这种行为基本上是违法的。官员们鼓励游客拒绝支付一些高级饭店附加在帐单上的 10%的服务费。在饭馆就餐时，新加坡人一般都不留小费。一些好的饭馆有时也以征税的形式收取10%的服务费。饭店员工是不收小费原则的唯一例外。一般的准则是，如有人帮你搬运行李，给一新元就够了。出租车司机是不指望拿小费的，但你要给他们，他们也不会拒绝。
Taipei Like Japan and China, Taiwan is not a tipping society-eventhough much of the currency seems to come in coin form. Tipping is not expectedin restaurants. However, that rule is changing as American-style eateriesintroduce Western ways. Hotel staff won't be overly offended if you don't tip.Gratuity is not expected in taxicabs.
台北就像日本和中国大陆一样，台湾不是一个给小费的社会——尽管大量货币是以硬币的形式出现。饭馆里不用给小费。不过，随着一些美式餐馆引进西方做法，这一原则也在改变。饭店的员工如果没有得到你的小费的话，也不会觉得大受冒犯。坐出租车也不需要给小费。
同一件事在不同的背景文化下人们的反应也会有所不同，所以想要求学或定居海外的考生一定要了解这种常识，否则容易产生误解甚至纠纷。最后，预祝大家取得满意的托福阅读成绩。
篇8：托福阅读高分攻略
托福阅读高分攻略 把握这5点得高分不再难
虽然大陆考生都很擅长做英语阅读，但是托福阅读的考试难度不低，所以想要取得高分也不容易。那么托福阅读究竟怎么样才能拿到高分呢?国内很多考生没有长期阅读英文长文章的习惯，也不经常去读一些报纸和杂志，所以阅读的能力相对于托福要求的阅读能力还有一定的差距。把握下面这5点，托福阅读高分不是梦!
1.语法一定要过关
基本语法知识是要了解的。新托福阅读考试是一项比较全面的考察学生英语能力的内容，所以从词汇开始，一直到句子已经篇章都有对应的考题类型去考察。但是要理解句子的含义，光是词汇认识也不一定能完全搞清楚，有的时候需要通过语法知识去分析。这种语法在很多题型中有所体现。例如指代题，要分析代词所指的先行词是哪个，有时就要通过句子主谓宾成分的分析才能找到。
2.词汇基础要扎实
新托福阅读有一个很大的特色就是有专门考察单词的题型，也就是词汇题。从文章中抽出一个单词，给四个选项，让考生选择与这个单词词义最接近最符合的。这些词汇是没有一个大纲让考生去背的，只有靠考生平时自己大量的词汇积累，尤其是一些学术学科的词汇。
3. 快速阅读很重要
新托福阅读考试每篇的时间是规定为20分钟，除了看长篇的文章外，还有11或13道题目的内容，所以时间是非常紧张的，因此在阅读的时候速度就很关键。提醒考生要改掉一些阅读的坏习惯，例如逐字阅读，出声阅读，或者指着阅读等，这样的习惯只会拖慢阅读的速度。所以快速阅读能力在考试中是非常重要的，读的时候要以意群来看。
4. 归纳总结能力
新托福阅读的最后一大题都是以全文意思的归纳为基础才能完成的，尤其是summary，考察的就是考生对文章的整体把握。因此考生在平时练习的时候一定要注意对文章段落的归纳，能够在较短的时间内把文章段落的中心大意读出来，然后进行总结，最后选择出最能代表文章中心含义的内容。如果能在平时就注重归纳能力的培养，那么考试的时候就不用害怕summary这种归纳概括性的题型了。
5. 注意逻辑关系词
英语句子的理解很多时候是要去理解其逻辑关系的，常见的逻辑关系有并列(and, as well)，比较(than, as….as)，因果(because, so, therefore, thus, result from)，递进(also, furthermore)，转折(but, however, yet)等等。句子内有这些逻辑关系，句子和句子之间也有这些逻辑关系，这样才能理清整篇文章的脉络，去完成例如句子简化，插入句子这类题型。
大家在平时的阅读练习中一定要注意把握好以上5点。托福阅读是基础和技巧两方面的提升，重基础也要学技巧。基础打好阅读才能读懂，技巧练熟才能又快又准地做题。托福阅读篇幅较长，大家在闲暇的时候可以多读一些英文杂志和报刊提升自己的阅读速度，也能扩充知识面。
以题为例，看托福阅读文章总结题的技巧
文章总结题的小技巧
考生在做托福阅读的时候，不可避免会碰上文章总结题。这种题型是必考题，托福大题，也常常是考生的“必错题”。对于想要拿高分的考生而言，解决这种题型，提高正确率，是一道必须越过的坎儿。
为什么容易错呢?因为这一类题型往往需要考生对文章整体所论述的内容有所了解。对于大多数经过方法论熏陶的托福考生而言，这与其他题型的解决方法是相悖的——很多学生即便是做完了前面的所有题目，也不太清楚这篇文章究竟在说什么，毕竟大多数题目只是考察文段中某个细节句子的内容，并不需要考生对整体有所了解。
所以，当考生在遇到最后一道题的时候，往往要回过头去，再把文章的内容整理一遍，归纳总结段落中心思想，以选出正确的答案。这样做下来，就会浪费大量的时间。而在每分每秒都无比珍贵的考场上，这样的时间浪费会给考生增加巨大的心理压力;对于本来就做不完题的考生，在面对最后一道题的时候，迫不得已，只好全凭印象，胡乱选择，甚至干脆放弃。总结题的错误率高，也是必然结果了。
那么，考生要如何应对总结题?
第一步
提前做好准备工作。在阅读文章的同时，我们要留个心眼，在专注处理细节的题目时，要同时理清楚文章的结构。托福阅读的文章都是信息类文本，大多都有一个固定的框架，即是我们在写作时经常会提到的“总-分”。一般来说，总结题给出来的题干句子会是整篇文章的总论点，而文章中每一段的组织架构，都是围绕着这个总论点的分论点来进行的。每读完一段，我们心中要有数：这一段论述的分论点是什么?它和总论点有什么关系?要记住，总结题往往考察的就是这些分论点内容。早早做好准备，能在很大程度上减少错误率，增加阅读效率。
第二步
第二步，做好排除法。在阅读总结题的题干和题目的时候，我们要特别留心每一句话的主干内容，并且牢记两点：1.题干句子的主干和选项句子的主干一定要一致;2.如果主语是细节信息，一般都是错误的，可以排除掉。什么意思呢?我们直接来看一道题。
The Ogallala aquifer is a large underground source of water in the High Plains region of the United States.Given the aquifer’s low recharge…Several solutions to the upcoming…
Answer choices
○The use of the Ogallala for irrigation has allowed the High Plains to become one of the most productive agricultural regions in the United States.
○ Given the aquifer’s low recharge rate, its use for irrigation is causing water tables to drop and will eventually lead to its depletion.
○ Releasing capillary water and introducing drought-resistant crops are less-promising solutions to the water supply crisis than bringing in river water
○ The periodic deepening of wells and the use of more-powerful pumps would help increase the natural recharge rate of the Ogallala.
○ In Texas, a great deal of attention is being paid to genetic engineering because it is there that the most critical situation exists.
○ Several solutions to the upcoming water supply crisis have been proposed, but none of them promises to keep the costs of irrigation low.
虽然完全没有读文段内容，但我们也可以基于一些规律，排除某些看着肯定错误的选项。首先，理解题干句子内容。这个句子即是整个文章核心内容的概括：介绍Ogallala Aquifer。正确的选项即是这个核心内容的分论点，也就是对其特性的具体介绍。我们先来定位每一句的主语，做一个主观上的判断。
第一个选项：主语为the use of Ogallala for irrigation，使用奥加拉拉蓄水层做灌溉，与奥加拉拉蓄水层有关系，保留。
第二个选项：主语为its，是形式主语，真正的主语是其指代对象aquifer’s use for irrigation, 与蓄水层有关系，保留。
第三个选项：主语为Releasing capillary water and introducing drought-resistant crops，与水层无关，而且提到了某种特别的水(capillary water)和某种特别的作物(drought-resistant crops)为细节内容，排除。
第四个选项：主语为The periodic deepening of wells and the use of more-powerful pumps，周期性的挖井和使用更加强大的泵，细节内容，与蓄水层不直接相关，排除。
第五个选项：主语为a great deal of attention，同理，排除。
第六个选项：主语为Several solutions，虽然没有出现Ogallala Aquifer，但是是解决aquifer供水紧张的方法。第一句和第二句全部都是在讲水层的使用，说明剩下的一句也应当与此相关。找到主干，发现这句讲的正是应对aquifer使用问题的解决方法。可以保留。
综合推断下来，保留的三个选项即是正确选项。
当然，必须要强调的是，这样子做题并不是万能的，也不一定能百分百选出正确选 项，不能盲目的靠这个猜测，不去阅读文段。
正确的做题步骤是：
首先，在做前面题目的时候，阅读文章要带着目的读，留心文章结构安排，总结每一段重点;
之后，仔细阅读总结题题干，明确题干内容，与之前阅读总结的重点相对应;
最后，运用排除法快速的排除某些选项，再根据剩余选项的题干来选择正确答案;时间若充足，还可一一核对，确保万无一失。
托福学习技巧 | 阅读篇
怎样抓住文间关系?
TOEFL阅读的文章经过分析基本可以划分为如下几个：因果关系、举例关系、转折关系、定义、特殊符号等。
因果关系是阅读中经常出现的，大家要注意因果词汇和句型，一般出现在文章各段首尾句或者全文的首尾句。表示因果的词汇有：because, since, for, as, therefore, so, consequently, cause,result in, originate from, base, basis, result, consequence等。
举例类型的题目是比较好找的，因为经常会出现such as ，for example等引导的短语或者句子。托福的阅读文章多是学术性的议论文,这样就会出现“论证结构”题目的设问方法为“文中某个例子的为了说明什么?”这类句子常考“推断性问题”和“细节性问题”For example, for instance, such as 是这类题型的标志，出现For example一定会有考题，但是出现for instance ,such as的地方不一定有考题与之对应。
表转折的词也并不是很多，例如：but, however, nevertheless ,rather than ,on the other hand 等，出现这种一般有两种情况：一是，有考题;二是，揭示文章主题。Nevertheless 是这几个词汇中出现考点率最高的，but 和 however次之。
定义题是比较难的，因为需要把握句子的上下文，然后需要靠自己的理解来采取就近原则选择答案。这种题型都是针对不好理解或者容易混淆的词，如果大家阅读的时候看到有定义，必定有考题。下定义的出题原则对应三种出题模式：行数题、正确答案是定义的改写，正确答案符合定义的例子。这里需要注意同位语及插入平行结构，带有破折号的地方：注意的信息点为 that is，i.e，or 等词汇引导的名词词组。一般会出“细节性题目”。
特殊符号在阅读中除了一些特殊的词好找之外，特殊符号也是需要大家重视的，有时候还能帮助大家迅速找到答案。
(1) 破折号，表示解释.考细节性问题
(2) 括号,表示解释.考细节性问题
(3) 冒号,一股同上，有时冒号也表示列举,则考”EXCEPT"题目
(4) 引号表示引用，考细节性问题，出现这个符号必有考题。引号的作用是引用和强调
(5) 惊叹号,表示作者感情,考态度性问题
TOEFL阅读题分类
1.factual information questions(事实信息题)定位原文：问题指明的段落，文章中的标志词(比如人名、地名、数字、年代、大写字、斜体字、带引号词、专业术语)或者问题中的关键词(比如核心名词、名词词组、动词、形容词，但在原文中可能出现形式为同义词，同根词，反义词)同义替换：定位原文具体句子，将选项与原文对比
2.Negative factual information questions(非事实信息题)看题干找关键词：文章中有关键词，定位原文，再将4选项和定位的原文句子作比较;如果没有关键词，可以定位于上一题对应段落的后面那个段阅读四个选项：题干中没有线索，阅读四选项，总结共同点进行定位，或根据每个选项中的关键词一一定位排除与原文相符的选项：将选项与原文比较，找出与原文矛盾或者未提及的
3.Inference questions(推理题)直接对比推理：题目若问其中一个事物的特征时，只要选项中的内容与题目在对比，那么直接删除此项时间对比推理：题目若问时间段的特征时，只要选项中的时间段与题目相反，那么直接删除此项集合概念推理：2个相对的方面。当一方比例减少，另一方比例增大，反之亦然
4.Rhetorical purpose questions(修饰目的题)段落关系(两个段落之间的关系)，比如第一段给出一个理论，第二段对这一理论进行论证(illustrate)或反驳(refute)例证(illustrate;explain;provide examples)，对比(contrast)，驳斥(refute;criticize;challenge;cast doubt on)
5.Vocabulary questions(词汇题)认识的词汇或短语(就题做题)：在选项中找出同义词或近义词，并放文中验证不认识的词汇或短语(推断做题)：根据词根词缀推断，根据上下文推断(找同义词反义词对应)短语意义的判断(找出短语中的中心词)： in relation to
6.Reference questions(指代题)就近代词：(可能在本句或者上一句)数格一致：指代对象的单复数;主格、宾格往前搜索：被指代的对象在代词之前，从句子后面开始搜索，若在句子前面，可从前一句开始找。
7.Sentence simplification questions(句子简化题)做题技巧：正确答案一般具有2个特征
a逻辑关系与原句一致
b基本意思与原句一致错误答案一般具有2个特征
a与被标识的句子相矛盾
b遗漏了被标识句子里的一些重要信息
8.Insert text questions(句子插入题)看选项，抓线索：看懂选项意思，找衔接手段。包括信号词，指示代词人称代词和核心词观前后，找特征：依据4选项，分析文中需要那种衔接插句子，定答案：阅读上下文，放入后是否连贯
9.Prose summary(总结题)注意主体结构：文章结构、段落主题排除干扰项：细节或者次要观点;原文没有提及;歪曲原文
10.Fill in the table(表格归类题)注意主体结构，利用笔记，参考已经做完的题目(之前的选项和题目可能是一个选项)，排除干扰项取胜5步：
a.观察表格中的分类，弄清两者区别
b.阅读各个选项，根据核心词定位原文，做笔记
c.根据文章中的内容与表格中的分类，在草稿纸上记录各个选项所属分类，不确定的标注问号
d.根据草稿记录，把有把握的放入表格
e.若表格还没填满，再去看标注问号的选项
阅读提速Tips
1.通读全文
初学者在看到这样题目的时候，会先把文章看完甚至翻译一遍，认为理解了自然就能选对答案。这是正确率最高最靠谱的做法，但最大的缺陷是考试时无法在短时间内理解文章并且做完题目。所以在阅读能力不是很强的时候，尽量不要使用看完理解再做题的方法。
2.把握文章结构类型
所谓结构，即文章的骨架子。
托福阅读文章是纯学术体(Academic)，是学生在大学里天天都能接触到的教科书风格的文章，这些文章涉及人文社科和自然科学，均议论文、说明文，最显著的特点是呈板块结构。因此考生要做的就是通过大量阅读同类文章学会把握这种学术体类型的文章结构，从而提升对此类文章的熟练度，确保在考试中能够第一时间摸准文章结构找到自己需要重点查看的内容。
3.掌握技巧，选择性阅读
一篇托福阅读平均字数为700字左右，还是学术性较强的文章，想要全文读懂还能记得自己所看到过的内容，这需要超强的阅读能力。但对于大多数备考学生，这还是存在一定难度的，所以解题过程中最关键的是有选择性阅读，这就要求我们一方面，多做练习，熟悉文章结构，另一方面，好好利用tpo，大量练习，概括总结分析每一类题型。
略读也是一种疾速阅读窍门。读是一种从很多的资猜中敏捷查找某一项详细现实或某一项特定信息，如人物、事情、时刻、地址、数字等，而对其它无关有些略去不读的疾速阅读办法。但这种方法是建立在极强的逻辑能力之上，经验老道的托福考霸会从逻辑词、架构词中判断出主要信息的大致所在，一找一个准。
4.掌握定位阅读技巧
善于定位阅读，掌握关键词进行定位的技巧。可以帮助大家加快解题速度，提高正确率。因为大部分托福阅读题目考查的是考生对文章细节的理解，答案基本上都能在文章中找到。拿到一个题目，我们先找题干中可以用来定位的关键词，比如专有名词、数字、符号等，然后根据关键词回到原文进行定位。有时候文章中不一定会出现和关键词一模一样的词，但很可能是关键词的同义替换词。
5.长难句分析
定位到信息不难，定位到了读不懂意思才是悲哀。很多同学在解题时不会主动去分析句子，遇到语法结构稍复杂的句子，就只会机械的逐字翻译，每个词都认识，但是句子读不懂，这个也是白搭。所以在累积词汇的基础上，平时的训练当中一定要多花时间在句子分析这一块。分析过程中我们需要的是弄清楚这句话主语是什么，怎么了，发生什么事，谁是修饰成分，哪部分才是真正的谓语。
托福阅读从7到30分，我把3年的备考经验总结成这份托福阅读通关指南
从阅读7分到30分，在长达三年的托福备战中，我对于托福，可谓是爱得深沉。为了帮助大家整理不同备考时间段所应该做的，这里就跟大家聊聊我自己的阅读备考过程，说实话总结四个字，望闻问切。
第一次tpo模考只有7分，是一个令人很尴尬的成绩，又因为厨师班基础教的不是很适合我当时的英语水平，只能慢慢开始总结经验。
刚开始接触托福阅读肯定是要运用OG大宝书的啦，但是一开始我觉得没有词汇量，真的什么书都没有用。所以第一步要能读得懂文章，望得进文章内容。
所以每天我有给自己一定背单词的任务量，暑假的时候我是一天背两百个，刚开始速度很慢，大概要2h才能背完。
后来我发现2h分解之后效率更高一些，比方说早上起床之后背80个单词，然后中午重新复习一遍再继续往下背。要不然每次时间持续太长的时候就不会想去继续背了。
而且不建议大家用那些百词斩之类的，那些东西在保持一定词汇量的时候可以用，正式备考还是靠rote memory吧。先记住英文单词的中文意思，再反过来背中文相对应的英文意思，最后加上默写/固定搭配/常用句型的训练。
最好还能在书的旁边记住每个词过了几遍才记住，然后比方说背了三天再把3遍以上记住的拎出来再背一遍。背单词一定要默写，可以打印那种默写的卷子自己做然后批改。默写的话也要加上词性，也会对后面作文有帮助。可以说我初一暑假结束的词汇量奠定了托福阅读最开始的基础。
当有了单词以后，才能够开进去文章。但看文章也不仅仅是有单词基础就可以了，刚开始还需要花上2-5min(个人情况不同)来进入阅读的状态。
曾经在知乎上搜到说推墙有助于精力集中，我在第一次考试的时候还推了好几次墙，旁边的人都绕着我走(哭)。anyway找到方法进入阅读，这是望的第一步。
那么下一步应该做的就是读题目，结合题目与文本做题，也就是找患者体内阴阳气血与体表特征异常之间的紧密联系。每一个器官不同，最关键的一点就是能够找主题的对象，而且逻辑一定不能乱。
脸上长了再多的痘痘看上去表面上像是用错了护肤品，其实更深层可能是肝火犯肺。因此要注意很有可能常规思维逻辑A存在，但是如果原文中出现了逻辑A不存
闻
肯定还是要保持单词量的，但最后一个星期到一个月的时候我就不会地毯式继续背单词了。一方面可以看看预测的机经啊什么的，一方面过去几个月的真题可以看一下词汇题是什么，因为托福考试重复率至少单词这边还是可以的(偷笑)，最后就一定过一下自己特别不熟的一些词汇或是错的词汇题。
如果说望进文章你能过20分，那么学会了闻文章就能上24/26啦。
这里还是要提自己的学习方——精读+原版书阅读。这些就针对很细节的东西，包括能概括出文章哪些段落是合在一起的，哪些段落代表什么主旨，我比较倾向于认为闻针对修辞目的题、推理题、指代题、句子插图题、表格题、文章内容小结题(就是那些不仅要看还要进一步推理的)。
part1
Q：精读怎么做?
A：选择自己认为难度可以到4-5颗星的，不要太简单，不然临近考试就是waste of time。
1)圈出每一段的主要针对对象
2)在主要对象变化的段落之中画分割线
3)圈出逻辑变化词，分清楚是什么样的逻辑，一般逻辑变化之后是很容易出考点的
[并列：and，moreover，also]
[转折：nonetheless，nevertheless，but]
[因果：result in，consequently，subsequently]
4)把那些你不认识的地点/人物 直接缩写 例：BureusxHuasc=BH，然后写在自己的笔记上
5)查整篇文章中所有不懂的单词，包括说题目中出现的单词，然后记录在自己的单词本上
6)即使看了所有单词注解还没有能弄懂的长句子，对于句子进行进一步的分析，比方说这半个句子是什么句型[宾语从句，状语从句，定语从句等]，一步一步，即使在一个大句子上花上一小时也是值得的。
part2
读原版书也有很多不同的方法，其实最主要的不过是给你一种比较纯正英语学习的气氛。与翻译过来的小说不同，原版小说不仅全是英文，更是把作者们相对纯正的语言表达保留下来。
所以在小说中，你可以了解不同作者的语言特色，词语和句子的真正奥妙。并且读原版书大多会把注意放在剧情上，而翻译可能会删掉一些情节，所以这也是一点读原版书的好处。翻来翻去，等你一本书读下来，你就会惊奇地发现，阅读似乎没有那么难[就是这么自信～]
Q：“我在读原版书时，阅读与查单词无法兼顾。查着新单词常常就忘了上一个，也会导致阅读的过程不流畅。”
A：初次阅读时，遇到一些生词可以不用查词典，(但是要用笔把它们勾画下来哟!)而是结合语境来猜测生词的意思，以增进理解。
读完了一定长度或是一个章节后，可以回到前面的内容，把词典打开，查找刚刚勾画的生词意思，用笔记本把它们记录下来。此后，有周期性地复习，并回到原文再读一遍，这样可以考察自己是否记住了意思，也能熟悉单词用法。
Q：“我英语还不是很好，觉得读原版书很吃力。”
A：阅读原版书是一个过程，不是一下就能读好、读精的。如果实在觉得阅读得很吃力，可以尝试降低读物的难度，从自己可以理解的书开始着手。阅读一段时间之后，再根据那时的英语能力挑选一些难度更大的书来读。
问切
背景：单词量大约有8000-10000
地点：托福初二96基础+一次初三夏校
这次自学的话阅读大概刚开始就是26左右，最后提分到了30，出来的时候应该是一题都没有错，据说寒假的卷子是不是会简单一点?那我最后需要提升的其实就是做题技巧而不是阅读能力了，就像中医也不能保证每次都下准药。
所以，要在真正治疗之前模拟千百遍，所以为了提高准确性只能每次写方子之前三省自身：
这两个词汇与题目的词汇都是同义词，哪个更合适在这个语境中呢?(针灸和拔火罐都行该选哪个?)
看得我云里雾里，这是什么学科的知识?我之前有没有在阅读/口语/听力/写作中见过类似的病例(这个病我从来没见过，可相似的病例我应该还是能够处理的)
先看清文章的逻辑，如果细节上面实在来不及分析也要顾全大局(这个病人的病好多啊，我怎么能分清主次对症下药呢?)
