（人教+汤姆森）九年级英语寒假复习：2.主谓一致

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篇1：（人教+汤姆森）九年级英语寒假复习：2.主谓一致

寒假专题--主谓一致

主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语一致。下面让我们看看不同类型的主谓一致。

1. 名词做主语

（1）单复数主谓一致

A) 一般词汇：有些词汇的复数形式是固定不变的，如：crossroads (十字路口；聚焦点), headquarters (总部), means (方法，手段), species (种类，品种), series (系列)等，但其动词的单复数取决于两点：

a) 取决于限定词：

例：Every means has been tried but without much result.（各种方法都试过，可没有多大效果。）

b) 取决于上下文内容、作者所要表达的意思、特指还是泛指：

例：Are/ Is there any other means of solving the problem?（还有什么其它解题的方法吗？注意：这里可以用are表示其它方法，也可以用is表示和现在所用的方法相对比的另一种方法。）

My favorite book is The Old Man and the Sea.（我喜爱的书是《老人与海》。注意：本句是特指。）

Our TV series are much better than those of Japan.（我国的电视剧比日本的好得多。注意：本句是泛指。）

c) 从句做主语

How to develop a healthy habit is a good question to discuss.

d) 学科名词一般用单数谓语动词。这样的词有：economics（经济学）, electronics（电子学）, mathematics（数学）, politics（政治学）等等。

例：Politics is a good topic for discussion.（政治是谈论的好题目。）

e)有些表示成双成对的词，常常只用复数形式，动词一律用复数，也不能用不定冠词。比如要表示“一……”，要使用量词，通常使用“a pair of”。这样的词有： eyeglasses（眼镜）, pants（裤子）, scissors（剪刀）, shoes（鞋）, shorts（短裤）, socks（短袜）, stockings（长统袜）, trousers（裤子）等。

B) 无复数形式的名词

a) 有些名词，特别是一些表示动物的名词，其单复数形式是固定不变的，但其动词的单复数取决于其限定词和上下文内容。

例：That Japanese has been to China for twenty times.（这位日本人已来过中国20次了。）

Those Japanese are visitors to our university.（那些日本人是到我们大学来参观的客人。）

b) 集合名词：大部分集合名词都可使用单数或复数动词，这主要取决于作者的强调点：强调整体时，用单数谓语；强调这个集体里的成员时，用复数谓语。这样的集合名词有：army（军队）, audience（观众、听众）, crowd（人群）, firm（公司）, government（政府）, group（组、群）, public（公众）, staff（全体工作人员）, union（联盟）等。

例：The audience was excited by the excellent show.（精彩的演出使全体观众情绪激昂。）

The public is/are requested not to leave litter in the public places.（公众不能在公共场所乱扔垃圾。）

注意：还有一些集合名词也没有复数形式，但只能做复数名词使用，谓语动词应该用复数。这样的man（人类）, police（警察）等。

c) 专有名词和不可数名词的谓语一律用单数谓语。前者指人名、地名、国家名、城市名、书名、机构名或重大事件。后者又可分为物质和抽象名词两大类。

例：The United Nations is trying to find a better way to bring the two parties together.（联合国正在寻求更有效的方法来调停双方。）

C) 另外，还有特殊复数形式的名词也需要你的特殊注意。这些词的复数形式可能并不明显，所以常导致谓语单复数错误。

特殊复数形式的名词：phenomenon - phenomena（现象）, goose - geese（鹅）, mouse - mice（老鼠）等

（2） 不定代词和带限定词的名词做主语

A) 不定代词或every加名词做主语：every, each, either, neither, one, no one, somebody, anybody, nobody, everyone, someone, anyone, everyone, something, anything, nothing, everything在句中做主语，或做限定词限定一个名词时，后面的谓语一律用单数。

注意：上述词语做限定词加of时，后面的名词或代词都应该用复数，但谓语却用单数。即使有定语从句，其主句、从句谓语仍用单数。

例：Each one of us who is now living remembers the event.

B) 限定词加名词做主语：all, any, many, more, most, some的谓语动词的单复数取决于它们所修饰的名词。

a) all, any, many, more, most, some修饰单数名词时，谓语为单数；当修饰复数名词时谓语为复数。

例：All of the world is against wars.（全世界都反对战争。）

There is some girl at the telephone who wants to speak to you.（有个女孩打电话来，找你。）

b) all, any, many, more, most, some加复数名词时，谓语用复数动词。

例：All roads lead to Rome.（条条大路通罗马。）

c) all, any, many, more, most, some修饰不可数名词时，谓语用单数动词。

例：If there is any trouble, please come to me.（如果有什么困难，请来找我。）

More experience is important for getting a good job.（要得到好工作，重要的是要有更多的经验。）

2. 含有of的短语和介宾短语做主语

（1）half of, all of, any of, a lot of, most of, … percent of, some of, five sevenths of等短语的动词单复数取决于of后面所跟的名词或代词，即：单数名词或代词要求用单数动词；复数名词或代词用复数动词，不可数名词或代词用单数动词。

例：Half of my spare time is spent on my hobby.（我一半的业余时间都花在我的爱好上了。）

（2）a number of后面要求加复数名词或代词，其动词用复数形式；但the number of后面加复数名词或代词时，其谓语用单数。因为前者的意思是“大量、许多、若干”，等于numbers of；后者的意思是“总数、合计”，强调的是一个数字，所以应该看成单数主语。

（3）the rest（of）表示“剩余、其余”，其用法也有二：

a) of后面可接单数、复数及不可数名词，相应的谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面所跟的名词。

b) 如果the rest表示的是剩下的东西，则谓语动词用单数；如果表示的是其余的，特别指人时，其谓语动词应该用复数。

例：The majority of students went to the lab, the rest are staying in the classroom.（多数学生去了实验室，其余的人留在教室。）

（4） 当主语不止一个，且主语间由介词with, together with, along with, as well as, as much as, no less than, more than, not to mention, including, like, but, except等连接时，其谓语动词取决于前一个主语，即上述介词前的名词或代词。

例：Television, along with other means of communication, helps us to keep informed about contemporary affairs.

3. 连词加名词做主语

（1）not only……but also, either……or, neither……nor, or等连接多个主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于离谓语最近的那个主语。这就是我们常说的“就近原则”。

例：Not only one but also all of us were invited.（不只是一个，而是我们全体都受到邀请。）

（2）由and连接两个或多个主语时，后面一般都跟复数谓语动词，只有在下述几种情况下，才要求接单数谓语：

A) 表示“兼”时：

例：The singer and dancer attends our evening.（这位歌手兼舞蹈家参加了我们的晚会。）

注意：表示两个人时，and后面应加不定冠词、定冠词或其它限定词。

B) 固定词组a knife and fork（一副刀叉）, a cup and saucer（带茶托的茶杯）, ice-cream and cake（冰淇淋蛋糕）, iron and steel（钢铁）等，动词一律用单数。

注意：如果把and前面和后面的词作为两个不同的内涵（通常在and后面的名词或代词前加不定冠词、定冠词或其它限定词），则说明and起并联作用，谓语应该用复数。

例：There are a knife and a fork.（桌子上有一把刀子和一把叉子。）

4. 数词、量词和动名词等做主语

（1）量词做主语：凡是计量时间、距离、金钱、体积、尺寸等的度量衡做主语时，谓语动词都用单数。常见的这种词有：years, dollars, dozens, miles, length, width等。

例：100 years is too long.（1太长。）

（2）数学上的加、减、乘、除的规律是：加法和乘法的谓语动词单复数皆可；而减法和除法的谓语动词一律用单数。

（3）分类词做主语：由form, kind, part, piece, type等词加of形成的短语做主语时，其谓语的单复数取决于这些词本身的单复数。

例：The newest types of computer are on show.（现在正在展出最新型的计算机。）

（4）动名词和不定式做主语时，谓语动词一律用单数。

例：Talking mends no holes.（空谈无济于事。）

To set up the tent costs us two hours each time.（每次我们支起帐篷都要花两个小时。）

5. 从句作主语

从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词要用单数形式。

一. 单选

1. Thirty pounds ________ (is / are) too much for this coat.

2. No news ________ (is / are) good news.

3. Maths ________ (is / are ) too difficult for him.

4. There __________ (is / are) a pen and two pencils in the pencil-box.

5. There __________ (is / are) some water in the glass.

6. Nothing _________ (is / are) different from what you think.

7. Mr.Brown, with her daughter _________ ( is / are) walking in the park.

8. The number of the students in their school _______ ( is / are) over four hundred.

9. Both of them _______ (is / are) students.

10. Neither of the answers _________ ( is / are) correct.

11. Each of us ________ ( has / have) an English-Chinese dictionary.

12. Neither I nor my brother _________( have / has) seen the film.

13. Not only her parents but also her grandfather __________ ( like / likes) her very much.

14. Either you or I _______ (are / am) wrong.

15. This kind of computers _________ (is/ are) made in China.

16. 99 and 2 _________ ( is / are) 101.

17. “You” ________ (is / are) a pronoun.

18. The United Nations ________(was / were) founded in 1945.

19. Both Kate and I _________ (are /am) getting ready for the picnic now.

20. Neither of them ________(is / are) on the team.

21. The whole family ________( is / are) music lovers.

22. The old ________ ( is / are ) taken good care of.

23. The Chinese ________ ( is / are) kind and friendly.

24. The Chinese people ________ (is / are) a great people.

25. Many a student _______ ( has / have ) passed the exam.

26. Two times four _______ ( is / are ) eight.

27. Doing exercises ______ (is / are) good for your health.

28. Everyone except Tom and John _______ ( was / were) there.

29. This pair of glasses ________ ( is / are) Mr. Green’s.

30. One and a half days ________( is / are) all I can spare.

31. She as well as the other students ________ ( has / have )learned how to type.

32. The singer and dancer _______ (comes / come) from Guangxi.

33. All that ________ ( glitters / glitter ) is not gold.

34. The police _______ ( is / are) searching for the murderer.

35. To be friendly to people _______ (is / are) important for us.

二. 完型

Everyone knows that smoking is no good for health, but still more and more people begin to smoke. Every year about millions of smokers die from 1 . Most of the smokers are men. But more and more 2 also begin to smoke. The number of smokers is becoming larger and larger each year. Every year the government has to spend lots of money 3 the people with illness caused by smoking, 4 it also has to pay lots of money for the great loss in the 5 caused by smoking. So the government wants people to give up smoking, but the tobacco companies want more young people, even students in middle school, to 6 because they want to make more money from tobacco sales.

Why do many smokers find it hard to give up smoking? The 7 with tobacco is that it has a drug called nicotine inside. It is the drug that gets them into the habit of smoking and makes them find it 8 to stop.

1. A. drinking B. eating C. smoking D. laughing

2. A. men B. women C. children D. people

3. A. finding B. following C. making D. looking after

4. A. but B. so C. and D. or

5. A. fire B. water C. building D. sickness

6. A. stop smoking B. start smoking C. go on smoking D. make more tobacco

7. A. question B. result C. problem D. answer

8. A. difficult B. easy C. expensive D. impossible

三. 阅读理解

DIY is very popular in China now. Do you know what it is?

Yang Chen works for a computer business in Beijing. Though he enjoys his work, it is hard for him to relax after work.

“For a long time, I had no choice except going to a bar for a drink and karaoke to relax myself,” he said.

One day when he saw many toy dogs in a toy shop, he had an idea. “Why not do some kind of things and relax myself?” Then he began to make model planes, model ships and something else. The things he has made by himself don’t look as professionally made as those in the shops, but he likes doing it.

“It’s not as much fun to play with things which are bought expensively from the shops,” he said.

Now his bookshelves are full of many kinds of things he has made. They are very beautiful and his families and friends like them very much.

More and more young people are like Yang, making or creating things on their own. They like to do it themselves.

Though making things with our own hands may take much time, some people, now known as DIYers-do-it-yourselfers, enjoy doing it very much. They can make all kinds of things they like.

DIY is becoming more and more popular in China. It may be to the young, yet many people remember when it was once a way of life.

During 1960s and 1970s, when there were not enough living things for people to live on, they had to use their own hands to do many things. Whitewashing the wall or making clothes was a part of life because there was no other choice. If you wanted something done, you had to do it yourself; and if you needed something, you made it yourself.

But times have changed and DIY has also different meaning now.

( ) 1. What does Yang Chen enjoy doing most in his free time now?

A. Playing computer games.

B. Going to a bar for a drink and karaoke.

C. Whitewashing the wall.

D. Making something by himself.

( ) 2. Many young people like making things by themselves because _______.

A. they want to make more money

B. they do it for fun

C. they need them in their life

D. they can’t buy them anywhere

( ) 3. From the passage we know________

A. some people like to spend their spare time making this themselves.

B. more and more people are beginning to make model planes.

C. between 1960s and 1970s, people liked making things themselves.

D. more and more young people begin to do like Yang Chen.

( ) 4. What’s the main idea of this passage?

A. The things Yang made don’t look as professionally made as those in the shops.

B. Planes bought from the shops are too expensive.

C. DIY is a good way of life.

D. DIY was a part of life in the past.

【试题答案】

一、1. is 2. is 3. is 4. is 5. is 6. is 7. is 8. is 9. are 10. is 11. has 12. has

13. likes 14. am 15. are 16. is 17. is 18. was 19. are 20. is 21. are 22. are

23. are 24. is 25. have 26. is / are 27. is 28. was 29. are 30. is 31. has

32. comes 33. glitters 34. are 35. is

二、C B D C A B C A

三、D B A C

篇2：（人教+汤姆森）九年级英语寒假复习：1.动词和句式

寒假专题--动词及句式

动词种类：

句法：

谓语动词：

1. 行为动词

（1）vt. 必须跟宾语，语法意义才完整

有主被动语态，但在下列特殊句型中vt. 后不能跟宾语

have… to do 有……要干

give… to do 给……干

It’s + adj. + to do

（2）vi. 不能直接跟宾语，只有主动语态，若要及物必须跟上相应prep.

（3）vt. & vi.

open, close, burn, sing, study, sell, read, write, clean, keep, act, wash, feel

2. 系动词

系＋ adj. adv. n. prep. 从句，不定式，分词

（1）常见系动词：be, become, seem, look, feel, smell, sound, taste, turn, keep, get, look like,

（2）固定搭配：keep silent, keep quiet, go bad, fall in/asleep, get+adj.，turn＋adj.

（3）系动词通常没被动，少数有进行时 be feeling, be getting

3. 延续性v. 与终止性v.

（1）终止性v. 表延续的转换

换时态： v. + ago

换词 ： arrive / get to / reach----be here / there

end----be over

get back / return----be back

borrow----keep

buy---have

go----be there

come----be here

（2）终止性动词的进行时表将要或反复不断的动作

He is jumping over there. 他在那边反复跳。

（3）延续性动词与具体时刻的状语连用时用进行时

We were waiting for you at 3 yesterday afternoon.

（4）while 引出的时间状语从句中的v. 必须用延续性动词，多为进行时。

（5）终止性动词否定＋until 直到……才

延续性动词肯定＋until 一直干到……为止

英语基本句式：

英语句子有五个基本句式。这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。

S＋V主谓结构

S＋V＋F主系表结构

S＋V＋O主谓宾结构

S＋V＋O1＋O2 主谓双宾结构

S＋V＋O＋C 主谓宾补结构

说明：S＝主语；F＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾语补足语

五个基本句式详细解释如下：

1. S＋V句式: 在此句式中，V是不及物动词，又叫自动词(vi. )。例如：

He runs quickly. 他跑得快。

They listened carefully. 他们听得很仔细。

He suffered from cold and hunger. 他挨冻受饿。

My ink has run out. 我的钢笔水用完了。

2. S＋V＋F句式: 在此句式中，V是系动词(link v. )，常见的系动词有：look，seem，appear，sound，feel，taste，smell，grow，get，fall ill/asleep，stand/sit still，become，turn等。例如：

He seen interested in the book. 他似乎对这本书感兴趣。

The story sounds interesting. 这个故事听起来有趣。

The desk feels hard. 书桌摸起来很硬。

The cake tastes nice. 饼尝起来很香。

The flowers smell sweet and nice. 花闻起来香甜。

You have grown taller than before. 你长得比以前高了。

He has suddenly fallen ill. 他突然病倒了。

He becomes a teacher when he grew up. 他长大后当了教师。

注意：有些动词同时也是及物动词，可构成SVO句式，例如：

He looked me up and down. 他上下打量我。

They are tasting the fish. 他们在品尝鱼。

Please turn the sentence into English. 请把这个句子译成英语。

3. S十V十O句式: 在此句式中，V是及物动词(vt.)，因此有宾语。例如：

I saw a film yesterday. 我昨天看了一部电影。

Have you read the story? 你读过这个故事吗?

They found their home easily. 他们很容易找到他们的家。

They built a house last year. 他们去年建了一所房子。

They've put up a factory in the village. 他们在村里建了一座工厂。

They have taken good care of the children. 这些孩子他们照看得很好。

4. S＋V＋O1＋O2句式: 在此句式中，V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见的须带双宾语的动词有give，ask，bring，offer，send，pay，lend，show，tell，buy，get，rob，warn等。例如：

He gave me a book/a book to me. 他给我一本书。

He brought me a pen/a pen to me. 他带给我一枝钢笔。

He offered me his seat/his seat to me. 他把座位让给我。

注意下边动词改写后介词的变化：

Mother bought me a book/a book for me. 妈妈给我买了一本书。

He got me a chair/a chair for me. 他给我弄了一把椅子。

Please do me a favor/a favor for me. 请帮我一下。

5. S＋V＋O＋C句式: 在此句式中，V是有宾语补足语的及物动词。常带宾语补足语的词有形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。

常见的可接宾语补足语的动词很多，哪些动词可接哪几种形式作宾补，须根据动词的惯用法而定，不能统而概论。请看下面的例子。

They made the girl angry. 他们使这个女孩生气了。

They found her happy that day. 他们发现那天她很高兴。

They named the boy Charlie. 他们给这个男孩起名为查理。

I saw him come in and go out. 我见他进来又出去。

They felt the car moving fast. 他们感到汽车行驶得很快。

I heard the glass broken just now. 我刚才听到玻璃碎了。

一. 选择填空：

1. She came here _____.

A. since a month ago B. for a month

C. a month ago D. next month

2. They got here ____.

A. a moment ago B. for a moment

C. since a moment ago D. sometimes

3. My father has lived here ______ .

A. for three years B. since three years

C. for three years ago D. three years ago

4. Lucy and Lily ______ in Beijing for nearly two years.

A. are B. were C. will be D. have been

5. My uncle ___ since he left school.

A. smoked B. was smoking C. has smoked D. had smoked

6. They ____ 100,000 trees by the end of 1994.

A. planted B. has planted C. have planted D. had planted

7. By the time Dave got up , his mother _______ breakfast.

A. has cooked B. had cooked C. cooked D. have cooked

8. He said that he _____ never _____ such a beautiful picture before.

A. has…seen B. had ….seen C. have …seen D. was …seeing

9. My sister ____ for three years before she went to college.

A. had worked B. worked C. has worked D. have worked

10. Look! They ___________ their classroom.

A. clean B. are cleaning C. cleaned D. was cleaning

二. 根据对话，用所给动词的适当形式填空：

A: Where’s Kate?

B: She____1____ (go) to London.

A: When __2____ she ___3____(leave)?

B: She ___4____(leave)early this morning.

A: How __5____ she ____6____ (go) there?

B: She ___7___ (go) there by plane .

A: When __8__she ___9____ (come) back ?

B: Sorry, I don’t know. Perhaps she ____10____(get) back in a month.

三. 阅读短文并用所给动词的适当形式填空：

Captain Ben Fawcett has bought an unusual taxi and _______(begin) a new service. The “taxi” is a small Swiss aero phane called a “Pilatus Porter”. This wonderful plane can carry seven passengers. Captain Fawcett’s first passenger____(be) a doctor who ___ (fly) from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains. Since then, Captain Fawcett _____ (fly) passengers to many unusual places. Once he ___ (land) on the roof of a block of flats and on another occasion, he ____(land) in a deserted car park. Captain Fawcett _____just ______(refuse) a strange request from a business man. The man _____ (want) to fly to Rockall, but Captain Fawcett _____ (not take) him because the trip _____ (be) too dangerous.

四. 阅读理解:

(A) Can You Make Short Phone Calls？

Phones are very useful to us, and we can’t work without them. But phones also bring troubles. For example, a friend wants to tell you his or her latest health problem on the phone. You are very busy, so you have to cut your friend off. What will you say?

When you answer a call, don’t ask questions like “How are things?” because these questions will make them think that you have time to talk longer. After “hello,” get right to the heart of the matter you want to say.

When you make a call, you should call at the right time. If you call right before lunch or dinner, or at the end of the work day, people will not talk too much.

When you call someone and do not want to talk longer, you may start with, “Hi, I’ve only got a few minutes, but I want to talk to you about …” or, “I’d like to talk more, but I only have a few minutes before I have to go.”

If you don’t want to spend time talking to someone, you must say, “I’d like to talk to you longer, but I must say Goodbye.” Don’t wait for the answer.

If someone does not stop talking and you have to leave, you can ask someone in your home to help you. For example, you signal to your father, and your father says loudly, “Mary, I think the bread is burning!”

( ) 1. When you want to make a short phone call, you should say: ______ and then go right to the matter.

A. How are things?

B. What’s new?

C. How are you doing?

D. I only have three minutes before I have to leave.

( ) 2. When you want to stop talking, you can say: ____________

A. I have to go now. Goodbye.

B. I’m glad to talk to you. What can I do for you?

C. So, what else is new?

D. Hi. How are things?

( ) 3. If someone does not stop talking and you have to leave, you can ____________

A. ask someone in your home to help you.

B. shout to him loudly.

C. cry loudly.

D. Throw the phone to the floor.

(B) How to Use an ATM

Pat Brown went to her bank to ask for an ATM card. It looks like a credit card. A few weeks later, the bank posted her a card and a four-number personal identification number (PIN). Her PIN is 1234.

As Pat was getting ready for bed one night, she remembered that she had $2 in her bag. The next day she had to give $10 for a lunch for a co-worker. She didn’t want to get up early to go to the bank. So she had to go to the bank at night. She used her ATM card to withdraw (take out) $50 from her checking account (现金帐户).

These are the steps she followed to withdraw money. First, she put her card in the lower slot (狭孔) on the right side of the machine. She made sure her card was facing the right way. Second, the computer screen said, “Please enter (put in) your PIN.” Pat pressed (按) the number 1,2,3, and 4. next, the screen said, “Please select type of transaction (交易) you want by press other keys.” Pat pressed the bottom key for withdrawing money.

Then the screen said, “From which account?” The choices it gave were Checking, Savings, and Money Market. Pat pressed the key for checking. Next, the screen said, “Please choose amount of transaction.” Pat pushed the number 5 and then 0 three times, until the screen read, “50.00”. The screen then read, “Please wait”. In less than a minute, it read, “Please put up the lid and take your money.”

Pat lifts the lid marked Withdraw. She counted her $50 to make sure the ATM hadn’t made a mistake. Then she waited for her withdraw slip to come out of the slot at the upper right corner of the machine. Pat checked the slip to make sure it was correct. Then her ATM card was returned through the card slot. She put it in her bag and walked away. If Pat had made a mistake at any point by pressing the wrong button, she could have pressed Cancel and started over again.

What you should do What computer should say

Put her card in the lower slot. Enter (put in) your PIN

1. _______________ 2. _______________

Press the bottom key for withdrawing money Select type of account

3. _______________ Choose amount of transaction

Push the number you want Put up the lid and take your money

Lift the lid marked Withdraw

4. _______________

Wait for her withdraw slip to come out of the slot

Check the slip to make sure it was correct Return through the card slot

【试题答案】

一. CAADC, CBBAB

二. 1. has gone 2. did 3. leave 4. left 5. did 6. go 7. went 8. will

9. come 10. will get

三. begun, was, flew, has flown, landed, landed, has, refused, wanted, didn’t take, was

四. (A) D A A

(B) 1. Press the PIN numbers 2. Select type of transaction you want

3. Press the key for checking 4. Count her money

篇3：(人教+汤姆森)九年级英语第一学期期末复习--完型填空

第一学期期末专题复习--完型填空

完形填空题是测试综合应用语言能力的题型，要求学生有较高的阅读理解能力、综合应用基础知识的能力、分析和判断能力。要做好完形填空，首先要综观全文，理解大意，再从语法、惯用法、用词和常识等方面考虑，找出答案。

一般说来，做完形填空题一定要注意先通读全文，掌握全文大意；要联系上下文，特别是要联系下文。不仅要联系下一句，有时甚至要看完全文才能选出正确答案，否则就有可能选错；找到文章的中心句也是很重要的。

完形填空的能力要求：

1. 掌握足够的词汇，有词语活用能力以及运用句型造句的能力。

2. 有扎实的英语语法基本功，能熟练地运用动词时态、语态等。

3. 有较宽的阅读面及其派生的英语语感。

4. 有依据上下文猜测和推断的能力。

完形填空的解题技巧（一）：

从总体上把握文章主旨，接受作者所传达的信息与情感，针对完形填空，提出了各种多层次、全方位的理解技法，其中以总体把握法、词语搭配法、语法判定法、语境联想法、举例对比法最为重要。

1. 总体把握

要通读完形填空的短文，跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的主要内容。切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上。

2. 弄清体裁

文章体裁通常分为四种：论述文、记叙文、说明文和应用文。中考选文以叙事性文章为主，如：幽默故事、科普知识、童话、简短新闻、名人轶事、社会热点问题等。读这类文章，要大体上了解故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件及前因后果。

3. 重视主题句

完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的主题句，往往在每段文章的首句，有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等，这是深入了解全文的“窗口”，甚至能以语句为立足点，从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。

4. 语境联想

利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。

［典型例题解析］

（A）

Most adults（成年人） once studied at school, had classes and did their homework everyday. The same __1__ is going on at school now. __2__ it seems that doing weekend homework is __3__ problem for the modern students.

All the students agree that weekend homework should be abolished （取消）. It's __4 __ for them studying at school five days a week. They have a lot of interests. With homework to do on Saturday and Sunday, when can they find __ 5__ to help around the house, go and see a football or basketball game or a good film, join in family recreations （娱乐） ,or just have __ 6_ at home? Because of these other activities, the homework can't be finished until 7 . So their weekend homework is usually done in such a hurry that on Monday teachers are 8 and often threaten （威胁） to fail the whole class of students because they know nothing about the __9 . If there was no weekend homework for the students to do, they would be happy to go to school on Monday 10 having a good rest and to learn what the teachers teach.

1. A. thing B. school C. class D. homework

2. A. Also B. But C. Still D. Though

3. A. no B. another C. one D. other

4. A. not enough B. enough C. no good D. no use

5. A. friends B. time C. places D. money

6. A. a rest B. an exam C. a lesson D. a picnic

7. A. Monday afternoon B. Saturday afternoon

C. Friday night D. Sunday night

8. A. pleased B. sorry C. unhappy D. not worried

9. A. lesson B. games C. interests D. activities

10.A. until B. when C. before D. after

解析：首句“All the students agree that weekend homework should be abolished”提供了本段的中心思想，为下面的选项做铺垫。

1. 只要能看懂文章，就会选A，thing。

2. 上下文是转折关系，故选B。

3. 做双休日的家作对现在的学生来说是一个问题，故选C。

4. 对学生来说一个星期学习五天已经是足够了，所以选enough。

5. 根据上下文判断，学生需要得到的是时间，故选B。

6. “have a rest” 休息，在家应该为休息。

7. 周末家庭作业应该在周日晚上前完成，周一上学去。故选D。

8. 根据上下文，学生的家作是在匆匆忙忙的情况下完成的，周一老师看了当然是不高兴的，故选C。

9. 学生不知道的应该是lesson,而不是games, activities and interests。

10. 联系上下文，只要看懂就能选D。

（B）

Bill likes football very much, and he often goes to watch matches in our 1 on Sundays. He doesn't get the best seats, 2 they are very 3 and he doesn't see his friends there.

There was a big football match in our town last Sunday. 4 , it was very cold and cloudy, but then the sun 5 , and it was very hot.

There were a lot of people on benches （凳子） 6 Bill at the match. Bill was on one bench, and there was a fat man on a bench 7 him. At first the fat man felt cold, __8 then he felt very hot. He took his coat off and put it in front of him, but it fell on Bill's head. Bill was not angry. He took the coat 9 his head, looked at it and then laughed and said,“Thank you ... but 10 are the trousers?”

1. A. village B. country C. town D. home

2. A. so B. if C. because D. but

3. A. dear B. cheap C. nice D. near

4. A. At that time B. Then C. At first D. First

5. A. was shining B. shining C. shone D. shines

6. A. in front of B. behind C. round D. near

7. A. behind B. beside C. over D. by

8. A. why B. but C. and D. so

9. A. away B. from C. on D. off

10. A. how B. when C. where D. whose

解析：1. 单独看此句，A、B、C三个答案都有可能，但根据短文第二段第一句There was a big football match in our town last Sunday的提示确定为C。

2. 后面一句解释他为什么没有得到最好的座位，故为C。

3. 他没有得到好座位的原因是票很贵，故答案为A。

4. 根据下句but then the sun shone的提示确定是C，否则有可能选A。

5. 此句应用一般过去时态shone。

6. 四个答案都符合语法，但根据后面的语境，此句意为“比尔周围有许多人”，确定选C。

7. 根据后面的提示，即胖男子脱下上衣放在前面，掉在了比尔的头上，确定胖男子坐在比尔的后面，故为A。

8. 先冷后热，是转折关系，but

9. take...off his head意为“从头上拿下”，根据语义答案C显然不对，away是副词，后面不能接宾语。此外也可用take...away from,故答案为D。

10. 衣服掉在比尔的头上，他没有生气，还问：“裤子呢?”意思是“你把衣服给了我，裤子也给我吧”，表现出比尔的幽默。故答案为C。

完形填空的解题技巧（二）：

1. 词语搭配

（1）从语法角度来说，句子不是词的序列，而是词组的序列。

（2）因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。如：see a film

（3）词序和意义皆以固定的复合词和动词短语。如：push ahead with（奋力前行）。

（4）因词组而构成的常见的句式：It feels+形容词+不定式，在搭配判断时，注意：要区别外形相近而意义不同的搭配。如：look for, look over, look out, look after, look up等。要区别形不相似而意义相近的搭配。如：I paid 12 pounds for the dictionary. The book cost me a lot. It took three men to lift the box.句中都有“付出、花费、需要”的意思。译成汉语时似乎相通。但更要注意它们之间的搭配变化；要注意单个词组的多义性。如：take off有“脱下（衣服），（飞机）起飞，匆匆离开，取下，休假”等多种含意。

2. 语法判定

（1）要注意出现频率较高的词类题，依次为动词、介词、代词、连词、形容词、副词。选择各类词时，要注意以下几个方面：

a. 名词的选择，应联系文章主题及空格前后出现的有关词，注意其性和数的一致。

b. 动词的选用，要注意词义和惯用搭配，还要区分近义词之间的用法差异及所给词的形式。

c. 选择介词，应注意其惯用法，特别是与动词或其他词组成的固定搭配。

d. 选择代词，要注意性、数、格是否准确。

e. 选择连词，要注意分析前后句或上下文的逻辑关系。

f. 选择形容词和副词，要注意词义的区别，用于比较时，还要注意词形变化。

（2）要注意句法题，搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒装

a. 句子的种类包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。一般以考查疑问句、感叹句的词序为多见，其次是祈使句的零时态等。

b. 句子的类型有简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。中考考查要点是在复合句里的状语从句、宾语从句和直接/间接引语，也考查简单的定语从句。

c. 句子的省略与倒装很少考查，却要看懂，不能引起对文章的曲解。

（3）在语法适用方面，可以用择优法和排除法

a. 择优法是把各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法上又没有语病的答案。

b. 排除法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对，或词与词搭配不妥，或存在语法错误，或与上下文有矛盾，则迅速排除不合适的选项，剩下的就是正确答案。

3. 例举对比

在完形填空的多项选择中，常常会遇到难以选择的题目。需要调动头脑里的知识“储备”，例举熟知的语言现象与之相比较，再做出明智的选择。

一般的解题过程是：

1. 通读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。

2. 瞻前顾后，分析先行。在理解全文意思的基础上，结合文章内容对空缺句子作合乎逻辑的推理。必须弄清空缺词句的确切含义，空缺词句与其前后句的意义衔接必须自然、合理，不可出现意义断层或说东道西的情况，必须从空缺句的内部结构入手，从语法、词语固定搭配、词形变化等角度考虑，务必使所填的单词准确无误。

3. 反复推敲，攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。如实词多与文章的内容直接相关，虚词多与文章的连贯性或句子结构直接相关，如果从内容上实在看不出要填哪个单词的话，应考虑是否需要填介词、连词等。

4. 验证答案，修正错误，着重注意这几点：

（1）文章是否顺畅；

（2）所填单词是否是最佳单词；

（3）所填单词是否有拼写错误。

［典型例题解析］

（大连）（A）

People worry about that they often lose their keys. Now if you forget 1 your key is, you can find it quickly.

Let's read the following. Yesterday Mr. Smith 2 his key in the room.“Where is my key?”he said to himself .He didn't know 3_ . He thought hard and 4 had an idea.“Hello!”he said in a loud voice.“Hello!”a voice came from inside the drawer of the desk. He was 5 to hear that. He hurried to the desk and pulled the drawer 6 .To his pleasure, he 7 out the key from the drawer. What is all 8 ?

So, that is a new 9 invented in America. There is an integrated circuit（集成电路） and a very small speaker built in it. It can tell its 10 voice in no more than nine metres.

1. A. what B. where C. how D. which

2. A. took B. got C. brought D. lost

3. A. what to do B. how to do C. when to find D. where to go

4. A. when B. while C. then D. than

5. A. surprised B. interesting C. angry D. sorry

6. A. closed B. up C. down D. open

7. A. put B. took C. looked D. tried

8. A. in B. at C. about D. off

9. A. key B. drawer C. desk D. house

10. A. desk's B. owner's C. man's D. woman's

解析：

1. 选连接词where，答案应选B。

2. 注意四个动词的语意，选lost,“丢失”之意，答案应选D。

3. 从语意角度选what to do，答案应选A。

4. 选then，表示“接着、下面就会”的意思，答案应选C。

5. 选be surprised to do sth.的结构，答案应选A。

6. 要理解pull sth. open（拉开），push sth. closed（推上），lift sth. up（举高），take sth. down（取下），答案应选D。

7. 选take out（拿出），排除put out（扑灭、熄灭），look out（向外看，当心），try out（试验看看），答案应选B。

8. 选about，如：What is all about? 这一切是怎么回事呢? 答案应选C。

9. 只要看懂短文就会选key，答案应选A。

10. 注意tell这里是“区别、辨别”之意，答案应选B。

（B）

In China, most people's names have 1 parts, the 2 names and the family names. One person may have 3 names. For example, when they are very 4 at home, they usually have 5 names. In school and society they use their 6 names. If someone is a writer, he or she has a pen name. Now young couple （夫妇） become very 7 when they name their child. 8 the names have special meanings. Some show their parents' 9 .Girl's names show that their parents want them to be nice. Boy's names are often 10 to the country.

1. A. one B. two C. three D. four

2. A. first B. middle C. family D. given

3. A. many B. one C. different D. same

4. A. young B. old C. at work D. at school

5. A. formal B. pet C. pen D. informal

6. A. formal B. pet C. pen D. informal

7. A. careful B. carefully C. angry D. happy

8. A. both B. both of C. only D. most of

9. A. idea B. wishes C. hope D. thought

10. A. bad B. hard C. useful D. beautiful

解析：

1. 中国人的姓名分为姓和名两部分，故选B。

2. 根据此句的语义显然答案不是C。英美人姓名一般由三部分组成，即first name, middle name和family name,中国人的姓名由姓和名两部分组成，即family name和given name,故选D。

3. 下文举例一个人有小名、大名，也许有笔名，重点说明一个人也许有好几个名字，故选A。

4. 根据此句的语义和下文In school and society的提示，可知此处意为“上学前”、“小时候”，故选A。

5. 根据中国人的习惯，孩子上学前一般都有小名，即pet names，故选B。

6. 上学时和走上社会后使用正式的名字，故选A。

7. 此句意为：现在年轻的夫妇给孩子取名很认真，此句中become是连系动词，需要形容词作表语，故选A。

8. 根据语境显然选D，意为大部分的名字都有特殊的意义，故选D。

9. 名字表达了父母亲的希望，故选C。

10. 根据语境显然选C，如取名为“建国”、“卫国”等。

完形填空练习：

（A）

Mother's Day is a 1 for mothers. It is celebrated in the United States, England, India and __2 countries. In a short time, it becomes widely celebrated. Mother's Day 3 on the second Sunday in May. On that day, many people 4 gifts of love to their mothers.

In China, people do the same on the day for mothers. And, in some cities, people sometimes ask 5 to be broadcast（广播） on the radio for his or her mother only. 6 might cost a little money, 7 ,as it is said,“ 8 is invaluable（无价的）.”

On May 8,,just the day before the Mother's Day that year, a Chinese __9 __was killed in a criminal bombing（罪恶轰炸） in Yugoslavia（南斯拉夫）.Her name is Shao Yunhuan, a __10__,who wrote lots of articles（文章） for Chinese newspapers. All the Chinese will remember her for ever.

（ ） 1.A.day B. holiday C. weekend D. thank

（ ） 2.A.the other B. any other C. some other D. another

（ ） 3.A.lasts B. holds C. makes D. falls

（ ） 4.A.put B. send C. write D. post

（ ） 5.A.a present B. a song C. some flowers D. some clothes

（ ） 6.A.This B. These C. She D. They

（ ） 7.A.but B. though C. then D. so

（ ） 8.A.Monday B. Time C. Love D. Hate

（ ） 9.A.boy B. girl C. father D. mother

（ ） 10.A.worker B. reporter C. doctor D. teacher

（B）

We live in the “computer age”.Just 41 years 11 ，computers couldn't do much. They were very big and expensive. They used a lot of energy （能量）.Only 12 people were interested 13 them. Today computers are smaller and cheaper. They can do 14__ difficult work.

Computers become important 15 many reasons （原因）.They work faster than man and make few mistakes. They can “remember” much information. A computer can do millions of problems 16 a few seconds. A person might 17 years to work out so many problems.

People now use computers in nearly every kind of work. Computers are very useful and the use of computers 18 growing. More computers mean more jobs for people, because people __19 to run and mend them. Would you like to learn 20 to run a computer?

（ ） 11. A. early B. ago C. late D. after

（ ） 12. A. few B. little C. a few D. a little

（ ） 13. A. in B. with C. on D. by

（ ） 14. A. and B. so C. but D. or

（ ） 15. A. in B. by C. for D. on

（ ） 16. A. with B. on C. at D. in

（ ） 17. A. need B. get C. want D. make

（ ） 18. A. are B. is C. has D. have

（ ） 19. A. may B. must C. should D. need

（ ） 20. A. why B. what C. how D. when

（C）

Market is a place we get food from. My 21 goes there every day.

Two or three __22 ago, I went with her to a 23 near our home. When we went inside, I saw the ground was 24 and a lot of people were doing 25 there. It was very noisy because so many people were speaking 26 . The sellers and the people were very __27__.There were many vegetables, fishes, and a lot of meat there. My mother 28 to buy some of them, but there were too many people. We had to wait for some time 29 we bought all the food we needed. Now everything in the market is much 30 than before.

（ ） 21. A. father B. mother C. sister D. friend

（ ） 22. A. days B. hours C. years D. times

（ ） 23. A. market B. shop C. place D. cinema

（ ） 24. A. clean B. empty C. full D. wet

（ ） 25. A. cooking B. shopping C. reading D. washing

（ ） 26. A. at the same time B. all the same C. all the day D. at times

（ ） 27. A. happy B. strange C. busy D. sorry

（ ） 28. A. asked B. tried C. liked D. helped

（ ） 29. A. after B. soon C. if D. until

（ ） 30. A. bigger B. higher C. better D. finer

（D）

Vitamins（维生素） are a discovery of this century. A hundred years 31 , no one knew anything 32 them. The vitamins are 33 by letters of alphabet. Vitamin A 34 by the eyes. There is Vitamin A in milk, butter and green vegetables. It 35 by the body.

Vitamin B must be supplied （提供） 36 by some of our food. The skins 37 grains of all sorts have Vitamin B in them.

Vitamin C is very important 38 the body. Without it 39 teeth will become loose and their arms and legs become weak. Oranges and tomatoes 40 Vitamin C in them.

There are other vitamins. But these A,B,C are the most important.

（ ） 31. A. before B. front C. ago D. ahead

（ ） 32. A. about B. of C. in D. for

（ ） 33. A. naming B. named C. is named D. names

（ ） 34. A. needs B. need C. is needed D. was needed

（ ） 35. A. stores B. be stored C. can store D. can be stored

（ ） 36. A. times B. in not time C. all the time D. any times

（ ） 37. A. of B. to C. on D. in

（ ） 38. A. for B. at C. with D. to

（ ） 39. A. people B. peoples' C. people's D. peoples

（ ） 40. A. has B. have C. there is D. there are

【试题答案】

（A） BCDBB，AACDB

（B） BCABC，DABDC

（C） BCADB，ACBDC

（D） CABCD，CADCB

篇4：语法复习主谓一致 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

语法复习专题主谓一致

一、考点聚焦

1、语法形式上的一致

主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。 The number of students in our school_________1,700.

Mary and Kelly________ alike.

2、意义上一致

（1）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。

The crowd ______ runing for their lives.

单数形式代表复数内容的词有people、police、cattle等。

（2）主语形式为复数，而意义上却是单数，谓语动词用单数。

The news is very exciting.

形复意单的单词有new、works（工厂）、means和以ics结尾的学科名称physics、poli-tics、economics等。

3、就近原则。即谓语动词的单复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。如果连词or、either … or、neither … nor、not only … but also等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致。

Eg.Either you or I________ mad.

4、应注意的若干问题

（1）名词作主语。

①某些集体名词如family、team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数，反之用复数。 My family_________going out for a trip.

The whole family _________ watching TV.

这类词常有audience、class club、committee、company、crew、crowd、enemy、government、group、party、public、team等。

Population和“a group(crowd)of + 复数名词”也适用于这种情况，强调整体用单数，强调各个部分用复数。

②某些集体名词如people、police、cattle、oxen只当复数看待，谓语动词必须用复数。

③单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。

A sheep ________over there. Some sheep________over there.

④名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等；作主语时，动词一般用单数。 My uncle’s________not for from here.

常见的省略名词有the baker’s 、the barbar’s、the Zhang’s等。

表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。如：

Richardson’s_________a lot of old goods to sell.

⑤当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数。

Thirty years ________ passed. Five minutes _______enough to finish the task.

⑥不定代词each、every、no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：

Each boy and each girl in my class ________a dictionary.

⑦如果主语有more than one … 或many a … 构成，尽管从意义上看是复数内容，它的谓语动词用单数形式。 More than one student _____ seen the play.

Many a boy________ bought that kind of toy.

但是，“more + 复数名词 + than one”结构之后，谓语用复数。

⑧一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如glasses、clothes、trousers、shoes、compasses、chopsticks、scissors等。

但如果主语用a kind of、a pair of、a series of等加名词构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。 A pair of shoes ________ on the desk.

⑨this kind of book = a book of this kind(这种书)，其谓语动词；短语this kind of men = men of this kind = these kind of men(口语)（这一类人），但this kind of men的谓语用单数，men of this kind和these kind of men的谓语用复数，all kinds of后跟复数名词，谓语用复数形式。如：

This kind of men _______dangerous. Men of theis kind/sort ________dangerous.

⑩复数形式的单、复数同形名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则，用作单数意义时，谓语用单数，反之，谓语用复数。这类名词有means、works、species(种类)、Chinese、Japanese等。当它们的前面有 a、such a、this、that修饰时，谓语用单数；有all、such、these、those修饰时，谓语用复数。

(11)如果名词词组中心词是all、most、half、rest等词语，所指是复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式，反之用单数。

All of my students work hard. All of the oil _______gone.

(12)在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：

Between the two windows __________an oil painting.(hang)

（2）由连接词连接的名词作主语。

①用and或both … and 连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式。但如果并列主语指的是同一个人，同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时and后面的名词没有冠词。

Truth and honesty ________the best policy.

To love and to be loved _______the great happiness.

Going to bed early and getting up early _______a good habit.

A knife and fork_________ on the table.

②当主语后面跟有as well as、as much as、no less than、along with、with、like、rather than、together with、but、except、besides、including、in addition to等引导的词组时，采取“就远原则”。

③以or、either … or、neigher … nor、not only … but also等连接的词作主语时，采取“就近原则”。

（3）代词作主语。

①名词型物主代词连接的动词，既可以用单数，也可以用复数，这取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。 Ours (Our Party) ________a great Party.

Your shoes ________ white, mine (= my shoes)_______ black.

②such、the same起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。

Such ________our plan. Such _________ his last words.

③关系代词who、that、which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。

④疑问词who、what、which作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。 Who lives next door? It________Xiao Liu.

Who lives next door? It __________Wang and Li.

⑤不定代词any、either、neither、none、all、some、more等作主语时，要注意下列情况：

（A）单独作主语时，视其在文中的意义，动词可用单数或复数形式。Now all has been changed. All are present.

（B）其后接of时，若of的宾语为不可数名词，动词用单数形式；若of的宾语为复数名词或代词时，动词可以是单数，也可以是复数；在正式文体中，单数形式的动词更常用。

Do (es) any of you know about the accident? None of us has(have) seen the film.

（4）分数、量词作主语。

①“分数或百分数 + 名词”构成的短语以及由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面的名词的数保持一致，这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词，而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。如：

Lots of damage_________caused by flood.

A number of students ________ gone to the countryside.

A large quantity of people _________needed here.

Quantities of food (nuts) ________ still on the table.

②a great deal of、a large amount of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数；large amounts of修饰不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。

③表示数量的one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

One and a half apples________ left on the table.(be)

④half of、(a)part of修饰可数名词单数及不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，修饰可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数。

(5)名词化的形容词作主语。

如果主语由“the + 形容词（或分词）”结构担任时，谓语通常用复数。这类词有the rich、the poor、the brave、the injured、the living、the wounded等。如表抽象的也可以用单数，如the unknown、the beautiful等。

（6）从句作主语。

①由what引导的主语从句，谓语动词通常用单数，但所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。

What we need _________more money.

What we need__________ more people/teachers.

②在“one of + 复数名词 + who/that/which”引导的从句结构中，关系代词who/that/which的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one，因此从句中的谓语动词也应该是复数形式。如one前有the only则用单数形式。

This________one of the most interesting stories that ______been told by my father.

She_________the only one of the girls who_________late for class today.

（7）不定式、名动词（短语）作主语用单数形式；There be句型中be的单复数取决于be后的第一个词的数。

There ______a book, two pens on the desk.

There ______two pens, a book on the desk.

二、精典名题导解

选择填空

1.-Each of the students, working hard at his or her lessons, _________to go to university.

-So do I .(上海 ) A.hope B.hopes C.hoping D.hoped

解析：答案为B。本题考查主谓一致中的意义一致原则，不定代词either、neither、each、one、the other、another以及所有的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义一致的原则采用单数形式，排除A。选项C是非谓语动词的一种，不能单独作谓语，亦应排除。根据答语中的时态又可排除选项D。

2.The number of people invited _________ fifty, but a number of them __________ absent for different reasons.（NMET ）

A.were; was B.was; was C.was; were D.were; were

解析：答案为C。本题考查the number of和a number of 的区别。“the number of + 复数名词/代词”结构中的中心词是number,“a number of + 复数名词/代词”结构中的中心词是of后的复数名词或代词，故谓语动词分别用单、复数。解题关键在于仔细区分哪个是真正的主语。

篇5：语法复习二、主谓一致 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

语法复习二、主谓一致

在英语句子里，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这就叫主谓一致。寻其规律，大致可归纳为三个原则，即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。

（一）语法一致原则：语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。

1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。如：His father is working on the farm. / To study English well is not easy. / What he said is very important for us all. / The children were in the classroom two hours ago. / Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.

注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。如：What I bought were three English books. / What I say and do is (are) helpful to you.

2、由连接词and或both … and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。如：Lucy and Lily are twins. / She and I are classmates. / The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. / Both she and he are Young Pioneers.

注意：① 若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如：The writer and artist has come.; / ② 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Every student and every teacher was in the room.. / No boy and no girl likes it.

3、主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。如：Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. / Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground. / She, like you and Tom, is very tall.

4、either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。如：Each of us has a new book. / Everything around us is matter.

注意：① 在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词（或代词）”作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. ② 若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。如：None of us has (have) been to America.

5、在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：He is one of my friends who are working hard. / He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.

6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。如：Class Four is on the third floor. / Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.

注意：people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child.

7、由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如：There are a lot of people in the classroom. / The rest of the lecture is wonderful. / 50% of the students in our class are girls.

注意： a number of“许多”，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数；the number of“…的数量”，主语是number，谓语用单数。

8、在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：There comes the bus./ On the wall are many pictures. / Such is the result. / Such are the facts.

（二）逻辑意义一致原则：逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致（因有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数；有时形式为复数，但意义为单数）。

1、what, who, which, any, more, all等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。如：Which is your bag? / Which are your bags? / All is going well. / All have gone to Beijing.

2、表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式， 这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体，如：Thirty minutes is enough for the work.

3、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。如： “The Arabian Nights”is an interesting story-book.

4、表数量的短语“one and a half”后接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词可用单数形式（也可用复数。如：One and a half apples is (are) left on the table.

5、算式中表示数目（字）的主语通常作单数看待，其谓语动词采用单数形式。如：Twelve plus eight is twenty. / Fifty-six divided by eight is seven.

6、一些学科名词是以 –ics 结尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works等，都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：The paper works was built in 1990. / I think physics isn’t easy to study.

7、trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, 等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a (the) pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数。如：My glasses are broken. / The pair of shoes under the bed is his.

8、“定冠词the + 形容词或分词”，表示某一类人时，动词用复数。

（三）就近一致原则：在英语句子中，有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。

1、当两个主语由either … or, neither … nor, whether … or …, not only … but also连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语一致。如：Either the teacher or the students are our friends. / Neither they nor he is wholly right. / Is neither he nor they wholly right?

2、there be句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致。如：There are two chairs and a desk in the room..

注意：Here引导的句子用法同上。

练习：主谓一致

1.I, who____ your friend, will try my best to help you with your English.

A.am B.is C.are D.be

2. The rich ____ not always happy.

A.are B.is C.has D.have

3. Neither Tom nor Jack and I ____ his students.

A.are B.am C.is D.was

4. Mary as well as her sisters ____ Chinese in China.

A. are studying B. have studied C. studies D. study

5. Neither my father nor I ____ at home.

A.am B.is C.are D.be

6. Not only my brother but also I ____ good at painting. Both of us ____ good painters.,

A.are;are B.am;am C.ani;are D.is;is

7. Every' boy and every girl ____ to attend the evening party.

A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like

8. Over 80 percent of the population of China ____ peasants.

A.was B.is C. would be D.are

9. The population of China ____ larger than that of .any other country in the world.

A.is B.are C.has D.have

10. Every means ____ tried but without any result.

A. have been B.is to be C.are to be D. has been

11. Alice, together with two boys,____ for having broken the rule.

A. was punished B. punished C. were punished D. being punished

12. The League secretary and the monitor____ asked to attend the .meeting this afternoon.

A.is B.was C.are D.is being

13. The great writer and professor____.

A. is an old man B. are both old men

C. is an old man and a young man D. were two Chinese

14. There ____ a pen, two pencils and three books on the desk.

A.are B.is C.has D.have

15. A large number of students in our class____ girls.

A. are B. was C. is D. be

16. The number of deer, mountain lions and wild roses ____ much if people leave things as they are.

A. doesn' t change B.don't change C.change D.changed

17. The Arabian Nights ____ well known to the English.

A. is B. are C. was D. were

18. Chairman Mao' s works ____ published.

A. has been B.have been C.was D.is

19. A chemical works____ built there.

A. is to being B.have been C. were to D.has been

20. The Olympic Games ____ held every ____ years.

A.is;four B.are;four C.is;five D.are;five

21 .The United States of America one of the most developed countries in the world.

A.is B.are C.was D.were

22.He is the only one of die students who ____ elected.

A. are B.have C.has D.is

23.Theis is one of the most interesting questions that ____ asked.

A.have B.has C. have been D.has been

24.Many a man ____ come to help us.

A.have B.has C.is D.are

25.“All____ present and all____ going on well,” our monitor said.

A.is;is B.are;are C.are;is D.is;are

26. The police ____ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.

A. is searching for B. were searching for

C. are searching for D. were searching

27.Your trousers____ dirty.You must have____ washed.

A.is;il B.are;it C.are;them D.is;them

28.This pair of trouseis ____ too long for him.

A.is B.be C.are D.were

29. One and a half bananas ____ left on the table.

A.is B.are C.has D.have

30. Eight times eight ____ sixty - four.

A.is B.are C.get D.equal

31 .Ten minutes____ an hour when one is waiting for a phone call.

A.seems B.seem C.seemed D.seemes

32.____of the money____ nm out.

A. Three-fifth; has B. Three-fifth; has been

C. Three-fifths; has D. Three-fifths; have

33. The whole class ____ the teacher attentively.

A. are listening to B. is listening to

C.are listening D. is listening

34.1 have finished a large part of the book, the rest of which___ more difficult.

A.is B.are C.was D.were

35. Between the two rows of trees ____ the teaching building.

A.stand B.stands C. standing D.are

36. Large quantities of water ____ for irrigation.

A. is needed B. has -needed C. are needed D. need

37. That they were wrong in these matters ____ now clear to us all.

A. is B.was C.are D.all

38.What we need____ good textbooks.

A.is B.are C.have D.has

39. What you said just now____ the matter we are discussing.

A.have something to at B. has something to do with

C.had something to do with D.has been something to do with

40. More than one member ____ against the plan.

A. is B.are C.has D.have

41. When and where to build the new factory ____ yet.

A. has not decided B. is not decided

C. are not decided D. have not decided

42. Half of the fruit ____ bad.

A. are B. has C. is D. have

43. ____ either of your parents come to see you recently?

A. Have B. Had C. Has D. Is

44. Mathematics ____ the language of science.

A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be

45. My family ____ small.

A. is B. were C. are D. makes

46. The following ____ some other examples.

A. are B. is C. was D. were

47. They both have some friends; but his ____ more active.

A. is B. will be C. was D. are

48. Both rice and wheat ____ grown in that country.

A. is B. are C. was D. has

49. Early to bed and early to rise ____ a good habit.

A. are B. is C. were D. was

50. To play basketball and to go swimming ____ useful for character-training.

A. was B. is C. are D. were

51. Either he or I ____ to attend the mass meeting this evening.

A. is B. am C. are D. be

52. ____ either he or I to attend the mass meeting this evening.

A. is B. am C. are D. be

53. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, ____ to be built here.

A. are B. were C. is D. will

54. She as well as her brother ____ a League member.

A. are B. were C. will D. is

55. His family ____ a big one. Now the family ____ watching TV.

A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are

56. It is I who ____ going to attend the meeting tomorrow.

A. is B. am C. are D. be

57. More than 60% of the students ____ the countryside.

A. is B. are C. is from D. are from

58. Many a man ____ the novel.

A. has read B. have read C. is read D. are read

59. Tom is the only one of the students who ____ going to swim this afternoon.

A. is B. was C. are D. were

60. Here ____ a pen, a few pencils and some paper for you.

A. are B. is C. was D. were

参考答案

语法复习二：主谓一致

1~5 AAACA 6~10 CBDAD 11~15 ACABA 16~20 AABDB 21~25 ADCBC

26~30 BCAAA 31~35 ACAAB 36~40 CABBA 41~45 BCCCA 46~50 ADBBC

51~55 BACDA 56~60 BDAAB

篇6：高三英语复习与训练十五一--主谓一致 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

高三英语复习与训练十五一--主谓一致

15. 主谓一致：

1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。

2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。

3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，

一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如：

There is much water in the thermos.

但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：

Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.

15.1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如：

Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。

注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如：

The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。

典型例题

The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.

A. is B. was C. are D. were

答案B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。

15.2 主谓一致中的靠近原则

1）当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如：

There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。

There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩，二十三个女孩。

2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如：

Either you or she is to go. 不是你去，就是她去。

Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。

15.3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致

当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如：

The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教师和一些学生在参观工厂。

He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。

15.4 谓语需用单数

1）代词each以及由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语时，或主语中含有each, every时, 谓语需用单数。例如：

Each of us has a tape-recorder. 我们每人都有录音机。

There is something wrong with my watch. 我的表坏了。

2）当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。例如：

The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 《天方夜谭》是英语爱好者熟悉的一本书。

3）表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。例如：

Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. 用三个星期来做准备。

Ten yuan is enough. 十元够了。

15.5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数

1）代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如：

All is right. 一切顺利。

All are present. 人都到齐了。

2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后，谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如：

His family isn't very large. 他家成员不多。

His family are music lovers. 他家个个都是音乐爱好者。

但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如：

Are there any police around? 附近有警察吗？

3）有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。例如：

A number of +名词复数+复数动词。

The number of +名词复数+单数动词。

A number of books have lent out.

The majority of the students like English.

15.6 与后接名词或代词保持一致

1）用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of 等引起主语时，谓语动词通常与of后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如：

Most of his money is spent on books. 他大部分的钱化在书上了。

Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 大部分学生积极参与体育运动。

2）用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of 等引起主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。例如：

A series of accidents has been reported. 媒体报道了一连串的事故。

A pile of lots was set beside the hearth. 炉边有一堆木柴。

3）如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的短语作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。例如：

Many a person has read the novel. 许多人读过这本书。

More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。

15.7 主谓一致练习

1.Each of you ______ responsible for the accident.

a. am b. be c. is d. are

2.Each man and woman ______ the same rights.

a. has b. have c. had d. is having

3.Every means ______ tried but without much result.

a. has been b. have been c. are d. is

4.There ______ in this room.

a. are too much furniture b. is too many furnitures

c. are too much furnitures d. is too much furniture

5.The manager or his assistant ______ planning to go.

a. were b. are c. was d. be

6.Not only I but also David and Iris ______ fond of playing basketball.

a. am b. is c. are d. was

7.Neither Tom nor his parents ______ at home.

a. is b. are c. has d. was

8.Either the dean or the principal ______ the meeting.

a. attends b. attend c. are attending d. have attended

9.______ was wrong.

a. Not the teacher but the students b. Both the students and the teacher

c. Neither the teacher not the students d. Not the students but the teacher

10.“______ twenty dollars a big sum to her?”

“I suppose so.”

a. Will be b. Is c. Are d. Were

11.Three hours ______ enough for us to finish the task.

a. are b. has c. is d. were

12.Most of his savings ______ in the Xin Hua Bank.

a. has been kept b. is being kept c. have kept d. have been kept

13.All that can be done ______.

a. has done b. has been done c. have done d. have been done

14.One or perhaps more pages _______.

a. is missing b. has been missed c. are missing d. was missing

15.More than one worker ______ dismissed.

a. have been b. are c. has been d. has

16.Many a student ______ the importance of learning a foreign language.

a. have realized b. has realize c. have been realized d. has been realized

17.The gas works ______ near the city.

a. is b. are c. were d. be

18.The surroundings of his house ______ clean now.

a. is b. are c. was d. were

19.The committee ______ over the problem among themselves for two hours.

a. has argued b. has been arguing c. have argued d. have been arguing

20.The public ______ generous in their contributions to the earthquake victims.

a. is b. was c. are d. has been

21.Cattle ______ on the hillside.

a. grazes b. is grazing c. was grazing d. were grazing

22.Her politics ______ neither conservative nor liberal.

a. is b. are c. was d. has been

23.Measles ______ a kind of infectious illness.

a. is b. are c. were d. have been

24.The Philippines ______ to the south-east of China.

a. lies b. lie c. lay d. lays

25.Mary is one of the girls who ______ always on time.

a. is b. am c. are d. was

26.Tom is the only one of the stall members who ______ to be promoted.

a. is going b. are going c. has been going d. have been going

27.What caused the accident ______ on the road.

a. were stone b. were stones c. was stone d. was stones

28.Wisky and soda ______ his favorite drink.

a. is b. are c. were d. have been

29.______ is to attend our evening.

a. both the singer and the dancer b. Either the singer or dancers

c. The singer or dancers d. The singer and dancer

30.The Smiths ______ their breakfast when the morning post came.

a. had b. has been having c. are having d. were having

31.No one except two students ______ the meeting.

a. has been late for b. have been late for c. was late for d. were later for

32.All but him and me ______ to the exhibition.

a. am going b. is going c. are going d. was going

33.Interest, as well as prospects, ______ important when one looks for a job.

a. are b. were c. is d. was

34.The president, accompanied by his assistants, ______.

a. have arrived b. are arriving c. had arrived d. has arrived

35.A number of cars ______ in front of the park

a. is parked b. was parked c. are parked d. has parked

36.the number of articles published on smoking ______ amazing.

a. is b. are c. were d. have been

37.The majority of doctors ______ smoking is harmful to health.

a. are believed b. had believed c. has believed d. believe

38.The majority of the damage ______ easy to repair.

a. is b. are c. were d. be

39.Four-fifths of the crop ______.

a. are ruined b. was ruined c. were ruined d. have been ruined

40.Three-fourths of the buildings ______.

a. was destroyed b. is destroyed c. were destroyed d. has been destroyed

41.Early to bed and early to rise ______ a man healthy, happy and wise.

a. making b. to make c. make d. makes

42.Mathematics ______ the language of science.

a. is b. has been c. are d. have been

43.The young ______ the vital forces in our society.

a. is b. has been c. are d. have been

44.Every man, woman and child ______ some history, enough at least, to survive in the world.

a. knows b. know c. is known d. are known

45.None of them ______ my friends.

a. is b. are c. was d. has been

46.Not only the whole nation, but the whole Europe , indeed the whole human society ______ to alter its attitude to racial problems.

a. need b. needs c. has a need d. have a need

47.Getting to other planets or to the moon _____ many problems.

a. involve b. involves c. involving d. to involve

48.In that country, the rich ______ richer, the poor, poorer.

a. become b. has become c. becomes d. is becoming

49.The project requires more labor than ______ because it is extremely difficult.

a. has been put in b. have been put in c. being put in d. to be put in

50.Not one in one hundred children exposed to the disease ______ likely to develop it.

a. should be b. must be c. is d. are

22.13主谓一致练习答案

1 C 19 D 37 D

2 A 20 C 38 A

3 A 21 D 39 B

4 D 22 B 40 C

5 C 23 A 41 D

6 C 24 A 42 D

7 B 25 C 43 C

8 A 26 A 44 A

9 D 27 D 45 B

10 B 28 A 46 B

11 C 29 D 47 B

12 D 30 D 48 A

13 B 31 C 49 A

14 C 32 C 50 C

15 C 33 C 51

16 B 34 D 52

17 A 35 C 53

18 B 36 A 54

篇7：语法复习卷（ . 6）主谓一致：(人教版高三英语下册教学论文)

语法复习卷（2010 . 6）

主谓一致：

1. Each man and woman ______ the same rights.

a. has b. have c. had d. is having

2. Every means ______ tried but without much result.

a. has been b. have been c. are d. is

3. There ______ in this room.

a. are too much furniture b. is too many furnitures

c. are too much furnitures d. is too much furniture

4. Not only I but also David and Iris ______ fond of playing basketball.

a. am b. is c. are d. was

5. Mathematics ______ a language of science.

a. is b. has been c. are d. have been

6. ______ was wrong.

a. Not the teacher but the students b. Both the students and the teacher

c. Neither the teacher nor the students d. Not the students but the teacher

7. Three hours ______ enough for us to finish the task.

a. are b. has c. is d. were

8. All that can be done ______.

a. has done b. has been done c. have done d. have been done

9. More than one worker ______ dismissed.

a. have been b. are c. has been d. has

10. Many a student ______ the importance of learning a foreign language.

a. have realized b. has realized c. have been realized d. has been realized

11. The public ______ generous in their contributions to the earthquake victims.

a. is b. was c. are d. has been

12. Mary is one of the girls who ____ always on time.

a. is b. am c. are d. was

13. Tom is the only one of the members who ______ to be promoted.

a. is going b. are going c. has been going d. have been going

14. What caused the accident ______ on the road.

a. were stone b. were stones c. was stone d. was stones

15. The Smiths ______ their breakfast when the morning post came.

a. had b. has been having c. are having d. were having

16. Three-fourths of the trees______.

a. was destroyed b. is destroyed c. were destroyed d. have been destroyed

17. Four-fifths of the building ______.

a. are ruined b. was ruined c. were ruined d. have been ruined

18. All but him and me ______ to the exhibition.

a. am going b. is going c. are going d. was going

19. The president, accompanied by his assistants, ______.

a. have arrived b. are arriving c. had arrived d. has arrived

20. A number of cars ______ in front of the park

a. is parked b. was parked c. were parked d. has parked

21. The number of cars ______ increasing .

a. is b. are c. were d. have been

22. The majority of doctors ______ smoking is harmful to health.

a. are believed b. had believed c. has believed d. believe

23. The majority of the damage ______ easy to repair.

a. is b. are c. were d. be

名词性从句练习

1. _____ we need more practice is quite clear.

A. When B. What C. That D. /

2. _____ I accept the gift or refuse it is none of your business.

A. If B. Whether C. Even if D. No matter when

3. _____ knows the truth about it will tell you.

A. Who that B. That C. Whoever D. That who

4. _____ he is doing seems quite difficult

A. How B. That C. Which D. What

5. _____ certain that his invention will lead to the development of production.

A. That's B. This is C. It's D. What's

6. _____ that there is another good harvest this year.

A. It says B. It is said C. It was said D. He was said

7. _____ that she has received a doctor's degree.

A. It's a splendid news B. This is splendid news

C. It's splendid news D. This is splendid news

8. It is strange _____.

A. that no one should like this book B. that no one liked this book

C. that why no one likes this book D. why no one likes this book

9. It is suggested that the experiment _____ under low temperature.

A. makes B. is make C. should be made D. will be made

10. _____ still needs to be discussed.

A. How is the plan to be carried out B. How the plan is to be carried out

C. Why is the plan carried out D. Why the plan carried out

11. _____ is unknown to us all.

A. Where did she put it B. Where she put it

C. That where she put it D. In which she put it

12. _____ nothing to do with us.

A. What he did is B. What he has done is

C. What did he do has D. What he has done has

13. That's _____ the Party called on us to do.

A. what B. that C. how D. why

14. She looked _____ she were ten years younger.

A. that B. like C. as D. as though

15. The reason I have to go is _____ if I don't.

A. that she will be disappointed B. because she will be disappointed

C. on account of her being disappointed D. that she will be disappointing

16. It was _____ he worked hard that he succeeded.

A. because B. since C. as D. for

17. It seemed that the girl _____.

A. had lost important something B. had lost something important

C. lost important things D. lost something important

18. The fact _____ he is an advanced worker is well known.

A. what B. which C. that D. why

19. The fact _____ in the past few years proves that our Party's policy is correct.

A. that great achievement was made B. which great achievements were made

C. what have been made D. that great achievements have been made

20. I have no idea _____.

A. what does the word “infinity” mean B. what the word “infinity” means

C. what the meaning of the word “infinity” D. what the word “infinity” mean

21. His suggestion _____ to see the art exhibition interested every one of us.

A. that we go B. which we should go

C. that we would go D. when we should go

22. I'll certainly tell the Emperor _____ pleased I am with it.

A. how B. what C. who D. whom

23. I wonder _____ he asked such a silly question in public.

A. how B. what C. that D. why

24. _____ do you think will teach us maths next term?

A. Whom B. Who C. What D. That

25. I will give this dictionary to _____ wants to have it.

A. whomever B. whoever C. whom D. whatever

26. Do _____ you think is right _____ difficulties you may have.

A. what；however B. that；what C. Whatever；whoever D. what；whatever

27. Are you sure _____?

A. whether she is honest B. that she is honesty

C. she is honest D. is she honest

28. He was interested in _____ he had seen at the exhibition.

A. which B. that C. all what D. all that

29. He often thinks of _____ he can do more for the four modernizations.

A. what B. how C. that D. which

30. Take _____ much you want and _____ you want to.

A. however；when B. whenever；how

C. however/whoever D. however/whenever

31. ---Where are my keys? I looked everywhere.

---How careless you are! They’re _______ you left them.

A. there B. where C. there where D. where there

32. made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities. [2000全国]

A. What; because B. What; that

C. That; what D. That; because

33. be sent to work there? [1999全国]

A. Who do you suggest

B. Who do you suggest that should

C. Do you suggest who should

D. Do you suggest whom should

34. Picture writing is the simplest way of putting an idea down on paper. That was _____ man first began to write.

A. where B. why C. why D. how

35. Our hometown is no longer ________ it used to be ten years ago.

A. which B. when C. that D. what

36. ______ he did that wasn’t quite clear.

A. That B. What C. Why D. Because

37. _______ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.

A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who

38. The reason _____he was absent from the meeting yesterday was _____ he was ill.

A. why; because B. why; that

C. which; / D. which; that

39. Father made a promise ______if I passed the examination, he would buy me a MP3.

A. that B. which C. whether D. what

40. ---What about the speech he made this afternoon?

---_______ he said so must be quite encouraging, I think.

A. What B. That C. / D. All

41. There are signs _______ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.

A. in which B. which C. that D. whose

42. Although most of them have no doubt _____ he will pass the exam, I still wonder ______ he has really got everything ready.

A. whether; that B. that; whether

C. that; that D. whether; whether

43. We think ______ a pity ______ he didn’t pass the driving test.

A. it; what B. that; that

C. this; that D. it; that

44. It is not yet decided ______ will take the place of our present manager after he goes abroad.

A. whoever B. whomever C. who D. whom

45. ______ seems strange to us is ______ the troublesome boy is getting along well with all his teachers.

A. It; that B. What; how

C. It; how D. What; that

情态动词

1. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.（06津）

A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t

2. --- I think I’ll give Bob a ring.

--- You _______. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.（06江苏）

A. will B. may C. have to D. should

3. --- What’s the name?

-- Khulaifi. _______ I spell that for you? （06京）

A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might

4. If it were not for the fact that she_______sing, I would invite her to the party.（06闽）

A.couldn’t B.shouldn’t C.can’t D.might not

5. ---- Must he come to sign this paper himself?

---- Yes, he .（06粤）

A. need B. must C. may D. will

6. ______ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.（06鄂）

A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be

7. Some aspects of a pilot’s job____ be boring, and pilots often_____ work at inconvenient hours.（06湘）

A. can ; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must

8. –May I smoke here ?

----If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.（06鲁）

A. should B. could C. may D. must

9. As you worked late yesterday, you_____ have come this morning.（06陕）

A. mayn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t

10. --- Could I have a word with you, mum?

--- Oh dear, if you ________.（06浙）

A. can B. must C. may D. should

11. He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free. （05山东卷）

A. could B. would C. must D. need

12. --- Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.

-- She ______ . I've already borrowed one. （05湖南卷）

A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't

13. - Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?

----Something ________ to him. (05江西卷)

A．must happen B． should have happened

C．could have happened D． must have happened

14. John, look at the time. _____ you play the piano at such a late hour? （05全国卷3）

A．Must B．Can C．May D．Need

15. Tom, you leave all your clothes on the floor like this! （05全国卷1）

A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not

16. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They ____ at least 150 kilometers an hour. （05重庆卷）

A. should have been doing B. must have been doing

C. could have done D. would have done

17. I _______have been more than six years old when the accident happened. （05天津卷）

A. shouldn't B. couldn't C. mustn't D. needn't

18. Helen ______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet. （05安徽卷）

A. shall B. must C. may D. can

19. “The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge. （04重庆）

A. may B. should C. must D. shall

20. --- I don't mind telling you what I know.

--- You . I'm not asking you for it. （04江苏）

A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn’t

21. I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. （04浙江）

A. should B. might C. would D. could

22. --- I’ll tell Mary about her new job tomorrow.

--- You________ her last week. （04福建）

A．ought to tell B．would have told C．must tell D．should have told

23. --- Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.

--- You ______ have my computer if you don't take care of it. （04湖南）

A. shan't B. might not C. needn't D. shouldn't

24. --- Mum, I’ve been studying English since 8 o’clock.. I go out and play with Tom for a while?

--- No, I’m afraid not. Besides, it’s raining outside now. （04辽宁）

A．Can’t B．Wouldn’t C．May not D．Won’t

25. 44. You ______ be tired---you’ve only been working for an hour. （04全国II）

A must not B won’t be C can’t D may not

宾补练习：

1. The missing boy was last seen ____ near the river.

A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play

2. I feel ____ unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.

A. that B. how C. it D. what

3. It is wise to have some money ____ for old age.

A. put away B. kept up C. given away D. laid up

4. He slipped into the room, without himself ____.

A. seen B. being seen C. seeing D. to see

5. He found the street much ____.

A. crowd B. crowding C. crowded D. crowdly

6. I think ___ necessary to learn English well.

A. its B. it C. that D. that is

7. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____. He always works hard.

A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning

8. You can’t have the horse _____ all the way. It’s too hot.

A. run B. to run C. running D. to be running

9. When I came back, I found the house _____ and everything _____.

A. was broken; took away B. broken into; taken away

C. had been broken; taken D. break into; take away

10. I heard that you were elected _____ this time.

A. monitor B. the monitor C. a monitor D. my monitor

11. When I came back, I found nobody ___. It was empty.

A. on B. out C. in D. away

12. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself ______.

A. hear B. to hear C. hearing D. heard

13. For a time his grandmother found _____ accept his new idea.

A. hard B. it hard C. it hard to D. it is hard to

14. Tell him _____ the window.

A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut

15. ----There’s a hole in your bag. ---- I know, I’m going to have it _____.

A. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended

16. Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister.

A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry

17. They would not allow him _____ across the enemy line.

A. to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going

18. I found the door _____ when I got home.

A. opened B. close C. unlocking D. open

19. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___.

A. not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to

20. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise____.

A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on

主谓aadca/ dcbcb/ccadd/ddbdcc/ada

名从 1-30 CBCDC BCBCB BDADA ABCDB AADBB DBDBD 31-45: BBADD CCBAB CBDCD

情态 BDACB BADDB ACDAB BBCDD ADAAC

宾补 1-5 ACABC 6-10 BBCBA 11-15 CDCBC 16-20 AADAA

主谓aadca/ dcbcb/ccadd/ddbdcc/ada

名从 1-30 CBCDC BCBCB BDADA ABCDB AADBB DBDBD 31-45: BBADD CCBAB CBDCD

情态 BDACB BADDB ACDAB BBCDD ADAAC

宾补 1-5 ACABC 6-10 BBCBA 11-15 CDCBC 16-20 AADAA