雅思阅读临场4步答题技巧

“Humming”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了9篇雅思阅读临场4步答题技巧，这次小编在这里给大家整理后的雅思阅读临场4步答题技巧，供大家阅读参考。

雅思阅读临场4步答题技巧

篇1：雅思阅读临场4步答题技巧

雅思阅读临场4步答题技巧 Ieltser可以了解一下

雅思阅读答题技巧第一步：考生拿到阅读试卷后应该首先应该闭上眼睛，稳定一下自己的情绪。因为很多考生反映由于做听力时过于兴奋，在阅读考试时无法稳定自己的情绪，结果导致阅读考试时十八般武艺未充分发挥。在此也提醒考生，切勿在考官喊“开始”之前翻开试卷答题。因为这将被考官视为作弊，有的考生被直接赶出考场，取消其考试资格;还有的考生被考官记下名字，并在名字后注明“扣一分”;当然也有考生比较幸运，考官虽然记下其名字，但后来却未算其作弊;因为怎样惩罚考生有是取决于很多因素的，如考官心情、性格等。

雅思阅读答题技巧第二步：待考官说“开始”后，考生们要做的是浏览三篇文章的文章标题，看自己对哪篇文章的话题最为熟悉，然后选择最为熟悉的一篇开始做。有的考生按照试卷给出的文章的顺序依次做，结果第二篇文章的话题是其最陌生的，结果考生花费25分钟来做题，但有的题目依然未找到答案，结果导致第三篇文章虽然狂简单，但时间不够，最后剩的几道题只能猜答案，结果可想而知。其实阅读考试的答题时间是60分钟，每篇文章要求是用20分钟，但并未规定三篇文章要先做哪篇;并且雅思阅读文章涉及的都是大众科学，对于熟悉的话题，有的题目可以直接利用常识做出，根本不用看文章，如剑7 Ant Intelligence中的判断和摘要、剑 5 Flawed Beauty: the problem with toughened glass 中的摘要及剑六 The Search for the Anti-aging Pill中的配对题;对于熟悉话题的文章，题目不用20分钟就可以完成，这样就可以把时间留给话题最不熟悉，最难的那一篇。(提醒考生，如果有的文章没有标题或标题不理解，旁边会有插图帮助理解)

雅思阅读答题技巧第三步：在判断好先做哪篇文章之后，下面要决定的就是先做哪种题型了。我们对要考到6.5分以上并且基础好的考生和最多要考到6分并且基础差的考生有不同的建议。

最多只要考到6分并且基础差的考生：建议考生在题目中先搜索最简单的题目即送分题(流程题、填图题、表格题、简答题、完成句子题)去做，然后再找自己有把握性的题型去做，也就是遵循由易到难的题型原则，最后对于那些难题，利用老师讲过的捷径去做即可;而不是按照考卷所给出的题型顺序去做，因为往往考卷给出题型的难度通常是由大到小，考生即使先做难题，效果也不会很好，而且浪费时间，导致送分题没时间做。同时提醒考生们注意，在定位时送分题的对应信息往往出现在文章后几段。

要考到6.5分以上并且基础好的考生：建议这部分考生按照考卷所给出的题型顺序去做题。因为要考到高分对较高的正确率有要求，而且这部分考生基础较好，具备了对付难题的能力;同时，难题如标题配对题和其他简单题型的考察点不同，也就是说，标题配对题考察考生把握整体信息、归纳总结的能力，而其他题型考察考生定位具体信息并理解的能力。如果考生先做标题配对题，对文章脉络和整体信息已经有所把握，在做其他题型时，一方面可以迅速定位，另一方面有的题型可以直接确定答案，而无需回原文定位。当然对于某题型中的难题，考虑到考试时间限制，还是建议考生先放弃，最后有时间再返回攻克它。

雅思阅读答题技巧第四步：在接下来的做题过程中，建议考生：

首先看题目说明，因为雅思题目说明中会有陷阱和线索。如判断题就比较阴险，它会有两种题目要求：TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN和YES/NO/NOT GIVEN;很多考生答题时不细心就会把TRUE写成YES，那这道题就白做了。而其他题型中如摘要题中又会有线索，如：complete the summary of the last two paragraphs;这就给考生提供了题目在原文中对应内容的范围，找答案就相当容易了。另外有的题型如细节配对题和在给定单词中选答案的摘要题的题目说明中会给出：NB Any letter can be used more than once;这就提示考生答案会有重复使用的状况。

接下来考生要读题目，判断好题目类型，因为题型不同，特点和做题技巧就不同。判断好题型后，考生们则需要在题目中划定位词。

然后就是在文章中定位了(标题配对题除外，除非用捷径)。定位时要注意，定位词在原文中会“36变”，也就是说定位词在原文出现的形式有很多种：原词(仅限定位词为专有名词、专业术语和物质名词)、同义词/短语、近义词/短语、上义词、下义词、反义词的否定形式等。所以考生决不能总想着找原词，同时考生们应该在平时增加词汇的积累，运用词群记忆法来记忆单词。

雅思阅读素材积累：Coarse work

BRITISH universities, it appears, are considering abandoning a 200-year old system of degree classification in favour of the American GPA model. At present, students are bunched into grade clusters. The top 10-20% receive a “1st”, the majority receive a “2.1” or “two-one” and the stragglers receive either a “two-two” or a “3rd”. The latter group can be very small (5%) at the elite universities but is larger nationally.

The main reasoning for this is that it is hard for employers to distinguish between graduates if everyone has a 2.1 grade. But it is possible for employers to ask for a full transc ript of individual grades, though this is not nearly as common in Britain as you might expect. The stronger point (which you might have already picked up on) is that the existing system can be difficult to interpret internationally. Adopting the GPA system would be helpful to undergraduates wishing to study or work abroad.

I think this might be missing a trick. My experience of the 1st/2.1/2.2 system is that it has a very strong effect on students' work effort. For weaker students, either those of lower natural ability or the more workshy, fear of the notorious “Desmond” (cockney rhyming slang after the eponymous archbishop) is the ultimate motivator. Many attractive careers simply advertise the minimum requirement of a 2.1, and therefore getting the lower grade can be quite a handicap in the job market.

For stronger students, the aspiration of a first, the only true distinguisher in the system, is also a strong incentive. The risk is that working quite hard could leave you with only a high 2.1, largely indistinguishable from all other 2.1's. The crudeness of the grading system drags everyone up.

An interesting paper by Pradeep Dubey and John Geanakoplos of the Cowles foundation at Yale Univeristy makes the same point. They write:

Suppose that the professor judges each student's performance exactly, though the performance itself may depend on random factors, in addition to ability and effort. Suppose also that the professor is motivated solely by a desire to induce his students to work hard. Third and most importantly, suppose that the students care about their relative rank in the class, that is, about their status. We show that, in this scenario, coarse grading often motivates the student to work harder.

One might think that finer hierarchies generate more incentives. But this is often not the case. Coarse hierarchies can paradoxically create more competition for status, and thus better incentives for work.

They give a simple example. Suppose there are two students, Brainy and Dumbo, with disparate abilities. Brainy achieves a uniformly higher score even when he shirks and Dumbo works. Suppose, for example, that Dumbo scores between 40 and 50 if he shirks, and between 50 and 60 if he works, while Brainy scores between 70 and 80 if he shirks and 80 and 90 if he works. With perfectly fine grading, Brainy will come ahead of Dumbo regardless of their effort levels. But since they only care about rank, both will shirk.

But, by assigning a grade A to scores above 85, B to scores between 50 and 85, and C to below 50, the professor can inspire Dumbo to work, for then Dumbo stands a chance to acquire the same status B as Brainy, even when Brainy is working. This in turn generates the competition which in fact spurs Brainy to work, so that with luck he can distinguish himself from Dumbo. He doesn't want to be mislabelled. With finer grading everyone gets their own label so this effect disappears.

The corollary to this in my example is that if the brainy student knows that even when slacking off he will still do measurably better than most students he may decide that he can still get a very good job with 70 to 80. There may be students who score 80 to 90 with superior credentials but academic performance is only part of the hiring criteria. If he can signal himself as a brainy student he might think this is enough.

However, critical to all this is that all exams are taken together, as they are at Oxford or Cambridge universities, usually at the end of the degree in a consecutive-day marathon. The trend in other British universities has been to examine various courses throughout the degree. The result is that those in the middle of the ability range can work very hard at the beginning, bank a 2.1 and then slack off in the remaining years. It is partly for this reason that those universities pushing hardest for the changes have exams split across years. Oxford and Cambridge are less keen.

篇2：雅思阅读答题技巧

时间安排包括：第一，完成每篇文章的时间建议控制到 20 分钟左右;第二，公平对待每篇文章和每道题目，保持良好心态，尽量不要因为前面的文章题目苦苦思索、做不出来，影响做下一篇文章的注意力和心情。

当你每篇文章的完成时间控制在 20 分钟左右，小站君建议大家阅读文章的时间可以控制在 6 - 8 分钟，做题时间控制在 12 - 14 分钟，这样能够保证每道题都至少分配到了 1 分钟。

雅思阅读答题技巧2：找到你最熟悉的话题

拿到试卷后，建议大家先快速浏览3篇文章的题目，了解各自的文章主题，然后选择你最熟悉的话题，或者你觉得最容易把握的一篇。毕竟，我们每个人的所学专业、兴趣爱好和经历都不一样，有时候很多考生觉得陌生的主题，有可能反而是你的擅长领域。

比如，剑桥 12 中 Test 8 的阅读部分，第三篇文章题目为：UK companies need more effective boards of directors，属于金融和企业管理方面的主题，很多同学都觉得比较难，但是也有同学刚好主修金融专业，他们就可以首先从这一篇来入手。

雅思阅读答题技巧3：合理规划做题策略

雅思阅读的题目总共包含几大类：Heading， Matching，TFNG (YNNG)，Multiple-Choice，Completion，Summary。

本质上其实可以分为：判断题和填空题。

因为 Heading 题其实是去判断小标题和原文哪段信息相符合;Matching 是判断每道题和原文哪部分信息相一致，TFNG (YNNG)也是判断某个信息与原文是否相符合;Multiple-Choice 是判断每一个选项是否在原文有依据。而 Completion，Summary都是填空题。

既然判断题和填空题都是去原文找依据，所以也不必过分在意做题顺序。具体的做题策略可以参考如下：

1)审题(仔细阅读每个题目要求)

2)定位(根据题干和选项的关键词用笔记在文章中进行定位)

3)理解(包括理解相关原文和选项，对比得出答案)

总的来说，拿下雅思阅读，在考场上离不开合理的时间管理和考场策略，当然最重要的，还是要保持良好的心态。

篇3：雅思阅读答题技巧

雅思阅读解析：判断题

判断题是雅思阅读一个难点题型，首先考生要明确一点，究竟是TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN还是YES/NO/NOT GIVEN，因为审题不清失分的现象太严重，小站雅思君这里还要再次强调一下。

关于Not Given和False的区别，这里有一个技巧，Not Given字面意思是无法推理获得，true和false之间判定是可以在题干中加not，判定是否符合原意，但是not given不具备这种条件。

Not given因为是没有直观的证据支持题干，所以它的特征是没有比较，明显的或者隐形的比较都没有，比较级、最高级都不行。

雅思阅读解析：细节配对题

雅思细节配对题的题目会提示：NB: any letter /word can be used more than once，也就是说题目中的答案是可以重复的，题干既然说了会重复，那么考生们要注意有些选项是不会被用到，必然是有选项是重复的情况，那么在做关键词定的时候，要注意定位信息是否会重复用到。

雅思阅读解析：选择题

选择题在雅思阅读中的占比较大，也是考生备考复习的重点题型，先来看一下雅思阅读选择题的特点：1.考察细节。选择题主要考察的是考生对于文章细节的定位和把握，考生需要抓住题干信息中的关键词，迅速在文中定位到答案。

2.顺序原则。选择题还是一句文章顺序出题，所以考生如果遇到定位困难，可以在两题之间缩小搜寻答案的范围。

3.多选题的答案相对集中。多选题的答案在原文中并是比较集中的，考生的搜寻定位范围就缩小很多。

雅思阅读解析：填空题

填空题也是雅思阅读的主要题型，建议考生从几个方面考虑，先读题，找出关键词，判断词性，定位文章关键段落位置。找不到关键词的情况下，可以更具上下题目缩小范围，再利用同义词替换的方法，精准定位。

关于阅读长难句的整理

为了方便广大考生更好的复习，我们整理了雅思阅读长难句，以供各位考生考试复习参考,希望对考生复习有所帮助。愿大家都能取得好成绩。

1. Looking beyond the 10-year period， the botanists estimate that some 3，000 native plant species may become extinct in the foreseeable future — more than 10 percent of the approximately 25，000 species of plants in the United States.

译文：在展望后的情况时植物学家们估计，在未来可预见到的时间内， 3000种本地植物——占美国近25 000种植物的10%——将可能灭绝。

2. The annual migrations of wildfowl and many other animals certainly cannot be regarded as a form of exploration， because such movements are actually only shifts from one habitat to another for the purpose of avoiding seasonal climatic variations?

译文：野生禽类和许多其他动物每年的迁徙，当然不能被看做是一种探险行为，因为，这些迁徙活动实际上只是从一个栖息地转移到另一个栖息地，以躲避气候的季节性变化。

3. Proponents of G-M foods argue using biotechnology in the production of food products has many benefits： it speeds up the process of breeding plants and animals with desired characteristics; can be used to introduce traits that a product wouldn‘t traditionally have; can improve the nutritional value of products; and can produce cheaper and more environmentally?friendly fertilizers.

译文：转基因食物的倡导者指出，用生物技术生产食物有很多益处：它能加速作物和牲畜的生长速度，并使它们具有所要求的特点;它可以给食物增添以往不具备的特征;可以改进食物的营养价值;可以生产出廉价、环保效果更好的肥料。

4. What makes this debate unique is that every meal we eat is at its very core. And that fact means one thing： it‘s an issue to be discussed not only around policy tables, but dinner tables.

译文：使这场辩论不同一般的是：我们吃的每顿饭都成为争论的中心。而且，这个事实意味着一件事：这不仅是政策制定会上应该讨论的问题，而且是饭桌上要讨论的问题。

5. “Contact us before writing your application” or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history“ is how it is usually expressed.

译文： “写申请前同我们联系”，“利用我们多年的经验来准备你的学历或工作经历”，这种广告经常这样宣传。

阅读长难句解析一例

例题：Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent，he shows that the slaves’ preference，revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent，was very much for stable monogamy.

难句类型：插入语

译文：虽然古特曼承认，由于奴隶买卖而造成的被迫离散甚为频繁，但他还是证明，奴隶的偏爱——在那些奴隶买卖并不频繁的种植园上被最为显著地揭示出来——在很大程度上侧重于稳定的一夫一妻制(monogamy)。

解释：在这个雅思阅读长难句中，插入语的使用revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent, 后半个分句中的主语that slaves' preference与系动词was离得太远，造成阅读的困难。

意群训练：Although Gutman admits / that forced separation/ by sale was frequent，/he shows that the slaves’ preference，/revealed most clearly/ on plantations /where sale was infrequent，/was very much for stable monogamy.

篇4：高考临场答题技巧

考前一周，想大幅度提高知识水平已不太可能，但是如果方法掌握得当，在高考考场上拿到出人意料的高分，成为黑马也是有可能的。想在高考考场上考出优异的成绩，不但需要扎实的基础知识、良好的心态做基础，临场考试的技巧也是重中之重。许多老师为考生做最后冲刺的指导，在高考最后几天，为学生做心理的全面辅导，并提出了如下高考答题建议。

调整好状态，控制好自我

在考前的几天要及时调整作息时间，做一些自己喜欢的事，尽量放松自己，从心理上暗示自己：一定可以考出满意的成绩，先从心理上肯定自己。作为老师和家长也要多给学生一些自信心，不少家长从高三开始就总是把高考挂在嘴边，一见孩子就说高考、谈分数，也在无形中增加了考生的压力。殊不知，家长们看似关心的言语也会给孩子带来无形的压力

针对考前的焦虑综合症，有过多年毕业班教学经验的刘老师表示，家长要多尊重孩子，对高考的态度是孩子尽力就行，不要抱过高期望;考前不指责，以鼓励为主，建议为辅，为孩子营造轻松复习环境，多陪孩子做适当的运动，减轻心理负担。

审题要慢，做题要快

审题很关键，在考场上，很多考生都是因为紧张而审不清题，造成没理解问题而丢分，所以，面对试题要逐字逐句看清楚，只有细致地审题才能从题目本身获得尽可能多的信息。找到解题方法后，书写要简明扼要，快速规范，不拖泥带水，牢记高考评分标准是按步给分，关键步骤不能丢，但允许合理省略非关键步骤。中下题目通常占全卷的80%以上，是试题的主要部分，也是考生得分的主要来源。谁能保质保量地拿下这些题目，就已打了个胜仗，有了胜利在握的心理，对攻克高难题会更放得开。

解题过程卡在某一环节上是常见的。这时，我们可以假定某些结论是正确的往后推，看能否得到结论，或从结论出发，看使结论成立需要什么条件。如果方向正确，就回过头来，集中力量攻克卡壳处。如果时间不允许，就要学会放下。很多时候，在接下来的答题过程中，会蹦出刚刚卡壳时的解题思路。

篇5：高考临场答题技巧

高考临场答题技巧

考前一周，想大幅度提高知识水平已不太可能，但是如果方法掌握得当，在高考考场上拿到出人意料的高分，成为黑马也是有可能的，想在高考考场上考出优异的成绩，不但需要扎实的基础知识、良好的心态做基础，临场考试的技巧也是重中之重。许多老师为考生做最后冲刺的指导，在高考最后几天，为学生做心理的全面辅导，并提出了如下高考答题建议。

调整好状态，控制好自我

在考前的几天要及时调整作息时间，做一些自己喜欢的事，尽量放松自己，从心理上暗示自己：一定可以考出满意的`成绩，先从心理上肯定自己。作为老师和家长也要多给学生一些自信心，不少家长从高三开始就总是把高考挂在嘴边，一见孩子就说高考、谈分数，也在无形中增加了考生的压力。殊不知，家长们看似关心的言语也会给孩子带来无形的压力

针对考前的焦虑综合症，有过多年毕业班教学经验的刘老师表示，家长要多尊重孩子，对高考的态度是孩子尽力就行，不要抱过高期望;考前不指责，以鼓励为主，建议为辅，为孩子营造轻松复习环境，多陪孩子做适当的运动，减轻心理负担，

审题要慢，做题要快

篇6：雅思阅读临场经验总结

取舍之后剩余的可能都是一些不会做的难题，此时或许剩余时间已经不多，没办法仔细去文章中寻找答案，只能根据已经掌握的信息去猜题。首先，我们要了解哪些题型是可以使用猜题技巧，雅思阅读中有判断正误题和选择题是可以使用猜题技巧，因为这些题目不涉及到像填空题中的具体词汇，可以猜测答案。其次，我们要了解如何猜题。当我们做完会做的题目后，对于文章的主旨已经有了了解，所以在做这类题目的时候可以结合主旨和排除法来猜测正确答案，比如判断题明显违背主旨的可以猜False，选择题中明显违背主旨的可以先排除掉，这样可以大大增加猜题的正确率。猜题技巧只是在时间不够用时的一种临时解决办法，建议大家在平时练习中努力提升阅读速度，尽量保证自己能够在规定时间内完成所有题目。

以上是关于雅思阅读临场经验总结的内容，大家在备考雅思的阅读的时候也要了解考试中的一些经验，做题前先审清题目再动笔，遇到不会的题目不要死磕，懂得取舍，实在不会做的题目可以通过猜题技巧来猜测正确答案。

雅思阅读分类题如何解答

分类题(Categorizing)

在分类题中，一般有三个类别(我们可以称之为甲、乙、丙)以及一些项目，要求是将这些项目分别归入这三个类别之中。在文章中，一般会讲述两种不同的事物，我们姑且称它们为A和B. 类别甲中归入与A类事物有关的项目，类别乙中归入与B类事物有关的项目，而类别丙中归入与A和B都有关的项目。

在文章中，作者会对A和B 两类事物进行分别探讨和互相比较，因此我们在阅读时就必须注意作者在谈论和比较A和B 的时候是否提到这些项目，并把这些项目归入到适当的类别中去。一般来说，作者会在不同的段落中讲述A和B 两类事物，不过有时A和B 会在同一段落中被提到，因为作者要把它们作一个详细的比较。

T: Desktop publishing

3 The first stage in the old method of preparing INFO was the gathering together of all text, photographs and graphics which would make up the bulk of the magazine. The next step was marking the text for the printer---a rather laborious, and occasionally hit-and-miss affair! In essence, this meant judging the approximate length of the articles and choosing appropriate print sizes and styles (fonts). The appropriately marked pages were then sent to the printer for type-setting. The end-product of this type-setting phase is called a galley and takes the form of continuous columns on long sheets of paper.

4 At this stage the fun begins! All the columns of text have to be cut and manually pasted onto sheets of paper marked out in columns, to give the layout for each page of the magazine. If one had misjudged the length of text at the type-setting phase, then screams of agony would mingle the pervading smell of glue in the editorial offices as a very stressed editor wrangles bits of text and photographs. The flexibility of this old system was very limited, page layout was largely pre-determined and type-setting errors meant long and time-consuming proof-reading, both at the galley stage and at the final page proof stage. An additional problem with the old method is the length of time between the copy date (stage 1) and the publication of the magazine (about six weeks for INFO).

5 Desktop publishing made our life a lot easier. Now with our new system, we first type the text of the article on an ordinary word-processing package (MultiMate Advantage II is used but any other package is usable) or we ask our contributors to send us their article on a disk, typed with almost any word processor on an IBM or compatible PC computer. The second stage is to design the page frame, i.e. size, number of columns and margins. We then place the text in the page with an easy command called “Autoflow”.

6 The third stage is the design of the layout: placing illustrations and choosing the most suitable typeface. At the last stage, we print the articles on the laser printer and pass them on to colleagues to be proof-read. After making all corrections, the files containing our next INFO are copied on to a disk and sent to our printers for publication.

Q: Below are headings showing the sages involved in printing any document. According to the

information in the passage:

write T if the stage is necessary in traditional printing;

write D if the stage is necessary with desktop publishing;

write TD if the stage is necessary in both methods.

I1 gathering input

I2 designing page frame

I3 marking text

I4 type-setting

雅思阅读临场4步答题技巧 I5 page design

I6 cutting and pasting

I7 proof-reading

解题：这里选取的是文章的第三到第六段，其中三、四两段谈论traditional printing(T)，而五、六两段探讨desktop publishing(D)。在traditional printing中，首先是the gathering together of all text, photographs and graphics，其次是marking the text for theprinter，再其次then sent to the printer for type-setting，然后是have to be cut and manually pasted onto sheets of paper marked out in columns, to give the layout for each page of the magazine，最后是long and time-consuming proof-reading;而在desktop publishing中，首先是ask our contributors to send us their article on a disk，其次是design the page frame，然后是the design of the layout，最后we print the articles on the laser printer and pass them on to colleagues to be proof-read. 根据这些列出的两种印刷方法的各个步骤，我们可以准确地将上述的项目进行归类：I1 gathering input --- TD;I2 designing page frame --- D;I3 marking text --- T;I4 type-setting --- T;I5 page design --- TD;I6 cutting and pasting --- T;I7 proof-reading --- TD.

雅思阅读考试多选题解题方法

多选题是雅思阅读考试里一项比较难而且比较另类的题型，因为其他任何题型只会有一个答案与之对应，而多选题往往会要从选项中选出2-3个答案。很多同学会觉得多选题不知道从何下手，在别的题目中使用的关键词定位技巧在这类题目中有点茫然。

其实多选题并没有想象的那么难，用一句话来介绍我喜欢用的方法是：把多选题的每一个选项都转化为一个True/False/Not Given题来做。做完之后，所有选True的选项便是应该选择的正确答案。

比如剑4-94页的20-21题：

The list below gives some statements about anthropology.

Which TWO statements are mentioned by the writer of the text?

A It is important for government planners.

B It is a continually growing field of study.

C It often involves long period of fieldwork.

D It is subdivided for study purpose.

E It studies human evolutionary patterns.

那么我们可以把5个选项看做5个TFNG题，然后去解答这些TFNG题。因为TFNG往往是大家练习得很多，现存的技巧很多，特别具有“定位+做题”特色的题，所以大家做起来会觉得轻车熟路。直接划出每个选项中的关键词，如government planners, growing field, filedwork, subdivide, evolutionary patterns. 接下来用这些词去定位，会发现只有D和E是true，其他的都是NG，所以正确答案就是DE。

简析词汇量对雅思阅读考试的影响

阅读中的定位与判断

很多同学每次做阅读总是找不到答案，特别是truefalsenotgiven题，找到了也不一定能做对。其实这应该是2个问题，一是定位，二是判断。定位方面，主要依靠宏观顺序和微观线索词进行定位。注意看题目在大题内都是按照顺序来出，这样可以依靠总体顺序来进行大概位置的判断，再对题干所具有的线索词进行细节查找即可。如果说是判断方面的问题的话，培训界总结出的方法很多，我个人还是觉得简单些好。

段落题的做题思路

段落题这种题目的确是人见人喊打。做题的思路主要分为两种：1，对阅读速度快的同学，可每看一段就选择一次的方法来进行。但这样做的话，别的题型难道还重新再来定位，重新再来做么?其实不然，在这一段的读取过程中，已经把最重要的几个核心考点句读懂，这时候就不只是做matching段落题，而是所有这段涵盖到的题目，不管什么题型，一概都做了，这样就可以节省很多时间，并且很少会有找不到题目所在的情况。但是这个办法需要同学的速度非常快才行，也就是说，在不加额外训练的条件下，能够把3篇文章在50分钟内做完的同学比较适合这种方法。第二个思路就是宏观分析的思路。首先确定雅思阅读文章从结构上分为哪几种类型，再把这几种类型的结构详细进行了解。这时候我们可以先确定一篇文章的类型，再把后面的待选句子按照内容含义和文章结构来进行排序，这样就可以理出一个顺序来。比如说123456题，被我们排完序以后应该是546231这样的顺序，则本文的第一、二段最有可能的答案是第5句，这时候只需要迅速在这两段里寻找第5句的信息就可以了。这是比较迅速的找法。

重视词汇对阅读的影响

单词记忆的问题分成1、学术类单词;2、技术类单词。前者大约5000个，后者没有上限，多者可达20万。雅思的考点设置全部在于第一类单词。这类单词需要利用大字典进行详细了解，尤其是例句的阅读必须全部读懂，可以不记，但必须全部读懂。这就需要各位同学自备大字典来进行逐一查阅。查阅这一步很关键，这是和背单词手册最大的区别所在。

控制阅读时间

首先，尝试利用时间微调来进行时间缩短。比如说，今天的3篇做完需要1小时10分钟，那么明天定时为1小时8分钟，后天定时为1小时6分钟。逐渐缩小范围，是可以达到效果的。第二，不可省略先读题目的步骤。但我不认为通读题目是必要的。只能说，通读题干，划关键线索词。对选项是不可以随便阅读的。

最后一个月的准备工作

首先是题型必须非常熟悉。我建议，每个题型划出连续的几天时间来进行专攻。把每个特定题型的解题思路全部摸准。其次，把语法问题好好解决一下。你读不懂单词量是一方面，但更麻烦的一方面肯定是语法问题。做新概念3的中文翻译英文，对照原文英文进行批改。这样做能短期提高语法实力。

篇7：雅思阅读临场经验总结

雅思阅读考试中题目类型多样，大家在做题之前一定要审题，审清题，看清楚题目要求以后再做题，不要凭着直觉去做。比如雅思填空题中有只填一个单词的，也有不多于两个单词的，不要不看题目全部按只填一个单词来做题。雅思阅读中还有选择题，有的题目是单选题，有的题目是多选题，如果不看题目要求直接做题也很容易弄错。而且有的题目可能会要求大家选出所有选项中不正确的一项，虽然题目中已经着重标注了不正确，但有的同学还是一看A选项没问题就直接选上。所以，看清题目要求对于雅思阅读考试来说非常重要，建议大家平时做题时就养成好习惯，到了考场上更要仔细仔细再仔细。

雅思阅读临场经验二如何做到适当取舍

雅思阅读文章很长，有可能不能完全读完，雅思阅读题目很多，有可能不能完全做完，所以大家在做雅思阅读的时候一定要懂得取舍。首先，不要死磕不会做的题目。雅思阅读中难免会出现一些自己在文中找不到答案的题目，建议做标记后先放过这道题去做其他会做的，不要浪费掉宝贵的考试时间。其次，题目难易度做到心中有数。雅思阅读考试中取舍原则是不要舍弃简单题目，因为简单题目是大家的得分题，所以在备考时要了解自己擅长哪些题型，考试中哪些题目能快速做完且正确率很高，然后按照题目类型来安排序做题顺序，确保会做的题目都能做完。

篇8：雅思阅读怎么有技巧答题

雅思阅读题怎么答

目的性阅读

当大参加雅思考时做雅思阅读考又或是在阅读英文文献时，大要把握的是文章里大所需要的信息，大把它叫做“核心信息”，但剩下方面和全文的理解或者解题没有直接的关系，属于“非必要信息”，但是大阅读的主要目的是尽可能的挖掘出文章中的“核心信息”，但是针对“非必要信息”，那么是不要求彻底和完整的理解，相当于是所谓的“目的性阅读法”。

STEP ONE“出题点的定位”

“出题点的定位”表示通过寻找合适的定位词，判断题目相应考点在文章里对应所在的位置。但是此过程中，核心的方法是寻找到比较合适的定位词，所谓比较合适的定位词是可以有助于大用比较快的速度定位到题目精准的出题位置，再直接进入下一个信息判断的步骤。

STEP TWO 文章主要信息的把握

雅思阅读题定位词判断完毕以后，大通常是会面临对于文章主要信息把握的必要性的困扰，时常会有考生提出“是不是要求简单阅读文章”的问题，对于这一点，建议是“因地制宜”，按照定位词特性做出不一样的判断，若大在划定位词的过程里发现题目里牵涉到特殊定位词的情况较多，如此按照已有的特殊定位词，同时结合相关题型的顺序原则和阅读文章的“顺序”或“并列”式出题思路，考生真正能够不用把握每一段的信息来完成题目，那么，在这种情况下，阅读每一个段落没有必要了。

STEP THREE“相关信息的判断”

当把定位工作完成后，考生还要开始对题目信息和稳重对应信息做相关性的判断，此时通常要求大同义反义词、和同义反义表达的分析，因此，在备考过程中，积累常考单词的同义和反义表达是必备的功课，还可以获得阅读高分的关键。

雅思阅读材料：如何对付自己的多疑症

A little critical, analytical thinking is a good thing. Without doubting ourselves sometimes we'd find it difficult to make good decisions.

有一些批判性、分析性思维是一件好事。有时候，不自我怀疑的话，我们就很难做出好的决定。

Too much doubt, though, can stop us living our lives to the full. Some people can never make up their minds about their careers, their love lives or much else.

但是，太多的怀疑也会让我们的生活不得圆满。有些人就是难以对他们的事业、爱情或者其他许多东西做出决定。

The problem is that we can never really know what the outcome of our decisions will be, that's the nature of life. But the person who never takes a risk, however small, never gets anywhere. At some point, after a little looking, you've got to leap.

问题是，我们从来都不会真正清楚我们做的决定会带来什么样的后果，这就是生活的本质。然而，那些连一个小小的风险都不敢冒的人，是什么都不会得到的。有时候，稍作观望之后，你就应该奋力一搏。

Doubt your doubt

怀疑你的怀疑

This is a fascinating counter-intuitive case when lack of confidence in your own thoughts. Perhaps learning to doubt the doubt more will offer one way of helping to escape from some of the crippling effects of excessive self-doubt. It is interesting that doubting your doubt can work to dispel the original doubt.

当你对自己的想法不够自信的时候，怀疑你的怀疑就是对付“怀疑”这种本能反应的绝招。也许，学会怀疑“怀疑”能给我们提供多一种对付过度怀疑的方法。有趣的是，怀疑你的怀疑恰恰是驱散你原始怀疑的有效方法。

雅思阅读材料：用微波炉热饭安全吗?

Is microwaving food safe? 7 nutrition myths debunked

Do you need to drink one glass of water for every caffeinated beverage you drink? Are “white foods” like onions less nutritious than broccoli? Is dark chocolate really rich in antioxidants? Read on to learn the truth about seven common nutrition myths.

1Myth: Multigrain foods are rich in whole grains

When a food is labeled ”multigrain,“ it means that more than one type of grain was used in the product -- though none of them are necessarily whole grains. This is also true for products such as “seven-grain” bread.

Whole grain means all the parts of the grain kernel -- the bran, germ and endosperm -- are used, allowing for a more nutritious product compared to foods made with refined grains. Whole-grain foods contain nutrients, fiber, and other healthy plant compounds found naturally in grain.

According to an article in the Journal of Nutrition, there is consistent epidemiological evidence indicating that whole grain foods substantially lower a person's risk for developing chronic diseases, such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer and also play a role in body weight management and digestive health.

To make sure a product is whole grain, look at package labels. The first ingredient listed should contain the word “whole,” such as “whole wheat” or “whole oats.” The USDA recommends healthy adults consume about 6 ounces of total grains per day, and that at least half of those grains (3 ounces) are whole grains.

2Myth: White vegetables lack nutritional value

While you may have been told to steer clear of “white foods” for good health, this advice does not hold up when it comes to white vegetables. Cauliflower, onions, mushrooms, turnips and even potatoes are packed with just as many nutrients as their colorful veggie counterparts. Eating white vegetables can increase intake of fiber, potassium, magnesium, and other vitamins and minerals – in addition to improving overall vegetable consumption, according to a paper published in Advances in Nutrition. The next time you add color to your salad, don’t forget the white.

3Myth: Dark chocolate has more healthful flavanols than milk chocolate

Dark chocolate is often perceived as healthier than milk chocolate because it contains higher concentrations of cocoa. However, dark chocolate does not necessarily have more cocoa flavanols than milk chocolate.

Naturally found in fresh cocoa beans, cocoa flavanols are a unique group of plant nutrients (phytonutrients) that research indicates may help improve circulation, cardiovascular health and blood flow to the brain. According to The National Confectioners Association’s Chocolate Council, the cocoa percentage marked on a chocolate’s label isn’t a reliable indicator of flavanol amounts.

“Cocoa flavanols are easily destroyed by typical processing techniques including the amount of time, temperature and moisture when making cocoa or chocolate. This process starts from the time the cocoa beans are harvested and continues throughout processing,” said Hagen Schroeter, Director of Cocoa Flavanol Research at Mars, Inc.

If you are looking to add more cocoa flavanols to your diet, Schroeter recommends additional sources, such as cocoa extract supplements.

4Myth: Cut calories to lose weight

While cutting calories will likely help you drop a few pounds in the short term, Alyse Levine, a registered dietitian nutritionist and founder of the Eating Reset weight loss program, says if calorie restriction is your main focus, you’ll likely gain more weight in the long term.

“Everyone thinks weight loss is about what they are eating, but losing weight for the long run comes down to why and how you eat,” Levine said.

Rather than focusing on consuming a set number of calories a day, Levine advises her clients take a more holistic approach to weight loss.

“There are three very simple-sounding things I tell people to do to lose weight for the long run: Eat when you are physically hungry, choose whatever foods will satisfy you and stop when you are more than comfortably full,” Levine said.

The problem with strict dieting is that it often forces you to ignore physical hunger cues, which can eventually lead to over-indulging. Levine’s philosophy gets you in touch with your physical hunger, creating a healthier dynamic for long-term weight loss.

5Myth: Dietary supplements are a waste of money

Recent recommendations by the U.S. Preventative Services Task Force indicate a lack of evidence that a daily multivitamin will ward off major diseases like cancer and heart disease. However, that doesn’t mean dietary supplements don’t play an important role in your overall wellness, particularly for certain groups of people.

“Some populations like women who are or may become pregnant, people with nutrient deficiencies or malabsorption problems, strict vegetarians or vegans, and older adults may need supplements to meet their increased needs,” said Caroline Kaufman, a registered dietician nutritionist based in Los Angeles.

If you choose to take a multivitamin, Kaufman recommends talking to your health care provider to determine the right type for you as needs vary depending on diet, health history, age and medical conditions. In addition, it’s important to look for quality brands that have been tested and verified by a third-party organization, such as the United States Pharmacopeia (USP).

6Myth: Microwaving food destroys nutrients

This is an old nutrition myth – recently reiterated comically by Jennifer Lawrence’s character in the movie American Hustle – but microwaving food does not destroy nutrients. In fact, according to Kaufman, in some cases microwaving food offers health benefits.

“A fast and convenient way to steam vegetables, microwaving can help people retain more water-soluble nutrients often lost when drowning vegetables in water and cooking them too long. Microwaving also helps preserve heat-sensitive nutrients like vitamin C due to a faster cook time,” Kaufman said.

In addition, partially cooking meat in the microwave means less cooking time over an open flame.

“Microwaving meat before pan-frying or grilling can substantially reduce the formation of potentially cancer-causing chemicals, caused heterocyclic amines (HCAs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which cause cancer in animals, and may be linked to colorectal, pancreatic and prostate cancer in humans,” Kaufman advised.

7Myth: Coffee is dehydrating

A January study published in the journal PLOS ONE found that, contrary to popular belief, your morning cup of coffee will not dehydrate you. Researchers analyzed the hydration status of 50 male coffee-drinkers when they drank four mugs of coffee each day compared to when they drank four cups of water each day and found no difference between the two beverages.

While this is good news for coffee drinkers, Kaufman warns healthy adults should consume no more than 400 mg of caffeine a day -- that’s about 4 cups of brewed coffee, one “venti” Starbucks coffee or 10 cups of green tea. Consuming over 600 mg of caffeine each day is considered “too much” by the FDA because overdoses can be harmful and possibly lethal.

“While caffeinated beverages may help you meet your fluid requirements, in excess, caffeine can have negative effects on health like anxiety, agitation, headaches, insomnia, increased heart rate, dental caries, and more,” Kaufman said.

篇9：雅思阅读选择题答题技巧

【阅读题型讲解】雅思阅读选择题答题技巧

雅思阅读选择题目前在每周一次的考试趋势中，还是相当重要的。如此高频的题目，却又被认为是“特别好定位，总是做不对”，继四大主流题型之后的又一“让人会呼吸的疼”。小站老师将在本文中以真题为例帮大家详细讲解做选择题的方法和步骤。

我们一起来看看雅思专家来分析一道雅思六Test 4 Reading Passage 3的第32题：

Until recently, not much was known about the topic, and little help was available to teachers to deal with bullying. Perhaps as a consequence, schools would often deny the problem. “There is no bullying at this school” has been a common refrain, almost certainly untrue. Fortunately more schools are now saying,” there is not much bully here, but when it occurs we have a clear policy for dealing with it.”

The writer thinks that the declaration “There is no bullying at this school”

A. is no longer true in many schools

B. was not in fact made by many schools

C. reflected the school’s lack of concern

D. reflected a lack of knowledge and resources

第一，明确一点，雅思阅读选择题是顺序原则的题。通常来说，一个段落定位一道题，最多一个段落会出现两道选择题的定位点。

第二，先读题干，通过题干到文中定位，题干中的话加上了引号，说明是引用，发现在文中显而易见，在该段的第三行，很多学生习惯性的看该句的后面，很快遇到了生词refrain,然后再往下看，看到了untrue, 发现和第一个选项很相像，所以毫不犹豫选A。其实选择题里最具有干扰的、最具有迷惑性的就是选项和文中的句子长得相似，多半是错误答案。还有一部分学生是往前看了，看到了schools deny the problem, 学校否认问题，立马产生联想，学校一定是缺乏关心，才否认问题，所以立刻选C, 这样的学生犯了最大的错，就是过度推断，雅思阅读只考察字面意义上的同义转换。其实deny the problems的前面，出现了很重要的逻辑关系词as a consequence, 这一词组后面接的是结果，前面是原因，题干定位在as a consequence的后面，说明这道题是想考察产生这件事的原因，所以答案是这段第一句话的同义改写。

第三，定位到确切的句子，找同义改写not much was known about the topic, and little help was available to teachers to deal with bullying. 这句话中出现了两个否定，一是对欺负不了解，二是得到老师的帮助来处理欺负很少，符合D选项中的否定词lack, knowledge and resources.

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析

1 There’s a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall on timescales of around 100，000 years - exactly the same period as between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicist who has created a computer model of our star’s core.

2 Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax， Virginia， modelled the effect of temperature fluctuations in the sun’s interior. According to the standard view， the temperature of the sun’s core is held constant by the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusion. However， Ehrlich believed that slight variations should be possible.

3 He took as his starting point the work of Attila Grandpierre of the Konkoly Observatory of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. In 2005， Grandpierre and a collaborator， Gábor ágoston， calculated that magnetic fields in the sun’s core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma. These instabilities would induce localised oscillations in temperature.

4 Ehrlich’s model shows that whilst most of these oscillations cancel each other out， some reinforce one another and become long-lived temperature variations. The favoured frequencies allow the sun’s core temperature to oscillate around its average temperature of 13.6 million kelvin in cycles lasting either 100，000 or 41，000 years. Ehrlich says that random interactions within the sun’s magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other.

5 These two timescales are instantly recognisable to anyone familiar with Earth’s ice ages： for the past million years， ice ages have occurred roughly every 100，000 years. Before that， they occurred roughly every 41，000 years.

6 Most scientists believe that the ice ages are the result of subtle changes in Earth’s orbit， known as the Milankovitch cycles. One such cycle describes the way Earth’s orbit gradually changes shape from a circle to a slight ellipse and back again roughly every 100，000 years. The theory says this alters the amount of solar radiation that Earth receives， triggering the ice ages. However， a persistent problem with this theory has been its inability to explain why the ice ages changed frequency a million years ago.

7 “In Milankovitch， there is certainly no good idea why the frequency should change from one to another，” says Neil Edwards， a climatologist at the Open University in Milton Keynes， UK. Nor is the transition problem the only one the Milankovitch theory faces. Ehrlich and other critics claim that the temperature variations caused by Milankovitch cycles are simply not big enough to drive ice ages.

8 However， Edwards believes the small changes in solar heating produced by Milankovitch cycles are then amplified by feedback mechanisms on Earth. For example， if sea ice begins to form because of a slight cooling， carbon dioxide that would otherwise have found its way into the atmosphere as part of the carbon cycle is locked into the ice. That weakens the greenhouse effect and Earth grows even colder.

9 According to Edwards， there is no lack of such mechanisms. “If you add their effects together， there is more than enough feedback to make Milankovitch work，” he says. “The problem now is identifying which mechanisms are at work.” This is why scientists like Edwards are not yet ready to give up on the current theory. “Milankovitch cycles give us ice ages roughly when we observe them to happen. We can calculate where we are in the cycle and compare it with observation，” he says. “I can’t see any way of testing [Ehrlich’s] idea to see where we are in the temperature oscillation.”

10 Ehrlich concedes this. “If there is a way to test this theory on the sun， I can’t think of one that is practical，” he says. That’s because variation over 41，000 to 100，000 years is too gradual to be observed. However， there may be a way to test it in other stars： red dwarfs. Their cores are much smaller than that of the sun， and so Ehrlich believes that the oscillation periods could be short enough to be observed. He has yet to calculate the precise period or the extent of variation in brightness to be expected.

11 Nigel Weiss， a solar physicist at the University of Cambridge， is far from convinced. He describes Ehrlich’s claims as “utterly implausible”. Ehrlich counters that Weiss’s opinion is based on the standard solar model， which fails to take into account the magnetic instabilities that cause the temperature fluctuations.

Questions 1-4

Complete each of the following statements with One or Two names of the scientists from the box below.

Write the appropriate letters A-E in boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet.

A. Attila Grandpierre

B. Gábor ágoston

C. Neil Edwards

D. Nigel Weiss

E. Robert Ehrlich

1. ...claims there a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall in periods as long as those between ice ages on Earth.

2. ...calculated that the internal solar magnetic fields could produce instabilities in the solar plasma.

3. ...holds that Milankovitch cycles can induce changes in solar heating on Earth and the changes are amplified on Earth.

4. ...doesn’t believe in Ehrlich’s viewpoints at all.

Questions 5-9

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage?

In boxes 5-9 on your answer sheet write

TRUE if the statement is true according to the passage

FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage

NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage

5. The ice ages changed frequency from 100，000 to 41，000 years a million years ago.

6. The sole problem that the Milankovitch theory can not solve is to explain why the ice age frequency should shift from one to another.

7. Carbon dioxide can be locked artificially into sea ice to eliminate the greenhouse effect.

8. Some scientists are not ready to give up the Milankovitch theory though they haven’t figured out which mechanisms amplify the changes in solar heating.

9. Both Edwards and Ehrlich believe that there is no practical way to test when the solar temperature oscillation begins and when ends.

Questions 10-14

Complete the notes below.

Choose one suitable word from the Reading Passage above for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 10-14 on your answer sheet.

The standard view assumes that the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusions hold the temperature ...10...in the sun’s interior， but the slight changes in the earth’s ...11... alter the temperature on the earth and cause ice ages every 100，000 years. A British scientist， however， challenges this view by claiming that the internal solar magnetic ...12... can induce the temperature oscillations in the sun’s interior. The sun’s core temperature oscillates around its average temperature in ...13... lasting either 100，000 or 41，000 years. And the ...14... interactions within the sun’s magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other， which explains why the ice ages changed frequency a million years ago.

Answer keys and explanations：

1. E

See the sentences in paragraph 1(There’s a dimmer switch inside the sun that causes its brightness to rise and fall on timescales of around 100，000 years - exactly the same period as between ice ages on Earth. So says a physicist who has created a computer model of our star’s core.) and para.2 (Robert Ehrlich of George Mason University in Fairfax， Virginia， modelled the effect of temperature fluctuations in the sun’s interior.)

2. A B

See para.3： ?i style=’normal’>Grandpierre and a collaborator， Gábor ágoston， calculated that magnetic fields in the sun’s core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma.

3. C

See para.8： Edwards believes the small changes in solar heating produced by Milankovitch cycles are then amplified by feedback mechanisms on Earth.

4. D

See para.11： Nigel Weiss， a solar physicist at the University of Cambridge， is far from convinced. He describes Ehrlich’s claims as “utterly implausible”.

5. False

See para.5： for the past million years， ice ages have occurred roughly every 100，000 years. Before that， they occurred roughly every 41，000 years.

6. False

See para.7： “In Milankovitch， there is certainly no good idea why the frequency should change from one to another，” ... Nor is the transition problem the only one the Milankovitch theory faces.

7. Not Given

See para.8： if sea ice begins to form because of a slight cooling， carbon dioxide?is locked into the ice. That weakens the greenhouse effect. (The passage doesn抰 mention anything about locking Co2 into ice artificially.)

8. True

See para.9： there is no lack of such mechanisms. “If you add their effects together， there is more than enough feedback to make Milankovitch work，”?“The problem now is identifying which mechanisms are at work.” This is why scientists like Edwards are not yet ready to give up on the current theory.

9. True

See the sentences in para.9 (According to Edwards，卙e says. “I can’t see any way of testing [Ehrlich’s] idea to see where we are in the temperature oscillation.”) and para.10 (Ehrlich concedes this. “If there is a way to test this theory on the sun， I can’t think of one that is practical).

10. constant

See para.2： According to the standard view， the temperature of the sun’s core is held constant by the opposing pressures of gravity and nuclear fusion.

11. orbit

See para.6： Most scientists believe that the ice ages are the result of subtle changes in Earth’s orbit，匛arth’s orbit gradually changes shape from a circle to a slight ellipse and back again roughly every 100，000 years.

12. instabilities

See para.3： ?i style=’magnetic fields in the sun’s core could produce small instabilities in the solar plasma. These instabilities would induce localised oscillations in temperature.

13. cycles

See para.4： …allow the sun’s core temperature to oscillate around its average temperature of 13.6 million kelvin in cycles lasting either 100，000 or 41，000 years.

14. random

See para.4： Ehrlich says that random interactions within the sun’s magnetic field could flip the fluctuations from one cycle length to the other

雅思考试阅读理解提分训练试题及答案

1. The failure of a high-profile cholesterol drug has thrown a spotlight on the complicated machinery that regulates cholesterol levels. But many researchers remain confident that drugs to boost levels of 'good' cholesterol are still one of the most promising means to combat spiralling heart disease.

2. Drug company Pfizer announced on 2 December that it was cancelling all clinical trials of torcetrapib， a drug designed to raise heart-protective high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)。 In a trial of 15000 patients， a safety board found that more people died or suffered cardiovascular problems after taking the drug plus a cholesterol-lowering statin than those in a control group who took the statin alone.

3. The news came as a kick in the teeth to many cardiologists because earlier tests in animals and people suggested it would lower rates of cardiovascular disease. ”There have been no red flags to my knowledge，“ says John Chapman， a specialist in lipoproteins and atherosclerosis at the National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) in Paris who has also studied torcetrapib. ”This cancellation came as a complete shock.“

4. Torcetrapib is one of the most advanced of a new breed of drugs designed to raise levels of HDLs， which ferry cholesterol out of artery-clogging plaques to the liver for removal from the body. Specifically， torcetrapib blocks a protein called cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP)， which normally transfers the cholesterol from high-density lipoproteins to low density， plaque-promoting ones. Statins， in contrast， mainly work by lowering the 'bad' low-density lipoproteins.

Under pressure

5. Researchers are now trying to work out why and how the drug backfired， something that will not become clear until the clinical details are released by Pfizer. One hint lies in evidence from earlier trials that it slightly raises blood pressure in some patients. It was thought that this mild problem would be offset by the heart benefits of the drug. But it is possible that it actually proved fatal in some patients who already suffered high blood pressure. If blood pressure is the explanation， it would actually be good news for drug developers because it suggests that the problems are specific to this compound. Other prototype drugs that are being developed to block CETP work in a slightly different way and might not suffer the same downfall.

6. But it is also possible that the whole idea of blocking CETP is flawed， says Moti Kashyap， who directs atherosclerosis research at the VA Medical Center in Long Beach， California. When HDLs excrete cholesterol in the liver， they actually rely on LDLs for part of this process. So inhibiting CETP， which prevents the transfer of cholesterol from HDL to LDL， might actually cause an abnormal and irreversible accumulation of cholesterol in the body. ”You're blocking a physiologic mechanism to eliminate cholesterol and effectively constipating the pathway，“ says Kashyap.

Going up

7. Most researchers remain confident that elevating high density lipoproteins levels by one means or another is one of the best routes for helping heart disease patients. But HDLs are complex and not entirely understood. One approved drug， called niacin， is known to both raise HDL and reduce cardiovascular risk but also causes an unpleasant sensation of heat and tingling. Researchers are exploring whether they can bypass this side effect and whether niacin can lower disease risk more than statins alone. Scientists are also working on several other means to bump up high-density lipoproteins by， for example， introducing synthetic HDLs. ”The only thing we know is dead in the water is torcetrapib， not the whole idea of raising HDL，“ says Michael Miller， director of preventive cardiology at the University of Maryland Medical Center， Baltimore.

Questions 1-7

This passage has 7 paragraphs 1-7.

Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.

Write the correct number i-ix in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

List of Headings

i. How does torcetrapib work?

ii. Contradictory result prior to the current trial

iii. One failure may possibly bring about future success

iv. The failure doesn't lead to total loss of confidence

v. It is the right route to follow

vi. Why it's stopped

vii. They may combine and theoretically produce ideal result