“yaya”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了16篇语法教案：非谓语动词，下面就是小编给大家分享的语法教案：非谓语动词，希望大家喜欢!
篇1：语法教案：非谓语动词
分类说明
非谓语动词包括三种形式：动词不定式、动词的-ing形式及动词的过去分词。所谓非渭语动词，它虽不具有动词的性质，即在句子中充当谓语，但仍然具有动词的特征，即可带有本身宾语或状语构成非谓语动词短语，在句子中作除谓语以外的任何成分。
在非谓语动词的复习中须注意：
1，非谓语动词的否定式
不定式的否定式是在不定式to前加not，如：not to go there；动词-ing形式及过去分词的否定式是在动词-ing形式及过去分词之前加not，如：not knowing about it，not having got it。not informed。
2．非谓语动词的逻辑主语
动词不定式、动词的-ing形式作主语时，可以没有自己的主语，也可带有自己的主语。动词不定式的主语一般用介词for／of接代词的宾格或名词，成为It’s +adj．+for／of sb．to do sth．形式；动词的-ing形式的主语一般用形容词性物主代词或名词的所有格。
动词不定式、动词的-ing形式作宾语时，它们的逻辑主语一般就是句子的主语。但
动词的-ing形式可以有自己的逻辑主语，其形式一般为代词的宾格、名词的普通格名词的所有格。
动词不定式、动词的．ing形式及动词的过去分词作状语时，它们的逻辑主语一般就是句子的主语。当非谓语动词的动作是句子主语发出的时，用主动形式；当非谓语动词的动作是句子主语所承受的时，用过去分词、不定式或动词的-ing形式的被动形式；当动词不定式、动词的．ing形式或过去分词的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，前面可用代词的主格或名词的普通格作逻辑主语，从而形成独立主格结构。
动词不定式、动词的．ing形式及动词的过去分词作状语时，有的已经从非谓语动词中游离出来而成为固定的短语，从而没有自己的逻辑主语，如：judging by／from，provided／providing，given，to be true，tell you the truth，let alone…
3．非谓语动词的时态
动词不定式一般表示发生在谓语动作之后的事情，若要表示发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前的事情，须用不定式的完成式；动词的-ing形式一般表与谓语动词动作同时进行的动作，若要表示发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前的事情，须用动词的-ing形式的完成式。
4．非谓语动词的应用
(1)作主语：动词不定式作主语表示特定的、一次性的事情；动词的-ing形式作主语表示经常性的、习惯性或职业性的事情。
(2)作宾语：熟悉并掌握哪些动词接不定式作宾语；哪些动词或短语接动词的-ing形式作宾语；哪些动词或短语既可接动词不定式又可接动词的-ing形式作宾语。need，want，require接动词的．ing形式作宾语，表被动意义，相当于接不定式的被动形式。
(3)作表语：动词不定式表示某一特定的行为，尤其是将来的行为或有待于实现的行为；动词的-ing形式并不强调动作，而只说明动作的名称。
(4)作宾语补足语：熟悉并掌握哪些动词或短语接不定式作宾语补足语；哪些动词或短语接动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语；哪些动词或短语既可接动词的-ing形式又可接不定式作宾语补足语；何时用主动形式作宾语补足语，何时用被动形式或过去分词作宾语补足语。
(5)作定语：A．注意非谓语动词的形式：不定式作定语一般用主动式，只有当不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语或宾语时，才用被动式；动词的一ing形式、过去分词作定语时，如果动作是所修饰的词发出的，就用动词的．ing形式；如果动作是所修饰的词承受的，就用过去分词。B．非谓语动词的位置：不定式、动词的．ing形式及过去分词短语作定语时，都要放在所修饰的词之后；单个的动词的．ing形式或过去分词作定语时，一般放在所修饰的词之前。
特别需注意：N．+doing +n．／N．+done +n．的区别：动作由名词发出或是名词的目的或内容时用-ing形式，如：an English speaking country，Tree Planting Day；动作是名词承受的时用过去分词，如：a horse driven car，mall．made satellites。
不及物动词的不定式作定语，与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系时，不及物动词后面的介词不能丢。
(6)作状语：A．注意句子的主语跟非谓语动词动作的关系；B．非谓语动词起相同作用时的区别，如：不定式、动词的-ing形式都能表示结果，但不定式一般表示出乎意料的结果，不定式前面常用only，never等词修饰；而动词的．ing形式表示一种事情发展的自然或必然的结果。不定式、动词的-ing形式都能表示目的，但不定式作目的状语时，一般位于句首，若位于句末时不能用逗号将它与句子分开；动词的-ing形式表示目的时．一般位于句尾，并且常用逗号将它与句子分开。
5．不定式to的省略
(1)动词see，watch，hear，feel，notice，observe，look at．1isten to．1et，have，make接不定式作宾补时，不定式的to应省略，但句子变为被动语态时，不定式的to不能省略。
(2)and，but等连接两个不定式时，若and，but等前面有do的某种形式时，后面不、定式的to应省略。
(3)不定式作表语时，若主语中有do的某种形式，表谓不定式的to应省略。
回放真题
真题1(甘肃、青海卷25)
It shames me to say it，but I told a lie when ________at the meeting by my boss．
A．questioning B．having questioned C．questioned D．to be questioned
【答案及解析】 C根据非谓语动词的动作与句子主语的关系，可排除选项A、B；根据句子谓语动词与非谓语动词所表示的动作先后关系，答案选c，表被动及完成。
真题2(2004甘肃、青海卷27)
Alice returned from the manager’s office，________me that the boss wanted to see me at once．
A．having told B．tells C．to tell D．telling
【答案及解析】D根据句子结构排除选项B；根据句子谓语动词所表示的动作与非谓语动词所表示的动作的时间顺序，答案选D。
真题3(2004重庆卷30)
Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents _______.
A．worried B．to worry C．worrying D．worry
【答案及解析】A get接宾语补足语表宾语的动作、状态、身份等。宾语与补足语是被动的主谓关系，而过去分词正好表被动意义。get sb worried意思是：让某人担忧。
真题4(2004广东卷26)
________the programme，they have to stay there for another two weeks．
A. Not completing B．Not completed
C．Not having completed D．Having not completed
【答案及解析】 C根据非谓语动词的否定形式的构成，排除选项D；根据非谓语动词与句子主语的关系，排除B；根据句子的意思，没有完成计划的动作应发生在have to stay动作之前，故答案选C。
真题5(2004福建卷27)
The news reporters hurried to the airport，only ________the film stars had left．
A．to tell B．to be told C．telling D．told
【答案及解析】 B 根据句子的意思，记者们赶到机场时发现意外的结果．因此，排除C、D；根据与句子的关系，不是记者告诉他人，而是人家告诉记者，故答案选B。
真题6(2004福建卷34)
Having been ill in bed for nearly a month，he had a hard time ________the exam．
A．pass B．to pass C．passed D．passing
【答案及解析】D have a hard time(in)doing sth．意思是：在……方面有困难。
真题7(2004湖北卷28)
________with the size of the whole earth，the biggest ocean does not seem big at a11．
A. Compare B．When comparing C．Comparing D．When compared
【答案及解析】D根据句子结构，排除选项A；根据动词与主句主语的关系，排除选项B、C；故答案选D。
真题8(2004辽宁卷25)
I don t know whether you happen ________，but I’m going to study in the U．S．A．this September．
A. to be heard B．to be heating C．to hear D．to have heard
【答案及解析】D根据后半句的内容，“我”将去美国学习，可知前半句是问对方是否已听说过“我”的事情了。故答案选D，表示在此之前。
真题9(2004辽宁卷30)
________by the beauty of nature，the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm．
A．Attracting B．Attracted C．To be attracted D．Having attracted
【答案及解析】 B根据动词与句子的主语的关系，女孩被吸引，从而排除选项A、D；再根据时间关系，C表示将来的情况，而句子是过去的事实，答案选B。
真题10(2004浙江卷29)
Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company，________as 3M．
A. knowing B．known C．being known D．to be known
【答案及解析】 B分词形式作定语，grow为及物动词，不带宾语，故选B。
真题11(2004浙江卷32)
I’ve never seen anyone run so fast ________David go．
A．just watch B．just to watch
C．just watching D．just having watched
【答案及解析】A根据破折号及just的用法，故采用祈使句形式，答案选A。
真题12(2004江苏卷25)
The man insisted ________ a taxi for me even though I told him l lived nearby．
A．find B．to find C．on finding D．in finding
【答案及解析】 C insist on doing sth是个固定短语，意为坚持做某事。
真题13(2004广西卷22)
Helen had to shout above the sound of the music．
A．making herself hear B．to make herself hear
C．making herself heard D．to make herself heard
【答案及解析】D短语作状语表结果、伴随、原因等，但若表目的，应用动词不定式。本题意为：为了能让自己被人听见，Helen只好大喊。Make oneself done意为：让自己被……，故D为正确答案。
真题14(2004广西卷31)
Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV；there are pictures ________in your mind instead of before your eyes．
A．to form B．form C．forming D．having formed
【答案及解析】C forming在句中作定语。Forming in your mind=which forms in your mind．
真题15(2004江苏卷31)
The old man，________abroad for twenty years，is on the way back to his motherland．
A．to work B．working C．to have worked D．having worked
【答案及解析】 D现在分词完成式表主动和完成(到谓语动作发生时，非谓语的动作已完成)。
真题16(2004全国[河南、河北、山东、福建]28)
Sarah．hurry up．I’m afraid you can’t have time to ________before the party．
A．get changed B．get change C．get changing D．get to change
【答案及解析】A不定式短语作目的状语，而根据句子的意思，从句的主语you不是给人家更衣，而是给自己更衣，它是不定式动作的承受者，故答案选A，表示被动语态。意思是：没有时间来更衣了。
真题17(2004四川卷28)
“We can’t go out in this weather，”said Bob，________out of the window．
A．1ooking B．to look C．looked D．having looked
【答案及解析】A现在分词一般式表伴随，表Bob说话的同时往窗口外望；B表示未发生的动作；C表示完成；D表示动作发生在said之前，都不符题意，故答案选A。
真题18(2004上海卷27)
According to a recent U．S．survey，children spent up to 25 hours a week ________TV．
A．to watch B．to watching C．watching D．watch
【答案及解析】C spend的用法：spend some time／some money in doing sth。
真题19(2004上海卷33)
The flu is believed ________by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat．
A．causing B．being caused C．to be caused D．be have caused
【答案及解析】c不定式作补足语时，如果不定式的动作是前面名词或代词发出，用主动形式；若前面名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式用被动语态。因此答案选C。
真题20(2004上海卷34)
The flowers _________sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature．
A．to smell B．smelling C．smelt D．to be smelt
【答案及解析】 B现在分词作定语，说明被修饰词目前的性质，状态、动作等。
真题21(2004上海卷35)
The disc，digitally _____in the studio，sounded fantastic at the party that night．
A．recorded B．recording C．to be recorded D．having recorded
【答案及解析】A动词的-ing表示主动，意思是前面名词所发出的动作，说明当前的性质、状态或动作；过去分词表被动或完成；不定式表将来；动词的-ing的完成时指动作发生在句子动作之前，也表主动。根据本题意思，正确答案为A，表示被录制的唱片。
真题22(2004上海卷42)
Having been attacked by terrorists，________．
A．doctors came to their rescue B．the tall building collapsed
C．an emergency measure was taken D．warnings were given to tourists
【答案及解析】 B分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。由前面分词的语态可知，句子的主语应该是the tall building，因此答案选B。
真题23(2004上海卷49)
Some people like dinking coffee，for it has ________effects．
A．promoting B．stimulating C．enhancing D．encouraging
【答案及解析】 B promoting：提升的，enhancing：加强的，encouraging：鼓励的，与题意不符。只有B表有刺激性的，能说明咖啡有刺激作用。故答案为B。
真题24(2004天津卷34)
Don’t leave the water ________while you brush your teeth．
A．run B．running C．being run D．to run
【答案及解析】 B非谓语动词作宾语补足语时，选项A、D表示将来可能的动作；B、C表示一直不停的动作，而B表示宾语发出的动作，c表示宾语承受的动作。根据句子意思，答案选B，指水不停地流出。
真题25(2004北京卷23)
My advisor encouraged--a summer course to improve my writing skills．
A．for me to take B．me taking C．for me to take D．me to take
【答案及解析】D考查动词encourage sb．to do sth．的结构。意思是：我的顾问鼓励我去参加暑季课程以提高我的写作技巧。
真题26(2004北京卷29)
________in the queue for half an hour，Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home．
A．To wait B．Have waited C．Having waited D．To have waited
【答案及解析】 C考查分词短语作状语。当Tom意识到钱包忘在家里时，已经排队等了半小时。因此，答案选C，表示分词的动作发生在句子谓语动词的动作之前。
真题27(2004湖南卷33)
You were silly not ________your car．
A．to lock B．to have locked C．1ocking D．having locked
【答案及解析】 B考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知：这是对已发事故的责备，没有锁车的行为发生在责备之前，应该用完成式，排除A、C；再根据非谓语动词的含义，不定式表示某具体的事情，而动词的-ing形式表示经常性或习惯性的行为，从而可推知答案选B。
真题28(2004北京春季卷32)
He looked around and caught a man ________his hand into the pocket of a passenger．
A．put B．to be putting C．to put D．putting
【答案及解析】D catch sb doing sth意为发觉某人正在做某事，doing sth在此用作宾补。选项A表示前面名词所承受的动作，不妥；选项B表示将来某个时候正在做的事情；选项c表示事情还没有做，都不合情理。
真题29(2004上海春季卷35)
I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon．Do you have anything ________?
A．to be buying B．to buy C．for buying D．bought
【答案及解析】B 动词不定式作定语，当它的逻辑主语为句子的主语时，用主动形式。
真题30(2004上海春季卷39)
The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ________as the plane was making a landing．
A．seat B．seating C．seated D．to be seating
【答案及解析】C remain可作连系动词，相当于be。再看seat的用法：seat oneself in／on／at…可转化为：sb be seated in／on／at…。
真题31(2004上海春季卷40)
Victor apologized for ________to inform me of the change in the plan-
A．his being not able B．him not to be able
C．his not being able D．him to be not able
【答案及解析】C首先，apologize的句法结构为apologize for one’s／sb doing sth，于是排除B、D，再看非谓语动词的否定式：否定词必须在非谓语动词的前面。故答案选C。
真题32(2004上海春季卷42)
After his journey form abroad，Richard Johns returned home，________．
A．exhausting B．exhausted C．being exhausted D．having exhausted
【答案及解析】 B exhausting与exhausted意义区别。exhausted意思是：感到精疲力竭的，说明主语的状态；exhausting意为：令人精疲力竭的，说明主语的性质或特征。根据语境Richard是人，只能用选项B来表示他所处的状态。而A、C、D在此都不合题意。
真题33(全国卷22)
A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________in the kitchen．
A．smoke B．smoking C．to smoke D．smoked
【答案及解析】 B考查非谓语动词在句中作及物动词被动语态的主语补足语的用法。find接补足语时的句型为find sb／sth doing／to be…／to have done．．．／done．不能接其它不定式作补足语。根据句意，只有厨师在厨房里正吸烟时被发现才能被解雇。因此，只能用现在分词表进行，不能用动词不定式(不定式常表示“具体的”已发生的或未发生的行为)。译文：如果(有人)发现厨师在厨房里吸烟，他就会马上被解雇。
真题34(2003北京卷21)
The teacher asked us ________so much noise．
A．don’t make B．not make C．not making D．not to make
【答案及解析】D考查不定式用法。在动词ask后面用不定式作复合宾语．其否定形式是not to do。常见的这类动词还有：tell，warn, order, advise等。
真题35(2003北京卷28)
________time，he’11 make a first-class tennis player．
A. Having given B．To give C．Giving D．Given
【答案及解析】D考查非谓语动词。句意：要是给他时问，他会成为一流的网球运动员。不定式作状语表示目的，排除B。分词作状语要看与主语的关系。句子主语he是give的逻辑宾语，用过去分词。注意当从句主语和主句的主语保持一致时，从句可省略(If he is)，排除A和c项。
真题36(2003上海卷37)
The discovery of new evidence led to ________．
A．the thief having caught B．catch the thief
C．the thief being caught D．the thief to be caught
【答案及解析】C lead to这个词组中to是介词，后面跟名词，于是B、D被排除；the thief是动名词逻辑上的主语，构成动名词的复合结构，与catch之间应是被动关系，故排除A。
真题37(2003上海卷43)
An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered ________ clear warnings before firing any shots．
A. to issue B．being issued C．to have issued D．to be issued
【答案及解析】 A order后应按不定式，即order sb to do sth，因此B被排除。又因为issue clear warnings(发出明显警告)的主语是all the soldiers，也就是说all the soldiers是issue的施动者，所以issue要用主动形式，D也被排除。句子没有强调动作对现在造成的影响，不必用完成时态，而且句子中的had been ordered所接的动作，指命令后要做而还未做的事，故只用一般不定式。答案为A。
真题38(2003北京春季卷35)
Mr. Smith，________of the ________speech, started to read a novel．
A. tired；boring B．tiring；bored C. tired；bored D．tiring；boring
【答案及解析】 A tired of“感到厌倦”，过去分词作状语，常用来形容人；boring“令人厌烦的”，形容词，常用来形容物。所以其中状语可分解为：Mr. Smith was tired of the speech．The speech was boring．译文：听烦了乏味的演讲，Mr. Smith’读起了小说。
真题39(2003安徽春季卷22)
--Why did you go back to the shop?
--I left my friend ________there．
A. waiting B．to wait C．wait D．waits
【答案及解析】A leave sb doing使某人处于某种状态，这一动作持续一段时间。D排除，因此处应用非谓语动词；B、C无持续状态的意思。答案为A。
真题40(2003安徽春季卷28)
The manager ________his factory’s products were poor in quality，decided to give his workers further training．
A．knowing B．known C．to know D．being known
【答案及解析】A变为定语从句应为“ne manager．who knew his factory’s products were poor in quality…”know为主动，排除B、D。定语从句变为短语应用分词短语来表示。答案为A。
真题41(2003安徽春季卷32)
The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________whether he was going in the right direction．
A. seeing B．having seen C．to have seen D．to see
【答案及解析】 D 原句应为…as if he stopped and looked to see whether由于从句与主句有相同的主语和谓语，故将从句的主语、谓语同时省略，而只留下目的状语。
真题42(2003上海春季卷35)
Friendship is like money：easier made than ________．
A．kept B．to be kept C．keeping D．being kept
【答案及解析】A西方谚语中，常用单词的相同形式进行表达，m。d。和kept都是过去分词，表示被动。答案为A。
真题43(2003上海春季卷36)
________the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement．
A．The president will attend B．The president to attend
C．The president attended D．The president’s attending
【答案及解析】D从句子结构来看，句子中已经有谓语，故选项A排除；选项B为即将亲自参加会议的总统给他们鼓舞，讲不通，因为给出鼓舞的应该是事或精神，而不应该是人；选项C中的attended若作谓语，则与句子结构矛盾，若作过去分词，又与前面的“总统”的关系矛盾；因此，只有D正确，句子的意思是：“总统亲自出席这次会议”这件事给了他们莫大的鼓舞。
真题44(2003上海春季卷37)
Unless ________to speak，you should remain silent at the conference．
A．invited B．inviting C．being invited D．having invited
【答案及解析】A在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，当从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，从句的主语可以省略，而将从句中的谓语动词变为分词形式。当从句的谓语动词的动作为主句的主语所发出时，用现在分词形式；当从句的谓语动词的动作为主句的主语所承受时，用过去分词形式。
真题45(2003上海春季卷38)
She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role ________ in making the earth a better place to live．
A．to have played B．to play C．to be played D．to be playing
【答案及解析】 B根据句子中所暗含的时间，是指要起的作用，故排除选项A和D；而不定式作定语时，若不定式的动作为句子的主语或宾语所发出时，用主动语态而不用被动语态，故答案选B。
真题46(全国卷32)
Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple，but it remains ________whether they will enjoy it．
A．to see B．to be seen C．seeing D．seen
【答案及解析】 B这是一个主语从句。it作形式主语，whether they will enjoy it作真正的主语。remain后接to do sth．作表语。see与主语从句是动宾关系，所以要用to be seen作remains的表语。
真题47(2002全国卷34)
The research is so designed that once ________nothing can be done to change it．
A．begins B．having begun C．beginning D．begun
【答案及解析】D once begun在句子中作状语。begin可以作及物动词，意思是“着手”。译文：这项研究设计得那么好，一旦着手研究，就没有什么地方要更改的了。
真题48(2002北京卷34)
----How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?
----The key________ the problem is to meet the demand _______by the customers．
A．to solving；making B．to solving；made
C．to solve；making D．to solve；made
【答案及解析l B to放在key的后面作介词，后接动名词；过去分词短语
made by the customers作demand的定语。make与demand是动宾关系，所以要
用过去分词。这句话的意思是“解决问题的关键是满足顾客的要求”。
真题49(2002上海卷25)
In order to gain a bigger share in the international market，many state-run companies are striving ________their products more competitive．
A．to make B．making C．to have made D．having made
【答案及解析】 A strive to do sth=try to do sth“非常努力做某事”，动词不定式作目的状语，表示努力的目的。译文：为了在国际市场上取得更大的份额，许多国有公司正努力使自己的产品具有竞争性。答案为A。
真题50(2002上海卷30)
Quite a few people used to believe that disaster ________if a minor was broken．
A．was sure of striking B．was sure of having struck
C．was sure to be struck D．was sure to strike
【答案及解析】 D be sure of“对……确信，有把握”，主语必须是人。be sure to do sth“就要，一定会”，主语可以是人或物。动词不定式表示将要发生的事，意思是“就要……”。译文：过去很多人都认为如果镜子破了，一定会引起灾难。注意．be+形容词后接不定式的一般式，不用被动式。如：The problem is difficult for us to work out．我们很难解决这个问题。
真题51(2002上海卷33)
Though ________money，his parents managed to send him to university．
A．1acked B．1acking of C．1acking D．1acked in
【答案及解析】 C lack是及物动词，后接宾语money。his parents与lack是主谓关系，要用现在分词作状语。译文：虽然缺钱，他的父母亲还是想法让他上了大学。
真题52(2002上海卷34)
Don’t use words，expressions，or phrases ________only to people with specific knowledge．
A．being known B．having been known C．to be known D．known
【答案及解析】D know与words，expressions，phrases是动宾关系，要用过去分词作定语，表示被动。having been known是现在分词完成时的被动式，不能作定语。译文：不要使用只有具有专业知识的人才知道的词语。
真题53(2002上海卷38)
________to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one’s skin．
A．Exposed B．Having exposed C．Being exposed D．After being exposed
【答案及解析】C在非谓语动词中，用动名词或不定式来作主语，而分词和介词短语不能作主语，因此A、D被排除。在这个句子中，will do是谓语，缺少主语，要用动名词作主语。expose与one’s skin是动宾关系，所以要用动名词的被动式being exposed。译文：在阳光下晒太长时间对人的皮肤有坏处。
真题54(2002京、蒙、皖春季卷24)
Prices of daily goods ________through a computer can be lower than store prices．
A．are bought B．bought C．been bought D．buying
【答案及解析】 B goods是动词bought的逻辑宾语，所以用过去分词修饰，表被动。
真题55(2002上海春季卷25)
In some parts of London，missing a bus means ________for another hour．
A．waiting B．to．wait C．wait D．to be waiting
【答案及解析】 A mean doing sth．的意思是“意味着什么”。mean to do sth．的意思是“打算做什么”。译文：在英国的某些地方，赶不上公共汽车意味着要再等一小时。
真题56(2002上海春季卷29)
When ________，the museum will be open to the public next year．
A．completed B．completing C．being completed D．to be completed
【答案及解析】 A complete与museum是动宾关系，要用过去分词completed作状语，表示被动。译文：当这座博物馆建成后，将在明年向公众开放。to be completed作目的状语，不与when连用。答案为A。
真题57(2002上海春季卷37)
With a lot of difficult problems ________，the newly-elected president is having a hard time．
A．settled B．settling C．to settle D．being settled
【答案及解析】C 动词不定式to settle作difficult problems的定语表示现在或将来要解决的难题；过去分词settled作定语表示已经解决的难题；现在分词的被动式being settled作定语表示正在解决的难题。所提供的情境the newly．elected president is having a hard time说明新任总统现在和将来都有难以解决的问题，所以要用to settle作定语。
真题58(全国卷35)
_______such heavy pollution already，it may now be too late to clean up the river．
A．Having suffered B．Suffering C．To suffer D．Suffered
【答案及解析】A首先确定为主动语态，然后根据already又可判断用完成时。译文：由于已经受到如此严重的污染，现在清理河道可能太晚了。答案为A。
真题59(2001上海卷29)
D0 let your mother know all the truth．She appears _________everything．
A．to tell B．to be told C．to be telling D．to have been told
【答案及解析】 D tell是及物动词，后面要接宾语。因为在这个句子中，tell后面没有宾语，所以要用动词不定式的被动式。义因为知道了一切发生在告诉真相之前，所以要用动词不定式的完成式。译文：一定要把一切真相告诉你妈妈。她看上去已知道了一切事情。
真题60(2001上海卷31)
I really appreciate ________to relax with you on this nice island．
A．to have had time B．having time C．to have time D．to having time
【答案及解析】 B appreciate后接动名词作宾语。译文：我真的喜欢和你一起在这个迷人的小岛上放松一下。
真题61(2001上海卷38)
The bell ________the end of the period rang，________our heated discussion．
A．indicating；interrupting B．indicated；interrupting
C．indicating；interrupted D．indicated：interrupted
【答案及解析】 A the bell在句子中作indicate和interrupt的逻辑主语，所以要用现在分词。答案为A。
真题62(2001京、蒙、皖春季卷21)
________late in the morning，Bob turned off the alarm．
A．To sleep B．Sleeping C．Sleep D．Having slept
【答案及解析】A用不定式表示具体的目的，sleep late“睡懒觉”。译文：为了早上多睡一会儿，鲍勃关闭了闹钟。答案为A。
真题63(2001京、蒙、皖春季卷24)
One learns a language by making mistakes and ________them．
A．correct B．correcting C．corrects D．to correct
【答案及解析】 B介词by后接动名词，用and连接的两个表示并列成分的非谓语动词形式要一致。
真题64(2001上海春季卷28)
Sandy could do nothing but ________to his teacher that he was wrong．
A．admit B．admitted C．admitting D．to admit
【答案及解析】 A该句中的but是介词，后接动词不定式。当谓语动词是do，does或did时，后接不带to白怀定式；是其它动词时，后接带to的不定式。该句的谓语是could do nothing，要填动词原形admit。译文：山德不得不向老师承认自己错了。答案为A。
真题65(2001上海春季卷36)
Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ________some schools for Door children．
A. set up B．setting up C．have set up D．having set up
【答案及解析】B to devote sth．to后接动名词作宾语，即：devote sth．doing sth．。有的考生把all he had to当成了一个短语，误填了set up。实际上．a11 he had作devoted的宾语，是一个宾语从句。译文：利德先生决定用自己所有的一切为贫困儿童建造几所学校。
真题66(2001上海春季卷37)
________blood if you can and many lives will be saved．
A．Giving B．Give C．Given D．To give
【答案及解析】B if you can是条件状语从句。如果把这个句子转为简单句______blood and many lives will be saved．就可以确定这是一个“祈使句+and”的句型。
真题67(2001上海春季卷38)
________from heart trouble for years，Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes．
A．Suffered B．Suffering C．Having suffered D．Being suffered
【答案及解析】C 根据状语for years可判断用现在分词的完成式。译文：经受了多年心脏病折磨的痛苦，怀特教授无论走到哪里都不得不随身带着药。
真题68(全国卷19)
I’ve worked with children before，so I know what ________in my new job．
A．expected B．to expect C．to be expecting D．expects
【答案及解析】B 在非谓语动词中，疑问词后只接不定式。此句中“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。
真题69(2000全国卷22)
The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year．
A．early out B．carrying out C．carried out D．to carry out
【答案及解析】 C that they would like to see是定语从句；carried out作plan的定语表示被动。
真题70(2000上海卷22)
They’re not very good，but we like ________．
A．anyway to play basketball with them B．to play basketball with them anyway
C．to play with them basketball anyway D．with them to play basketball anyway
【答案及解析】B动词like后接宾语to play basketball；宾语后接with them；anyway为副词，用作状语，放在句末。
真题71(2000上海卷31)
He sent me an e-mail，________to get further information．
A．hoped B．hoping C．to hope D．hope
【答案及解析】 B现在分词hoping表示与send me an e．mail同时发生的动作。一些考生认为应该填不定式作目的状语。不定式作目的状语时，句子的正确形式是：He sent me an e-mail to get further information．如果要选择“hoped”时，句子的正确形式是：He sent me an e-mail and hoped to get further information。 “hoped”和“sent”作并列谓语。
真题72(2000上海卷37)
_____in 1636，Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States．
A．Being founded B．It was funded C．Founded D．Founding
【答案及解析】 c简单句的主语Harvard与Found是动宾关系，所以要用过去分词短语(Founded in 1636)作状语。
真题73(2000上海卷39)
The ________boy was last seen ________near the East Lake．
A．missing；playing B．missing；play
C．missed；played D．missed；to play
【答案及解析】 A missing是形容词，作boy的定语，意思是“失踪的”；而missed是miss的过去式，意思是“错过”，作谓语，排除C、D。was last seen playing表示被看见时正在玩。答案为A。
真题74(2000上海卷40)
Tony was very unhappy for ________to the party．
A．having not been invited B．not having invited
C．having not invited D．not having been invited
【答案及解析】D invite与Tony构成动宾关系，所以要用动名词的被动结构 (not having been invited)。not要放在非谓语动词的前面。选项A和C都是错误的形式。
The picture ________on the wall is painted by my nephew．
A．having hung B．hanging C：hangs D．being hung
【答案及解析】 B选项B表状态；而选项D表动作；is painted在句子中作谓语，所以要填hang的非谓语形式。因为hang+表方位的介词短语，hang是不及物动词，非谓语动词不能用被动式表示主动，所以要用现在分词。
真题76(2000京、皖春季卷17) ：
________the general state of his health，it may take him a while to recover from the operation．
A. Given B．To give C．Giving D．Having given
【答案及解析】 A过去分词Given构成的短语在句子中作状语，表示被动。意思是：“在……情况下，考虑到”。译文：考虑到他的健康情况一般，他手术后需要一段时间才能恢复。答案为A。
篇2：非谓语动词复习教案 :倒装句语法及巩固练习
完全倒装：
1.用于There be 句型和here,there,out,in,down,then,now,off,away,
+不及物动词＋主语（代词作主语时除外）的句型中。
Here comes the bus. Now comes your turn.
Away ran the little boy. 比较： Here she comes.
2.表语用句首时要倒装，其结构为：
(1)表语＋连系动词＋主语
Present at the meeting were Professor Smith and many other
Guests.
(2)过去分词＋连系动词＋主语
Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the
Chinese people.
(3)介词短语＋be(lie/live/stand)等＋主语
South of the city lies a big steel factory.
In the forest lives a tiger.
Under the tall tree stands an old man, who is Jim’s grandfather.
3.带有直接引语的句子位于引语后面或中间时，如
“Don’t make noise,please!” said the man.
比较：“Don’t make noise,please” he said.
4.为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语或状语可倒装。
They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat an old farmer.
Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens.
部分倒装：
1.用于never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,little,not until, at no time, rarely,
in no way,by no means 等含有否定意义的词的开头,引起部分倒装。
Not a word did he say at the meeting.
Never have I been to Beijing.
2.用于only 所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句开头时，引起主句
倒装。（但only 修饰主语时不倒装：如：Only Mr Smith can do it.)
Only in this way can we learn English well.
Only when the war was over in 1981 was he able to get happily back
to work.
3.用于由so,nor ,neither引起的表前者的情况也适合后者时，引起
倒装。如：－－I like swimming. --So do I.
--I didn’t pass the final examination. -- Nor/Neither did I.
试比较：--He is an American boy. --So he is.
4.由并列连词not only…but also, neither…nor连接的句子，
not only, neither放在句首时，引起部分倒装。
Not only does he write the words to the songs,but he also composes
the music.
5.用于由从属连词no sooner…than, scarcely…when/before, hardly…
when表示“一…就…”的概念，当no sooner, scarcely,或hardly置于
句首时，引起倒装。
Scarcely had I got home when it started to snow.
6.so …that的句型，如果so…提到句首，则构成部分倒装。
So loudly did he speak that people in the next room could hear him.
7.虚拟条件句有were,should,had 时，可将基提到句首，if 省略，
即构成倒装虚拟条件句。
Were I you,I would accept their invitation.
8.用于“形容词（副词，名词，动词）＋as(或though)”引导的让步
状语从句中，但主谓不倒装。如：
Pretty as she is, she is not clever.
Try as he would, he might fail again.
Much as he likes it, he won’t buy it.
如果从句中的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词。
如: Child as he was, he had to make a living.
二、巩固练习：
1.So ____ that no fish can live in it.
A.shallow is the lake B.the lake is shallow
C.shallow the lake is D.is the lake shallow
2.Little _____ about his own safety, though he was in great
danger himself.
A.does he care B.did he care C.he cares D.he cared
3._____ seen him before, ____ tell you his name?
A.Never have I;how I can B.I have never; how I can
C.Never have I; how can I D.I never have;how can I
4.Hardly _____ the bus stop _____the bus arrived.
A.we had got to; when B.we had got to; then
C.had we got to; than D.had we got to; when
5.-You seem to be an actor.
-- _____.I have played many parts in a lot of films.
A.So do I. B.So am I C.So I do. D.So I am.
6.____ ,he never seems able to do the work beautifully.
A.Try as he does B.As he tries
C.Try as does he D.As try he does
7.– I can’t see the picture well from here. --_____________.
A.Neither can’t I B.Neither I can
C.I can’t neither D.Neither can I
8.Not until he arrived home______ he find that his wallet had been
stolen.
A.did B.would C.when D.that
9.So carelessly _____ that he almost killed himself.
A.he drives B.does he drive C.did he drive D.he drove
10.Nowhere else in the world ______ cheaper tailoring than
in Hong Kong. A.a tourist can find B.can a tourist find
C.a tourist will find D.a tourist has found.
11._________ succeed in doing anything.
A.Only by working hard we can B.By only working hard we can
C.Only we can by working hard D.Only by working hard can we
12.Not only _____ repair bikes but he ____repair televisions.
A.he can; also can B.he can; can also
C.can he; also can D.can he; can also
13._____ did we go swimming in the Changjiang River.
A.Only B.Once C.Seldom D.When
14.So rapidly _____ that we could hardly follow him.
A.he spoke B.did he speak
C.he was speaking D.was he speaking
15.The door opened and _____ a middle-aged woman _____ an
expensive fur coat.
A.came in; in B.in came; in C.came in;on D. in came; on
16.____,he managed to send his daughter to school.
A.Poor man he was B.A poor man as he was
C.A poor man as was he D.Poor man as he was
17.No sooner ____ the thief stolen out of the store _____
he was caught by the collar.
A.did;when B.had;then C.had;suddenly D.had; than
18.When they hatch(孵化),_____ the little white worms.
A.come out B.out come C.out comes D.have come out
19._____my wife with a wallet in her hands just when I was
about to quarrel with a workmate about it.
A.There enter B.There entered
C.Entered there D.There entered into
20They thought somewhere in the desert _____ an ancient
city.
A.being B.lay C.was there D.lay there
04各省市高考--倒装句
1. There’s _____ cooking oil left in the house. Would you go to the corner store and get _____?
A. little; some B. little; any C. a little; some D. a little; any
2.- I would never ever come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible!
- _____.
A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I
3. ____ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.
A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring
C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring
4.Maybe you have been to many countries , but nowhere else_______ such a beautiful palace .
A.can you find B. you could find
C.you can find D.could you find
5. A modern city has been set up in________ was a wasteland ten years ago .
A. what B. which C. that D. where
6.I failed in the final examination last term and only then________ the importance of studies.
A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize
篇3：非谓语动词语法口诀
非谓语动词语法口诀
非谓语动词是高考中的热点，其考查量多、面广，几乎是必考的一个知识点。
1、动词的不定式
①不定式有标记， to与动词连一起。
②没有人称数变化， 动词特点它具备。
③主宾定状表补语， 唯独作谓不可以。
④not 加上不定式， 否定结构要牢记。
⑤疑问词与不定式， 构成短语有意义。
⑥仔细推敲多思考， 准确判断有依据。
解析：
①“to+动词原形”是它的基本构成形式，即不定式的标记。
②它没有人称和数的变化，不管主语是任何人称，单数还是复数，动词不定式都没有变化。但它仍保留动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语。
③它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点，所以，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补。
④“not +动词不定式”是它的否定形式，不要受其他否定式的影响，要记住规律。
⑤疑问代词what, who, whom, which和疑问副词where, when, why , how加上不定式在句中可以做主语，宾语、表语、状语。
⑥通过以上分析，只要仔细研究，把不定式的功能用法搞清楚，在应用时就能作出准确的判断。
2、动名词：
哪些动词后面只能接动名词，下面的顺口溜有助于记忆。
喜欢、考虑不可免(enjoy, consider, escape, avoid)
停止，放弃太冒险(stop, give up , risk)
反对想象莫推延(mine, imagine, delay, put off)
要求完成是期望(require, finish, look forward to.)
建议继续勤练习(suggest, go on, practise)
不禁原谅要坚持(can’t help, excuse , insist on)
继续注意使成功(keep on, mind, succeed in)
英语语法顺口溜：冠词、定冠词和不定冠词口诀和用法
拓展阅读
一、定冠词的用法口诀
特指双熟悉，上文已提及;
世上独无二，序数最高级;
某些专有名，习语及乐器。
二、不用冠词用法口诀
下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前;
专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭;
复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前;
颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。
一、定冠词和不定冠词的用法详解
1.定冠词the，在以辅音音素开头的`词前读作[]， 在以元音音素开头的词前读作[]， 强调时读作。
例：the table]那张桌子
the animal那只动物
2.定冠词the，基本含义是“这个，那个”，表示特指。
例: the flower 那朵花 the E-mail 那个电子邮件
3.不定冠词a和an，基本含义是“一、一个”，表示泛指。
例：a flower 一朵花 an E-mail 一个电子邮件
二、a和an的区别
a用在辅音音素前，包括以前元音[j]、[w]开首的词前，注意，这里讲的辅音音素指的是发音，不是指辅音字母。
an用在元音音素前(不是元音字母)，
例：a hotel [一家旅馆
a knife 一把小刀
a useful tool 一件有用的工具
a university 一所大学
a European country一个欧洲国家
a one-eyed man一个一目失明的人
an hour ] 一小时
an ant 一只蚂蚁
an honour 一种荣誉
an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩
an umbrella 一把伞
an onion一个洋葱
an eye 一只眼睛
an ear [一只耳朵
an English book [ 一本英语书
an egg 一只鸡蛋
an ap 一个苹果
an island 一座岛
an uncle一位叔叔
an old man 一位老人
三、不定冠词
1 表示“一，一个”，用在单数可数名词前
例：There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有一幅图画。
He has an apple in his hand. 他手里拿着一个苹果。
提示：
a. a (an) 虽表示“一个”，但不强调数量，而是强调类别;one则强调数量。
例：I bought a computer. 我买了一台电脑。(不是收音机和电视机)
I bought one computer. 我买了一台电脑。 (不是两台)
Would you like an ice cream? 来一客冰淇淋好吗?(不是别的食物)
She gave one ice cream to them each. 她给他们每人一客冰淇淋。(不是两客)
b. 表示数量对比时，要用one, 不用a(an)。
比：我有一支红铅笔，但是他有三支。
I have a red pencil, but she has three. (误)
I have one red pencil, but she has three. (正)
我只需要一美元，但他给了我两美元。
I only want a dollar, but he has given me two. (误)
I only want one dollar, but he has given me two. (正)
2 表示一类人或物，指同类中的任何一个，a或an不必翻译
例 Even a child can answer this question. 就是小孩子也能回答这个问题。
An elephant is stronger than a horse. 大象比马力气大。
A teacher must be strict with his students. 教师必须对学生严格要求。
3 第一次提到某人或某物
第一次提到某人或某物时，用不定冠词a或an，起介绍作用。
例: A girl wants to see you. 一位姑娘要见你。
On a cold evening a stranger came to my house. 在一个寒冷的晚上，一个陌生人来到我的住处。
4 表示身份、职业
不定冠词用于单数名词前表示身份、职业，尤其用在作表语或补足语的名词前。
例：She is a high school teacher. Her name is Li Fang. 她是一位中学教师，名叫李芳。
The Whites wanted their daughter to be a musician. 怀特夫妇想要他们的女儿成为音乐家。
提示：
表示某个职位在某一时期内只有一人担任，或表示某人的头衔，则不用冠词。
例：He is captain of the team. 他是球队队长。
Zhang Fei, monitor of their class, is good at English. 张飞是他们的班长，英语很棒。
5 用于专有名词前，表示不认识某人
例：A Zhang called you just now. 一位姓张的刚才给你打电话。
A Mr. Smith wanted to see you. 有位史密斯先生想要见你。
6 不定冠词用在表示数量、长度、时间等的计数单位的名词前，表示“每一”
例：We have three meals a day. 我们每天吃三顿饭。
They met each other once a month. 他们每月会面一次。
The car moved 100 miles an hour. 这辆小汽车以每小时100英里的速度行驶。
The envelopes are one yuan a dozen. 信封一打是一元钱。
Amily goes to see her grandmother twice a week. 爱米莉每周去看奶奶两次。
小升初英语必考考点：小学英语形容词比较级顺口溜
小编给同学们总结了小升初必考考点，在我们考试中是经常可以遇到的，希望同学们学习后能有所帮助。更多小升初英语考点尽在。
小学英语形容词比较级顺口溜
比较级是形容词，一好一坏要记牢，
good更好是better, bad更坏是worse
结尾有e只加r，nice变成nicer;
双写目前有三个，bigger, fatter 和hotter
其余全部加er。
小升初英语必考考点：疑问句顺口溜
小编给同学们总结了小升初必考考点，在我们考试中是经常可以遇到的，希望同学们学习后能有所帮助。更多小升初英语考点尽在。
疑问句顺口溜
反义疑问真好变，前后肯否相反地。
有情要用情加主，有be要用be加主。
若是无情又无be，要用do主来代替。
Let's go特殊记，Shall we 提前要牢记。
肯定英汉翻译同，否定英汉翻译异。
100句少儿英语口语让孩子英语顺溜溜
1. Hello! (How do you do?) 你好!
2. How are you?-I’m fine. Thank you. and you? 你好吗?我很好。谢谢，你呢?
3. Good morning / afternoon/evening/night. 早上好/下午好/晚上好/晚安。
4. Excuse me。(sorry. I’m sorry) 打搅一下(对不起/不好意思)
5. Thank you! 谢谢你!
6. You are welcome. 不用谢。
7. How are you today? 今天还好吗?
8. Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。
9. What’s your name? 你叫什么名子啊?
10. My name is×××. 我叫×××。
11. What can I do for you? 我能为你做点什么?
12. What’s wrong with you? (What’sthe matter?)你怎么了?(出什么事了?)
13. It’s time for class. 该上课了。
14. Come in please. 请进。
15. Let’s get ready for class! 让我们准备上课吧!
16. Line up please! 排队!
17. Attention please! 立正!
18. At ease. 稍息。
19. Turn life/right! 向左/右转!
20. One bye one please.no pushing. 一个一个来。不要挤。
21. Let’s go back to the classroom. 让我们回教室去。
22. It’time for (breakfast lunch supper/dinner) 该吃早餐了/该吃午餐了/该吃晚餐了
23. Please eat up. Take your time. 把它吃完。慢慢吃。
24. Would you like some rice!来点米饭吧!
25. Help yourself. 请吃，别客气。
26. Please have some fish/vegetables. 吃点鱼/蔬菜吧。
27. Do you want anymore? 还要吗?
28. Anything to drink? 喝点啥?
29. I’d like to drink some milk! 我想喝点年奶!
30. Today we are going to learn some new worlds.今天我们将学习一些新单词。
31. Who wants to try? 谁来试试?
32. Let me try! 我来试试!
33. It’s your turn. 轮到你了。
34. Don’t be afraid/shy! 不要害怕/不要害羞!
35. Try your best! 尽力做/尽力试。
36. Do you understand? 明白了吗?
37. Stand up/sit down.please. 请站起来/请坐下。
38. Listen to me carefully. pease. 请仔细地听我说。
39. Look at me ,please. 请看着我。
40. Watch carefully. 看仔细。
41. What are you going to do tonight? 今晚干啥去?
42. I’m going to Disney’s English Club. 我要去迪士尼英语俱乐部。
43. I’m going to learn Disney’s Magic English. 我去学迪士尼神奇英语。
44. What’s on tonight? 今晚有什么节目?
45. Let’s watch TV. 我们看电视吧!
46. We are going to the Pople’s Prk. 我们要去人民公园。
47. Be quiet.please. 请安静。
48. Stop talking!(Do’t talk.) 别讲话。
49. Don’t worry about it. 不要为这担心。
50. No problem. 没问题。
51. Clap your hands. 鼓撑拍手。
52. Class is over.(Time is up.) 下课了!(时间到了)
53. See you next time.Bye bye! 下次见，再见。
54. Well done! 干得好!
55. You are so smart! 你真聪明!
56. How clever you are! 你真是太聪明了!
57. Let’s have a rest.(take a break) 我们休息一下。
58. It’s time to go to bed. 该睡觉了。
59. It’s time to get up.(Wake up.please。) 该起床了(醒醒)
60. Wash your face/hands/foot. 洗脸/手/脚。
61. Comb your hair. 梳头。
62. Brush your teeth. 刷牙。
63. Come on.Let’s play together. 过来，我们一起玩。
64. Let’s play a game. 我们来玩个游戏。
65. You are getting better and better. 你越来越棒了。
66. You’er making progress everyday. 你每天都在进步。
67. You’re always the best. 你总是最好的。
68. You speak English very well. 你英语说的非常好。
69. Do you like English? (Ilike English very much) 你喜欢英语吗?(我太喜欢英语了)
70. I’mpleased with your spoken English. 你的口语真令我满意。
71. Be brave,please. 请勇敢一点。
72. Have a nice weekend! 周未愉快!
73. Happy birthday to you. (Happy New Year to you) 生日快乐!(新年快乐)
74. Put on your clothes. 穿衣服。
75. Take off your clothes/shoes. 脱衣服/鞋子。
76. Pardon! (I beg your pardon) 什么!请你再说一次。
77. May I speak to×××.Please. ×××在吗?
78. Who is on the line? 你是谁啊?(电话用语)
79. This is OSA. 我是OSA。(电话用语)
80. Welcome to Shiyan. 欢迎来到十堰。
81. Do you like shiyan? 你喜欢十堰吗?
82. People in Shiyan are proud of Wudang Mountain. 十堰的人以武当山为豪。
83. Are you free this afternoon? 今天下午你有空吗?
84. I’m inviting you to Mcdonald’s. 我请你去麦当劳。
85. At what time shall I come? 我什么时候可以过来。
86. Is six o’clock ok with you? 六点可以吗?
87. This way .please! 这边走!
88. Have a good time。(Enjoy yourself) 玩得愉快!
89. The same to you! 你也一样!
90. You are learning fast. 你学得很快。
91. Keep on trying. 不断努力。
92. Put up your hands.please。(Raise your hands,please/hands up) 请举手。
93. Hands down. 放下手。
94. Be careful. (look out) 小心!
95. How are you feeling today? 你今天感觉怎么样?
96. Fine.thanks.and you? 很好，谢谢，你呢?
97. Hope to see you again! 希望能再见到你。
98. Drink some water/tea,please. 请喝水/茶。
99. Which one will you choose? 你要哪个?
100. Goodbye. See you tomorrow/late/next week! 再见。明天见。
少儿英语语法顺口溜：时刻表达记忆口诀
英语时刻表达法记忆口诀：
时刻表达法作用大，衣食住行离不开它。
整点时把点钟数打，时分俱全不好表达。
请记下列几种方法：先时后分莫给弄差。
若要说明几点过几分，可把past和after来抓。
前分后时不能搞差，要说几点几分差， to前分后时来表达。
用英语表达时刻主要有以下两种方法：
直接表示法(先时后分)如：
9 ： 25 读作： nine twenty-five
12 ： 30 读作： twelve thirty ; twelve-thirty
添加介词表示法(先分后时)如：
( 1 )表示“几点过几分”(在 30 分钟之内)，用介词 past ，其结构是“分钟 +past+ 钟点”。如：
5 ： 20 读作： twenty past five
11 ： 05 读作： five past eleven
( 2 )表示“几点差几分”(相差在 30 分钟之内)，用介词 to ，其结构是“分钟 +to+ 下一个钟点”。如：
2 ： 50 读作： ten to three
10 ： 58 读作： two to eleven
6 ： 37 读作： twenty-three to seven
另外需要注意的还有：
( 1 )表示“几点整”，可以用数字直接表示，也可以加上 o'clock 。如：
1 ： 00 读作： one o'clock
20 ： 00 读作： twenty o'clock
( 2 )表示“几点半”，用 half 。如：
4 ： 30 读作： half past four
( 3 )表示“ 15 分钟”，常用 a quarter 。如：
10 ： 15 读作： a quarter past ten
2 ： 45 读作： a quarter to three
( 4 )表示“在某一时刻”，应该用介词 at 。如：
at five-five 在 5 点 5 分
at three o'clock 在 3 点整
( 5 )对时刻提问时，疑问词一般用 what time 。如：
— What time is it now ?现在几点钟?
— It's twelve fifteen. 12 点 15 分。
篇4：英语非谓语动词语法
英语非谓语动词语法
动词的非谓语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。
Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing..., 动名词起名词作用)
爬山是一项好运动。
Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. (wearing ... 分词起形容词作用)
你认识那个穿白衬衣的人吗?
He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch .... 不定式起副词作用)
他早早起床是为了赶上第一班汽车。
谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别：
2) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
Miss Mary teaches us English.
玛丽教我们英语。(teaches 动词作谓语)
Mr.Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.
维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。
(to have a talk.... 不定式作状语)
3) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
Larke likes the pop music.
拉克喜欢流行音乐。
(动词用单数第三人称形式)
Larke has nothing to do today.
拉克今天没什么事要做。(do 用原形)
非谓语动词的特征：
2 如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面须跟宾语。
Studying English is my favorite.
学习英语是我的爱好。(studying 后跟宾语)
To help him is my duty.
帮助他是我的责任。(help 后跟宾语)
3 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。
Working under such a condition is terrible.
在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。
(under such a condition 是 working 的状语)
It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.
他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了。
(for him 作不定式的逻辑主语)
4 非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.
对不起让你久等了。
(to have kept...是不定式的完成形式)
Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.
从山上看，这座城市美丽多了。
(Seen from...是分词的被动形式)
5 非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。
Our coming made him happy.
我们的到来使他很高兴。(coming 起名词作用)
There are two big swimming pools here.
?
这儿有两个大型游泳池。
(swimming 起形容词作用)
非谓语动词的形式变化：
不 定 式 主 动 被 动
一 般 to write to be written
进 行 to be writing /
完 成 to have written to have been written
完成进行 to have been writing /
现在分词 主 动 被 动
一 般 writing being written
完 成 having written having been written
过 去 分 词 一般 written
动 名 词 主 动 被 动
一般 writing being written
完成 having written having been written
动 名 词
动名词是由动词原形 + ing 构成，同现在分词形式一样，在句中可作主语， 宾语，表语和定语。
1) 动名词作主语：
Talking like that is not polite.
那样谈话不礼貌。
Learning1 from others is important .
向别人学习很重要。
Putting on more clothes is not so good .
多穿衣服不一定好。
动名词可以象动词不定式一样，用 it 先行祠代替， 而把动名词写在后面。
It's no use waiting here, let's go home.
在这儿等着也没用，我们回家吧。
It's very difficult climbing this mountain.
爬这座山很困难。
2) 动名词作表语
The nurse's job is looking after the patients.
护士的工作是护理病人。
Seeing is believing.
眼见为实。
3) 动名词作宾语
有些动词须用动名词来作宾语,它们是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, keep.
Please stop smoking2 in the house.
请不要在家里抽烟。
I like reading in the forest.
我喜欢在树林里读书。
Do you mind my opening the windows?
你介意我打开窗户吗?
She is found of collecting stamp.
她喜欢集邮。
动名词作定语
She is studying in the reading room.
她在阅览室学习。
He slept in the sleeping bag.
他在睡袋里睡觉。
动名词的否定形式：not + 动名词
He pretend3 not knowing it at all.
他假装全然不知。
We considered not doing it now.
我们考虑现在不做这件事 。
动名词的时态：
动名词的一般时 动名词的一般时表示动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或在谓语动词的动作之后发生。
I enjoy swimming in the big river.
我喜欢在大河里游泳。
I am used to watching TV in the evening.
我习惯于晚上看电视。
动名词的完成时 动名词的完成时表示动作在谓语动词动作之前发生。
She regret not having studied the computer hard.
她后悔没有努力学习计算机。
Do you remember having promised me that?
你记得给我许愿了吗?
动名词的被动形式 ：
当动名词和它的逻辑主语是被动关系时，用动名词的被动形式来表示。
His being looked down upon made him sick.
他被人冷落使他很伤感。
I can't really stand being treated like that.
我简直受不了这样的对待。
动名词的几个特殊情况：
1) 有些动词的后面能跟动名词做宾语，有些动词能跟不定式，有些两者都可以， 它们的具体含义有时还不一样。
能跟动名词的动词有：
avoid, consider, delay4, deny5, dislike, endure6, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist7, suggest, understand, can't help, 等。
能跟不定式的动词有：
decide, desire, expect, hope, mean, pretend, promise, refuse, undertake8, want, wish, agree, manage,
能跟动名词和不定式的动词有：
love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continue, intend, attempt, propose9, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try, deserve10, start,
动词后面跟动名词还是不定式，含义不相同，总的来说，表示习惯的， 一般性的动作多跟动名词，一次性的具体的被动动作多跟不定式。
I like to go with you.
我想和你一块儿去。
I like reading.
我喜欢阅读。
He promised to help her.
他答应过要帮助她。
We love watching VCD.
我们喜欢看VCD。
2) remember, forget, regret后面跟动名词时，动名词表示过去的动作， 后面跟不定式时，不定式表示将来的动作。
I remember meeting him in the street.
我记得在街上见过他。
I remember to write a letter to my parents.
我想起来要给我父母亲写信。
3) “stop + 动名词”表示停止动名词所表示的动作， “stop + 不定式”表示停下来 做不定式所表示的动作。
Stop smoking, please.
请不要抽烟 。
Let's stop to have a rest.
咱们停下来休息一下吧。
4) 动名词和分词的区别：
动名词作定语时，动名词和它所修饰的词没有逻辑上的主谓关系，而分词作定语时， 分词和它所修饰的词有逻辑上的主谓关系。
reading text 阅读课文 〔动名词〕
developing country 发展中国家 〔分词〕
a sleeping bag 睡袋 〔动名词〕
boiled water 开水 〔分词〕
篇5：英语的非谓语动词语法
英语的非谓语动词语法
Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing..., 动名词起名词作用)
爬山是一项好运动。
Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. (wearing ... 分词起形容词作用)
你认识那个穿白衬衣的人吗?
He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch .... 不定式起副词作用)
他早早起床是为了赶上第一班汽车。
谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别：
3) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
Miss Mary teaches us English.
玛丽教我们英语。(teaches 动词作谓语)
Mr.Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.
维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。
(to have a talk.... 不定式作状语)
4) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
Larke likes the pop music.
拉克喜欢流行音乐。
(动词用单数第三人称形式)
Larke has nothing to do today.
拉克今天没什么事要做。(do 用原形)
非谓语动词的特征：
3 如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面须跟宾语。
Studying English is my favorite.
学习英语是我的爱好。(studying 后跟宾语)
To help him is my duty.
帮助他是我的责任。(help 后跟宾语)
4 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。
Working under such a condition is terrible.
在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。
(under such a condition 是 working 的状语)
It's too difficult for him to master
English in such a short time.
他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了。
(for him 作不定式的逻辑主语)
5 非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.
对不起让你久等了。
(to have kept...是不定式的完成形式)
Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.
从山上看，这座城市美丽多了。
(Seen from...是分词的被动形式)
6 非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。
Our coming made him happy.
我们的到来使他很高兴。(coming 起名词作用)
There are two big swimming pools here.
这儿有两个大型游泳池。
(swimming 起形容词作用)
非谓语动词的形式变化：
不 定 式 主 动 被 动
一 般 to write to be written
进 行 to be writing/
完 成 to have written to have been written
完成进行 to have been writing /
现在分词 主 动 被 动
一 般 writingbeing written
完 成 having written having been written
过去分词 一般 written
动 名 词 主 动 被 动
一 般 writingbeing written
完 成 having written having been written
分 词
分词是由动词 +ing 或 动词 + ed 构成，它在句中起形容词或副词的作用，可以作定语，表语，状语。
working worked washing washed
分词可分为现在分词和过去分词两种，现在分词的形式同动名词一样，在动词后面加 ing 。 而过去分词的形式则在动词后面加 ed. 分词在句中可作定语，状语或表语。
分词作定语
China is a developing1 country.
中国是一个发展中国家。
That's an interesting story.
这是一个有趣的故事。
The girl singing for us is ten years old.
给我们唱歌的女孩十岁了。
作定语的分词要放在被修饰的名词之前，如果是分词词组则放在被修饰的名词之后， 如被修饰的名词是 something, anything, everything, nothing 等，分词放在被修饰名词的后面。
The working people have played a great role in the activity.
工人在这次活动中起主要作用。
The boy hurt by the car was sent to the hospital immediately.
被汽车撞伤的小孩马上被送到了医院。
There is nothing interesting.
没什么有趣的事。
分词和动名词都可以作定语，判断是分词还是动名词，可以根据它们和被修饰词有无逻辑上的主谓关系来判断， 有主谓关系的是分词， 否则判断为动名词。
a swimming girl 游泳的女孩。(分词)
a swimming pool 游泳的池子 (动名词)
分词作状语
Being a student, he likes to help others.
作为一个学生，他喜欢帮助别人。
Wearing a new pair of glasses, she can read easily.
戴了一副新眼镜，她看书就好多了。
She is there waiting for us.
她在那儿等我们呢。
Told by the teacher, she knew she was wrong.
经老师一说，她知道自己不对。
分词作表语
The story is interesting .
故事有趣。
We are interested in computer.
我们对计算机感兴趣。
The glass is broken.
玻璃杯破了。
The water is boiled.
水是开的。
分词作宾语补足语
可以跟宾语补足语的谓语动词有 see, watch, hear, set, keep, find, have, get 等词。
I saw him walking in the street.
我看见他在街上走。
I heard them singing in the classroom.
我听见他们在教室里唱歌。
We found the boy sleeping.
我们发现小孩睡着了。
have 后面的宾语补足语用过去分词常表示动作不是句子的主语发出的，而是由别人做的。
I have my hair cut.
我理发了。(是别人给我理发)
She has her bike repaired.
她把自行车修理了。(别人修理的)
They have their house rebuilt.
他们重修了房子。
分词的否定形式。not + 分词
Not knowing what to do next, she stopped to wait.
不知道下一步干什么，她停下来等着。
Not having finished the homework, the little girl doesn't dare2 to go to school.
小女孩没完成作业不敢去学校。
分词的时态
分词的一般时表示动作同谓语动词的动作同时发生或之前发生。
Seeing the teacher is coming, the students stopped playing.
看到老师进来，学生们停下来不玩了。
Coming into the room, he lied on his bed.
回到家后，他就躺在床上。
分词的完成时表示的动作在谓语动词的前面发生。
Having received a latter, I knew everything is all right.
收到一封信后，我知道一切都很好。
Having had my supper, I went out for a walk.
晚饭后，我出去散步了。
Having known3 that he won the match, he threw the cap into the sky.
他知道自己比赛获胜，高兴地把帽子扔上了天。
分词的被动形式
分词的被动形式表示分词动作同所修饰的名词有一种被动关系。
The entertainment building being built will be completed next year.
正在建设的娱乐大楼明年完工。
篇6：高中英语非谓语动词语法学习
三. 分词
1.固定句型： <1>have sb doing sth;让某人老是做某事; <2>have……done;请别人做某事;
Eg：孙悟空 The monkey;
Eg：The monkey has him running forward and back. 译文：孙悟空让小鬼来回不停地跑。
Eg：You should have your hair cut. 译文：你应该去理发发了。
四.考点综合
第三部分 分词.(包含动词-ing现在分词和动词-ed过去分词) 判断非谓语动词的三种方式：不定式(to do)、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式。 解决方法：牢记方法、熟化步骤、糊涂行事!!!
观点：只关心考试的问题!!!
<1>做定语或状语成分时;(即相当于做副词或形容词)
解题方法：先语态后时态进行判断。
解题思路：第一 to 动词原型：该动作主动发生且将来发生;
第二 动词-ing：该动作主动发生且正在发生;
第三 动词-ed：该动作被动发生且已经发生。
问题：如何区分、如何选择呢?
过程：首先判断语态、再判断时态问题。
另一种可能出现的问题：在第一步语态的判断上,可能直接得出答案。
<2>做名词成分但除宾补外;
注：名词性成分指名词在句中可充当的成分.例如名词可做主语、宾语等.
解题方法：先时态后语态进行判断。
解题思路：第一 动词不定式：表示动作在将来发生，且主动;
第二 动词-ing：表示动作在正在发生，且主动;
第三 动词-ed：表示动作在过去发生，且被动。
<3>做宾补成分;
1. 感观动词+名词+非谓语动词做宾补;
(1) 解题方法和做定语状语完全一致先语态后时态进行判断;
(2) 唯一的区别是后面接省to不定式。
2. 使役动词(have)sb/sth;
(1) have sb do sth 表示使某人做某事;
(2) have sb doing sth 表示使某人/某事一直处在某状态里;
(3) have sb done sth 表示找别人做某事/替的含义. 注意：存在的唯一区别就是感观动词+名词+非谓语动词做宾补这种形式.
Eg：I saw XH drop into a lake. 我看见徐昊老师掉湖里了。 原因：由于前面出现感观动词，所以句中不定式要省to。
知识回顾：重点为考点综合。(分三类) <1>做副词或形容词(即定语或状语);先语态后时态; <2>做名词成分除宾补外;先时态后语态; <3>做宾补成分.第一 感观动词+名词+非谓语动词做宾补; (1)整体上方法同<1>;
(2)唯一一个区别是后面接省to不定式.
第二 使役动词(have)sb/sth;
篇7：高中英语非谓语动词语法学习
整体介绍： 非谓语包含三部分：第一部分 动词不定式;
第二部分 动名词;
第三部分 分词.(包含动词-ing现在分词和动词-ed过去分词)
一. 动词不定式(形式 to do)
1.句型：
<1>too+adj/adv+to do 表示太……而不能;
<2>adj/adv+enough+to do 表示足以……
Eg：The boy is too young to look after himself. 译文：这个小男孩太小了以至于不能照顾自己。
Eg：The boy is old enough to look after himself.
2.不带to的不定式：
<1>help的结构：help sb to do sth/help sb do sth;(推荐使用后者)
<2>表示感觉的动词(感观动词),后面接不定式做宾补时通常省to;
Eg：I feel the house shake.
<3>“do和to有仇”;
固定句型：第一 do+except/but+V(省to)
第二 当主语部分有实意动词do时,做表语的不定时可以省to
Eg：I can do nothing except learn English. 原因：由于句中出现do的形式，所以省略to。
Eg：What we can do is get used to the society.(无间道) 原因：由于前面主语从句出现do的形式，从而省略to。
注意点：第一 “do和to有仇”指的是do的一切形式都与to有仇;
第二 “do和to有仇”与其它单词没有仇。
<4>why、why not+do(省to)
Eg：Why not go with me?
注意：重点掌握省to的不定式!
二. 动名词
1.固定句型：
<1>It is no use/no good/fun/a good pleasure +doing; <2>It is useless/nice/good/interesting +doing;
Eg：It is no use talking with him. 译文：和他谈话一点用都没有。
Eg：It is useless talking with him.
<3>第一 Have difficulty(trouble，problem……)+(in)+doing;
第二 Be busy +(in)+doing;
第三 waste time +(in)+doing;
注：三者共同的结构,都含带了(in)+doing。
Eg：It wastes time (in)talking with him.
篇8：非谓语动词的语法知识点详解
非谓语动词的语法知识点详解
在句子中充当除谓语以外的句子成分的动词形式叫作非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为三种形式∶动名词，不定式和分词﹙包括现在分词和过去分词﹚
非谓语动词与其他动词的不同点：
1.非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词)，在句中做主语、宾语、表语。
2.非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词)，在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。
3.非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词)，在句中作状语。
4.谓语动词在句中作谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制;非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，它不受主语的人称和数的限制。
(5)英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。
非谓语动词分类：
不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别
不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
不定式和动名词作宾语的区别
begin开始 determine决定 manage设法 agree同意 love 喜欢 fail不能 plan计划
(2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语
acknowledge承认，admit 承认 dislike不喜欢，讨厌 advocate：提倡，主张 complete完成
appreciate 感激，欣赏 avoid避免 enjoy享有，喜爱 delay延迟 escape逃跑，逃避 deny否认
consider 考虑 fancy幻想，爱好 mind 介意 miss错过 finish完成，结束不得 resist抵抗，阻止 imagine设想 postpone延迟，延期 practise 实行，实践 suggest建议 prevent阻止
keep保持 quit放弃停止 loathe非常讨厌，厌恶 recall回想
不定式和动名词作主语的区别
(1)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。例如：
Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。
(2)不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。例如：
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.
不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别
The child standing over there is my brother.站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。
不定式和分词作状语的区别
1)现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。
2)过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
非谓语动词常考的其它结构
(1)疑问词+不定式结构
疑问词who，what，which，when，where和how后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语。它在句中可以用作主语、宾语、表语和双重宾语。
(2)不带to的不定式
在表示生理感觉的动词后的不定式不带to。
这类词有： feel 觉得 observe 注意到，看到 overhear听到 watch注视 listen to听 perceive察觉，感知 notice注意 see看见 look at看 hear听
篇9：语法和词汇考点详解----非谓语动词
【命题依据】 非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词等几种形式。它是中学英语语法中的重点和难点，也是历年高考题中的必考项目。单项填空题中平均每年有1-3题涉及该部分内容，常考考点主要为：动名词和不定式作宾语或宾语补足语的用法比较；现在分词和过去分词作定语和状语的用法比较；现在分词和过去分词的用法比较以及非谓语动词在特定语境中的考查。该项内容能考查考生在具体语言环境中理解句子结构、分析句子的逻辑主语的能力。
[例题1]_____ as the “first lady of speech”, Dr, Lillian Glass is recognized as one of the world’s leading experts on communication skills.
A. KnowingB. Having known C. Known D. To be known
【解题关键】解答该题的关键在于根据句意，准确判断选项动词在句中所作成分。
【答案解析】该题考查过去分词在句中用作原因状语。根据句意及句子结构可知，句子的主语Dr, Lillian Glass实际上就是选项动词的主语，相当于As he is known as ...引导的原因状语从句，为被动结构，故选过去分词known。答案为C。
[例题2]-Why do you look sad?
-There are so many problems _____.
A. remaining to settle B. remained settling
C. remaining to be settled D. remained to be settled
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键在于要准确把握There be句子结构及系动词remain的用法。
【答案解析】remain 在There be 结构中用作后置定语，由于remain是不及物动词，故应用现在分词remaining，相当于定语从句that remains；动词settle置于remain之后，应用动词不定式的被动结构来表示动作还未完成。答案为C。
[例题3]At the end of , there were around 6,000 foreign printing companies in China, _____ up around 4 percent of national total.
A. made B. to make C. making D. having made
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要理解选项动词与前面分句结构关系，并准确把握其主动与被动的意义以及动作的一般性和完成性。
【答案解析】该句考查分词在句中用作结果状语。make up为及物动词短语，在前一分句动作之后发生，根据句意，表示主动，故应选making用作结果状语，相当于并列句and it made 或定语从句which made 句型结构。答案为C。
[例题4]-The English exam is not difficult, is it?
-_____. Even Tom _____ to the top students failed in it.
A. Yes; belongs B. No; belonged C. Yes; belonging D. No; belonging
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要根据上下文情景正确判断“前否后肯”反意问句的回答以及对句子结构的准确理解。
【答案解析】根据答句句意“甚至最好的学生汤姆考试也失败了”可知，第一空应选Yes,(it is)意为“不，英语考试难”；第二空选项动词belong与to构成不及物动词短语，在句中用作定语，故应选现在分词belonging，相当于定语从句who belongs to ...,注意句子的主谓结构为Even Tom failed in it。答案为C。
[例题5]-We didn’t find the Blacks _____ the lecture.
-No one had told him about ____ a lecture the following day.
A. to attend; there to be B. attending; there being
C. attended;there beD. attend; there was
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键在于准确把握“感觉动词”的复合结构的运用以及介词后There be结构的使用。
【答案解析】第一空动词attend为及物动词，表主动，根据感觉动词find所跟复合结构，不可使用to attend，过去分词attended表被动，意义也不成立，可选用attending或attend，但根据句意，此处强调状态，故attending现在分词为最佳选项；第二空介词about 后应使用动名词形式there being。答案B。
[例题6]Only____ according to the directions can the medicine be quite effective.
A. taking B. taken
C. being taken D. having been taken
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键在于正确区分分词的用法。
【答案解析】根据句意可知，选项动词的逻辑主语the medicine与动词take之间为被动关系，实际上相当于一个时间状语从句only when it is taken...结构，故应选taken在句中用作状语。答案B。
[例题7] The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if____ whether he was going in the right direction.
A. seeing B. having seen C. to see D. to have seen
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是准确把握连接词as if后非谓语动词的选用。
【答案解析】当as if后面直接跟一个动词时，常使用不定式to do来表示目的，相当于as if he were (was) to do sth说明动作的未完成性。答案为C。
[例题8]-Is there any possibility of the film____ in Paris International Festival?
-Not in the least, because audience generally think little of it.
A. trying out B. tried out C. to try out D. being tried out
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要正确理解介词后动名词的主动式与被动式的选用以及动名词与其逻辑主语之间的关系。
【答案解析】选项动词短语在句中用作介词of的宾语，应使用动名词形式，根据句意可知，介词of 后的名词the film为动名词短语try out的逻辑主语，且为被动关系，故应选用动名词的被动结构。答案D。
[例题9]-Hi, Mary. Would you like to go to the concert this evening?
-Sorry, Tom. ____ tomorrow’s lessons, I have no time to go out with you.
A. Not preparing B. Not having prepared
C. Not to prepareD. Being not prepared
【解题关键】 解答该题的关键是要准确区分非谓语动词作状语的意义及用法，以及否定副词not的位置。
【答案解析】根据句意可知，选项动词为原因状语，表主动，强调动作的完成性，相当于一个原因状语从句：As I haven’t prepared tomorrow’s lessons...故应选B(Not having prepared);选项A为现在分词，不表示完成的意思；选项C为不定式的否定结构表目的；选项D为被动结构，not应置于分词being前面，均不符句意。答案B。
[例题10]Every student&n
篇10：英语高考非谓语动词重点语法
非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外，其它所有成分都可以做。具体如下。
1. 不定式：做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。
To learn a foreign language is difficult .(作主语)
学会一门外语是很难的。
It’s easy to see their aunt.(作真正主语，it做形式主语)
很容易见到他们的姑姑。
Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.(作宾语)
汤姆想要喝杯啤酒。
His wish is to be a driver.(作表语)
他的愿望是当一名司机。
I have nothing to say.(作定语)
我没有什么可说的。
The teacher told us to do morning exercises . (作宾语补足语)
老师让我们做早操。
They went to see their aunt. (目的状语)
他们去见他们的姑姑。
2. 动名词：做主语、宾语、表语、定语和补语。
Learning English is very difficult .(作主语)
学英语非常困难。
I enjoy dancing.(作动词宾语)
我喜欢跳舞。
I have got used to living in the country.(作介词宾语)
我已经习惯了住农村。
His job is driving a bus.(作表语)
他的工作是开车。
3. 现在分词：做表语、定语、状语和补语。
The story is interesting.
这个故事有趣。
He sat there，reading a newspaper.(作状语)
他坐在那里，读着一张报纸。
The area being studied may be rich in coal.(作定语)
这个正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。
He saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.(作宾补)
他看到小偷正在从银行偷钱。
4. 过去分词：做表语、定语、状语和补语。
He is interested in the news.(作表语)
他对这则消息很感兴趣。
polluted river(做定语)
被污染的河流
Given more time,I can do my work better.(做状语)
如果再被多给些时间，我会把工作做得更好。
I found my watch stolen.(做宾补)
我发现我的手表被偷了。
非谓语动词重、疑、难点
1. 须用省去to 的不定式(do)作宾补的11个动词。
五看(see、watch、notice、observe、look at)
两听(hear、listen to)
三使(make、let、have)
一感觉(feel)
根据谐音记忆法，我们可以记做“吾看两厅三室一感觉”。
I saw a big bird fly over the roof of the house yesterday.
昨天，我看到一只大鸟飞过了屋顶。
注意：以上11个动词，也可以接现在分词和过去分词作宾补，但在时间和语态上会有变化，我们以see为例来区分一下。
see sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事
see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
see sb./sth. done 看到某人/某物被......
I see him make the phone call. 我看到他打了电话。(他打电话的整个动作我都看见了)
I see him making a phone call. 我看到他正在打电话。(强调看到他正在打电话,并没有看见全过程.)
We often see him surrounded by much work. 我们常常看见他被大量的工作包围着.
2. 只接不定式(不能接动名词)作宾语的25个常用动词
want、would like、wish、help、hope、learn、manage、offer、plan、afford、agree、arrange、ask、beg、care、choose、decide、demand、determine、expect、fear、prepare、pretend、promise、refuse
3. 只接动名词(不能接不定式)作宾语的28个常用动词
practice、consider、enjoy、finish、give up、imagine、keep、put off、risk、suggest、admit、advise、allow、appreciate、avoid、delay、deny、discuss、dislike、escape、excuse、fancy、forbid、mention、mind、miss、permit、prohibit
4. 既可接不定式也可接动名词，但含义完全不同的8个动词
remember to do sth. 记住要做某事(未做)
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)
forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做)
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做)
regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事(未做)
regret doing sth. 后悔/抱歉做过某事(已做)
try to do sth. 努力做某事
try doing sth. 尝试做某事
mean to do sth. 计划做某事
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事
go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事
go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事
stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事
stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事情
5. 所有非谓语动词的完成形式都不能做定语，如to have done、to have been done、to have been doing、having done 和 having been done。
非谓语动词打的解题步骤
1. 判断非谓语动作的逻辑主语，以此来确定它表示主动含义还是被动含义。
①非谓动词做定语时，其逻辑主语是它所修饰的名词或代词。
②非谓语动作做状语时，其逻辑主语是句子主语。
③非谓语动作做宾补时，其逻辑主语是它前面的宾语。
2. 判断非谓语动作与谓语动作的先后关系。
和谓语动作同时发生表示进行，应用以上提到的进行式(to be doing和doing);发生在谓语动作之后表示将来，应用(to do和to be done);发生在谓语动作之前表示完成,应用(to have done、to have been done、to have been doing、having done、having been done和done)。
例如下面几题：
(1)_____ all my money on the car, I can’t afford a holiday with my friend this summer.
A. Spending
B. Spend
C. To spend
D. Having spent
【答案与解析】D “已经花了所有的钱买车”做时间状语，所以其逻辑主语应是句子主语“我”。“我”与“花钱”之间应该是主动关系，并且“花钱”发生在谓语动作“can’t afford a holiday”之前，所以非谓语动词应用主动和完成的含义，故选“D”。
(2)An exercise method to improve strength and balance is becoming popular in the United States.
A. designing
B. designed
C. to be designed
D. being designed
【答案与解析】B “设计”在这里是定语，修饰其前的“an exercise method”，所以其逻辑主语应该是它的被修饰词“an exercise method”，所以表被动。因为“设计”这个动词在这里本身已经完成，所以应用表示被动完成含义的designed。
(3)Open your heart, and you’ll make yourself better ______.
A. known
B. knowing
C. to know
D. know
【答案与解析】A ”知道，了解“在这里做宾补，所以其逻辑主语是其前的宾语”yourself“，”yourself“和”知道，了解“在这里是被动关系，所以选择过去分词”known“。
篇11：语法复习十二：非谓语动词（一）--动词不定式
动词不定式、分词(现在分词，过去分词)和动名词统称为非谓语动词。现代英语将现在分词和动名词合为一大类叫作v + ing形式。这些动词的形式不能在句中单独作谓语用，因而没有语法主语。但可以有逻辑主语。由于没有语法主语，也就不受人称和数的限定，因为不是谓语，也就没有时态和语态，但这些词仍能表示动作和状态，所以仍有表示与其他动词相对时间关系的形式。由于与其它词有逻辑上的主谓关系，因此也有表示主、被动的形式，同时也有自己的宾语和状语，一起构成非谓语动词的短语(动词不定式短语，分词短语，动名词短语)。非谓语动词在英语语法中占有特殊且重要的位置。非谓语动词形式多样，应用广泛，且在句中起着很活跃的作用，也是语法项目中的重点和难点，学好非谓语动词，才能正确进行口语和书面的交流。
动词不定式、过去分词及v-ing形式在句中均不能作谓语用，所以叫做非谓语动词。
（一）动词不定式：
动词不定式由“to+ 动词原形”构成，如：to study, to play，动词不定式虽然不能作谓语动词用，但仍留着动词的特征，它可以带有所需要的宾语或状语而构成动词不定式短语，如：to study hard, to play table tennis。
1、动词不定式的形式变化：动词不定式有下列时态和语态的形式变化。
语态式 一般式 完成式 进行式 完成进行式
主 动 to build to have built to be building to have been building
被 动 to be build to have been build
2、动词不定式的基本用法：动词不定式能起名词、形容词和副词的作用，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语用，如：
（1）作主语：To help each other is good.（动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末，如：It is good to help each other.
（2）作表语：My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语，与表示将来时的be + 动词不定式结构有所区别，如：Our plan is to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。（句中的谓语动词为is，动词不定式to set up… 为表语，主语为plan，但plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语，即动词不定式 to set up所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。）We are to set up another middle school for the peasants’ children.我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。（句中的are to set up整个结构为句中谓语，主语为we，同时也是动词不定式to set up所表示的动作的逻辑主语，即动词不定式to set up所表示的动作是由we产生的）。
（3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语，如：She wishes to be a musician.；②作某些形容词的宾语：可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad, sorry, afraid, pleased, determined, willing, eager, anxious, ready, sure等，如：I am determined to give up smoking.；③动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时，就可作介词的宾语，如：Can you give us some advice on what to do next?
（4）作宾语补足语，如：Tell the children not to play on the street. 如果句中的谓语动词为see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等，作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去，如：I saw a little girl run across the street.
（5）动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，须先用it作形式宾语，而将该动词不定式后置，如：I don’t think it right to do it that way.
（6）作定语：动词不定式作定语时，须位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后，如：Is this the best way to help him? 和定语用的动词不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面就要用必要的介词，如：He is the man to depend on. 如果被不定式修饰的名词为place, time, way，不定式后面的介词，习惯上可以省去，如：The old man is looking for a quiet place to live.
（7）作状语：动词不定式可以作下列的状语：①目的状语： Every morning he gets up very early to read English. 为了强调不定式表示目的的作用，可在不定式前加in order to或so as to（以便或为了），但应注意in order to位于句首或句中均可，而so as to不能位于句首，如：She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English. 将表示目的的不定式置于句首，也可强调目的的作用，如：To master a foreign language, one must work hard at it. ②结果状语：They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们活到亲眼见到了他们家乡的解放。③too + 形容词或副词 + 动词不定式，表示“足能…”的结果，如：You are old enough to take care of yourself now.
3、复合结构不定式：由for + 名词（或代词宾格）+ 动词不定式即构成复合结构的动词不定式。其中for本身无意义。for后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语，这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语，如：It is very important for us to get everything ready for the harvest. 当作表语用的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，就用介词of而不用for引出不定式的逻辑主语，这些形容词一般有good, nice, kind, wise, silly, stupid, foolish, right, wrong, careless, impolite等，如：It is very kind of you to help him every day.
4、疑问词 + 动词不定式：疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、表语或宾语，如：How to prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem.
5、动词不定式的否定式：动词不定式的否定式是由not + 动词不定式构成，如：It’s wrong of you not to attend the meeting.
6、动词不定式的时态形式所表示的时间关系：（1）一般式：动词不定式一般式所表示的动作是和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，但在多数情况下，是在谓语动词所表示的动作之后发生，如：We decided to plant more trees this spring.（其后），They often watch us play table tennis.（同时）；（2）完成式：动词不定式完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，如：I am sorryto have kept you waiting.（3）进行式：动词不定式进行式所表示的动作正在进行中，而且与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，如：She happened to be writing a letter in the room when I came in.
7、动词不定式的被动语态用法：如果动词不定式的逻辑主语为这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般就用被动语态形式，如：What is to be done next hasn’t been decided yet.
练习、非谓语动词（一）
1. ---- Can you ride a horse? ---- No, I never had the chance ____.
A. for learning it B. for learning how C. how to learn it D. to learn how
2. Paul said, “Give me a chair _____.”
A. to sit B. sit C. sit on D. to sit on
3. I ran too fast ______ where I was going.
A. to notice B. for me to notice C. to notice for me D. and notice
4. ---- Have you enjoyed your visit here? ---- Yes, I'll be very sorry______ .
A. for leaving B.of leaving C. to leave D. with leaving
5. ---- I'll help you whenever you need me. ---- Good. I'd like _____me tomorrow.
A. you helping B. that you will help C. you to help D. that you help
6. ---- I didn't hear you come in last night. ---- That's good. We tried_____ noisy.
A. not be B. not to be C. to be not D. to not be
7. Because of air pollution being greatly reduced, this city is still ______.
A. a good place which to be lived in B. lived as a good place
C. a good place to live in D. living in as a good place
8. ---- Why was the official meeting called? ---- ______ new officers.
A. Select B. Selecting C. To select D. For selecting
9. ---- Where did he go? ---- He went to another store ______.
A. to buy pencils B. for buying pencils C. buy pencils D. buying pencils
10. ---- My baby has a heart trouble. ---- Did the doctor find it difficult ______ ?
A. in treating B. treating C. for treating D. to treat
11. ---- Did the judge ask you many questions? ---- Yes, and ______.
A. they were difficult to be answered B. to answer them was to be difficult
C. they were difficult to answer D. they had difficulty in answering
12. That beggar seems _____ anything yesterday.
A. not to have eaten B. not to eat C. didn't eat D. to not have eaten
13. The lost child desired nothing but _____ home.
A. go B. to go C. going . D. went
14.That box is____.
A. too heavy for me to carry B. too heavy for me to carry it
C. so heavy for me to carry D. very heavy for me to carry
15. Would you be ______ to do me a favour, please?
A. so kind as . B. too kind C. as kind as D. enough kind
16. To learn to speak English well,_____.
A. much practice is needed B. one needs much practice
C. much practice is needed by one D. one is needed much practice
17. Tom kept quiet about the accident ______ lose his job.
A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to
18. Last summer I took a course on ______ .
A. how to make dresses B. how dresses be made
C. how to be made dresses D. how dresses to be made
19. The house is not large enough ____ .
A. to live in B. to be lived in C. to live D. for living
20. Nobody likes ______.
A. to speak ill of B. to be spoken ill of C. speaking ill of D. spoken ill of
21. I know him ______ a good football player while in college.
A. to have been B. to be C. was D. had been
22. I was surprised______.
A. watching him to eat so quickly B. watch him eat so quickly
C. watching him eat so quickly D. to watch him eat so quickly
23. Mr. White was seen ______ the Palace Museum.
A. enter B. to enter C. entered D. to entering
24. I saw Mary ____ the house.
A. open the door and go into B. to open the door and to go into
C. open the door and to go into D. open the door and went into
25. Paul does nothing but _____ all day long.
A. play B. to play C. playing D. played
26. Now we could not do anything but ______ for him here.
A. waited B. waiting C. to wait D. wait
27. I don't know her and I don't ______ .
A. want B. want to C. want it D. to want
28. ---- Go to the theatre with me, will you? ---- I should like ______, but I don't have time.
A. to B. too C. to do D. to go to
29. To play fair is as important as ______.
A. to play well B. play well C. we play well D. playing well
30. It is the greatest happiness on earth ______.
A. loving and to be loved B. to love and being loved
C. to love and to be loved D. love and be loved
31. _____ is better to love than _____ .
A. That, to be loved B. That, be loved C. It, be loved D. It, to be loved
32. It's very foolish _____ it?
A. for you to say B. of you to say C. with you saying D. in your saying
33. It ______ me two hours to find your new house.
A. cost B. took C. spent D. used
34. We did not expect our offer _____ so quickly.
A. rejected B. to reject . C. to be rejected D. rejecting
35. He told her ______ there at once.
A. get B. gets C. should get D. to get
36. We all think it most foolish ______ this mistake.
A. for you making B. of you to make C. you to make D. for you to make
37. I really don't know ____ .
A. to swim B. how to swim C. to swim how D. how swim
38. ---- What do you think about English? ---- It's a difficult language _____.
A. speaking B. to be spoken C. to speak D. spoken
篇12：语法复习十四：非谓语动词（三）--过去分词
（三）过去分词：
1、过去分词的基本用法：过去分词只有一种形式，也没有主动语态，它所表示的动作是一个被动的或是已完成的动作。过去分词在句中也可用作定语、表语、宾语或状语等成分。过去分词在句中作某种成分时，其逻辑主语一般为该分词所表示的动作的承受者，如：
（1）作定语：过去分词作定语时，如果这个分词是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是分词短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后。被过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑主语，如：The stolen car was found by the police last week.
（2）作表语：过去分词作表语时，表示其逻辑主语所处的状态，其逻辑主语就是句中的主语，如：The glass is broken.这个玻璃杯是破的。 注：过去分词作表语时，和动词的被动语态结构相似，但两者表达的意义不同，如：The glass was broken by my little brother.这个玻璃杯是被我小弟弟打破的。作表语用的过去分词在许多词典中已列为形容词，如：crowded, devoted, discouraged, done, dressed, drunk, experienced, frightened, gone, hurt, interested, killed, known, learned, lost, pleased, satisfied, shut, surprised, tired, undressed, worried, astonished, broken, completed, covered等。
（3）作宾语补足语：过去分词作宾语补足语时，句中的宾语就是其逻辑主语，如：When I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves. 注：动词have后的复合宾语中，宾语补足语如为过去分词，常表示该分词所表示的动作是由别人来执行的而不是句中主语自己来执行的，如：I had my bike repaired yesterday. 昨天我（找别人）把我的自行车给修了。
（4）作状语：过去分词作状语时，相当于一个状语从句，该结构的逻辑主语一般都是主句的主语，是过去分词所表示意义的逻辑宾语。为了使作状语的过去分词意义更加明确，常在分词前加when, if, while, though, as等连词，如：Seen from the hill/ When seen from the hill, our town looks beautiful.; Given more time/ If given more time, we could have done it better.（we是该结构的逻辑主语，是give的逻辑宾语。）
独立主格：上述-ing和过去分词的用法中，-ing和过去分词在句中均有逻辑主语，但有时它们也能有自己的独立的主语，这种独立的主语，一般为名词或代词，位于其前之前，和-ing或过去分词构成独立主格。独立主格在句中一般只作状语用，而-ing和过去分词作用的形式，则要根据它们所表示的动作和句中谓语动词所表示的时间关系而定。至于独立主格中是使用-ing或是过去分词，则要根据它们的主语和其所表示的动作的主动被动关系而定，如：The bell ringing, we all stopped talking. 注：The work having been finished, she sat down to have a rest. ①独立结构中的being或having been常可省去，如：The meeting (being) over, all left the room. ②作伴随状语的独立结构常可用with短语来代替，如：She read the letter, tears rolling down her cheeks./ She read the letter with tears rolling down her cheeks.
2、-ing形式与过去分词的区别：
（1）语态不同：-ing形式表示主动概念，及物动词的过去分词表示被动概念。an inspiring speech鼓舞人心的演说；the inspired audience受鼓舞的听众。
（2）时间关系不同：现在分词所表示的动作一般是正在进行中的动作，而过去分词所表示的动作，往往是已经完成的动作，如：The changing world正在发生的世界；the changed world已经起了变化的世界。
练习、非谓语动词（三）
1. There is no question of _____ able to finish it himself.
A. Tom was B. Tom's being C. Tom's be D. Tom is
2. The new shopping center _____ now will be put into use by the end of this year.
A. built B. be built C. being built D. to be built
3. “Have you had supper?” “Not yet. The meal_____.”
A. are being cooked B. is being cooked C. is cooked D. are cooked
4. “I'm glad ______ you here in the hotel.” “It's my great pleasure to have you ______ us.”
A. meeting, to B. to have met, with C. having met, among D. to meet, of
5. I'm afraid I can't make myself _____ in English.
A. understanding B. understand C. to be understood D. understood
6. Although in a hurry, Wilson ______.
A. couldn't stop walking B. couldn't help the stranger
C. stopped to help the stranger D. didn't answer the stranger
7. Janet is easy _____.
A. for getting along with B. by getting along with
C. to get along with D. got along with
8. Don't forget ______ the light when you leave.
A. turn off B. to turn off C. turning off D. turned off
9. The mother is very glad; her baby is beginning ______.
A. understanding what she means B. to understand that she meant
C. to understand what she means D. noticing what she means ,
10. I think this story is _____ .
A. worth being read B. worth reading C. worth to read D. worth of reading
11. This scientist is a man ______ praise.
A. worth to B. worthy to be C. worthy of D. worth
12. I don't want ______ any more trouble, you see?
A. there being B. it to be C. it being D. there to be
13. When she returned home, she found the window open and something ______.
A. stealing B. missed C. stolen D. to steal
14. Strictly _____, it isn't worth the price you are asking.
A. to speak B. speaking C. speak D. spoken
15. Time ______, they'll come here to watch us ______ football.
A. permitted, playing B. permitted, to play C. permitting, play D. permitting, to play
16. The man was seen _____ into the courtyard.
A, stealing B. stolen C. be stealing D. had stolen
17. Bob should love _____ to the party tomorrow evening.
A. taking B. to be taken C. to take D. being taken
18. Tom had no choice but _____ the classroom with his classmates.
A. to clean B. clean C. cleaning D. cleans
19. Mr. Brown said that his car needed
A. to be repaired B. being repaired C. be repairing D. to repair
20. The old man didn't know whether to sell the car or____ .
A. being kept for later use B. kept for later use
C. to keep it for later use D. to be kept it for later use
21. The noise of the desks _____ could be heard in the next classroom.
A. being opened and closed B. opened and closed
C. having been opened and closed D. to be opened and closed
22. I remember _____ someone ____ the umbrella away.
A. to see, take B. having seen, to take
C. to see, to take D. having seen, take
23. She was noticed ______ the shop.
A. to enter B. enter C. having entered D. entered
24. I couldn't help _____ when I heard the joke.
A. being laughed B. laughing C. to be laughing D. to laugh
25._____, she burst into tears.
A. Deeply moved B. Deeply moving
C. As she deeply moved D. As she was deeply moving
26. The problem requires ______.
A. studying with great care B. to study carefully
C. to be studied without carelessness D. taking great care of studying it
27. _____ carelessly, the boy made mistakes here and there. .
A. being written B. Wrote C. Write D. Writing
28. He would rather ______ his parents with their housework than _____ out to play games.
A. to help, to go B. help, go C. help, to go D. to help, go
29. The boy had his leg _____ while ____ football.
A. broken, playing B. break, play C. broken, played D. broke, was playing
30. Having finished the work,_____. A. it was almost six o'clock
B. a postman came and delivered the evening paper and some letters
C. supper had been already prepared D. we had a rest and then had supper
31. He is ill. He has kept_____.
A. coughing all along B. to cough at night
C. cough since yesterday D. being coughed day and night
32. It is no use ____ without _____.
A. to talk, doing B. taking, being done
C. talking, doing D. being talked, being to do
33. “I usually go there by boat.” “Why not _____ by train for a change?”
A. try going B. to try going C. trying to go D. to try and go
34._____, she felt quite shy at the party.
A. As she a stranger B. Being a stranger
C. According to a stranger D. She like a stranger
35. Every morning he gets up early and practises ______ and then _____ to school.
A. to read English, go B. reading English, going
C. reading English, goes D. of reading English, goes
36. While _____ football on tin playground, I found 'my keys ______.
A. playing, lost , B. play, losing C. played, being lost D. having played, lost
37. ____ the same mistakes again made his parents very angry.
A. His having made B. He has made C. He had making D. Him making
38. Dick made it ______ to all his friends.
A. to know B. known C. know D. knowing
39. Anna spends one hour a day _____ spoken English.
A. practise B. to practise C. on practising D. in practising
40. No one was surprised at _____ the examination.
A. he passing B. his pass C. him pass D. his passing
41. Although swimming is his favourite sport, yet he doesn't like _____ today.
A. to swim B. swimming C. swim D. to have swim
42. She sat at the desk and set about _____ a letter to her friend.
A. to write B. writing C. write D. written
43. This soup is cold; it needs _____.
A. to heat B. to be heated C. being hot D. heated
44. I went ______a balloon but I didn't see anyone _____ balloons.
A. to buy, to sell B. to buy, selling C. buying, selling D. buying, to sell
45. Anna is often heard ______songs in her room.
A. sung B. singing C. sing D. to sing
46. The more you practise ______ English, the better your _____ English will be.
A. to speak, speaking B. speaking, spoken C. spoken, spoken D. spoken, speaking
篇13：英语语法练习题：非谓语动词
英语语法练习题精选：非谓语动词
1. Zhou Lan doesn’t have to be made ________. She always works hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. le arned
2. ________ for several times, we decided not to do it again.
A. Having scolded B. Having been scolded C. She has been scolded D. Since she was scolded
3. Hearing the bad news, _______.
A. tears came down her face B. she can’t help crying
C. everything seemed to be in bad order D. the young lady was upset
4. The boy was caught ______ things from a shop last night.
A. steal B. to steal C. stole D. stealing
5. The ______ look on his face suggested that he was ______.
A. surprised; surprised B. surprising; surprising
C. surprised; surprising D. surprising; surprised
6. This novel is said __________ last year.
A. to have been published B. to be published
C. to have published D. having been published
7. I have never thought of _______ abroad with us.
A. you to go B. you will go C. for you to go D. you going
8. It was very clever ______ in the young lady’s room.
A. for Holmes to stay B. Holmes’ staying C. of Holmes to stay D. of Holmes’ staying
9. They spent the night ______ in the room.
A. having locked B. locking C. to be locked D. locked
10. You look that light-hearted. Nothing seems _______ to you.
A. to happen B. to have been happened C. to have happened D. to be happened
11. This song is sung by many people, _______ it very popular.
A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
12. In many countries, school teachers get _________ by the year.
A. paid B. paying C. to pay D. pay
13. I have had the computer _______ because my father had me ______ it.
A. repair; done B. repaired; do C. repairing; do D. repaired; done
14. Revolution means ______ the productive forces.
A. liberate B. liberating C. liberated D. to liberate
15. It happened ______ when I left the station , so I had to wait until the rain stopped.
A. to be raining B. to have rained C. to rain D. raining
16. If you have a fever, you’d better drink more ______ water.
A. boiling B. boil C. boiled D. to boil
17. He could do nothing but _____ for the bus _______.
A. wait; to come B. wait; come C. waiting; coming D. waited; came
18. ______ it rains, we will stay at home.
A. Supposed B. Supposing C. To suppose D. If suppose
19. Nobody likes to ______.
A. laugh at B. make fun of C. be laughed D. be made fun of
20. He advised ______ but I didn’t listen to him.
A. me going B. my going C. for me to go D. me to go
21. I have a lot of letters ___________.
A. deal with B. to deal C. to be dealt D. to deal with
22. I don’t think this room comfortable ________.
A. to live B. to live in C. to be lived D. living in
23. He is believed ______ the college exam, for he is now studying very hard.
A. to pass B. to have passed C. pass D. that he can pass
24. Have you got used _______ up early ?
A. to get B. to getting C. to be getting D. getting
25. _____ in the forest, he had to ask for help by sending out signals.
A. Having lost B. Losing C. Lost D. He was lost
26. I regret ____ your advice, or I would have succeeded.
A. not to take B. not take C. not taking D. not taken
27. All the children need _________. So they all have the right of going to school.
A. to teach B. being taught C. taught D. teaching
28. All that is worth ______ should be well _______.
A. doing; done B. being done; done C. doing ; doing D. being done; doing
29. When I passed by, he pretended ______ and didn’t even raise his eyes.
A. to read B. to be reading C. to have read D. reading
30. _________, they went home, ________.
A. Their work had been finished ; singing and laughing
B. They had finished their work; sang and laughed
C. Their work finished; singing and laughing
D. After their work finished; singing and laughing
31. The studios which Disney started are still busy today _____ more and more interesting films.
A. to produce B. produced C. produce D. producing
32. The young man was praised for ________ a little boy.
A. have saved B. he has saved C. having saved D. saving
33. How about two of us _______ the meeting ?
A. to attend B. attend C. attending D. to be attending
34. I didn’t remember ______ him before, so I didn’t address him when he came.
A. to meet B. having met C. have met D. to having met
35. The building ______ now will be our school library.
A. built B. to be built C. is being built D. being built
36. “Last night, you forget ______ off the lights when you left the room.”
“Really? I remember ________ them off.”
A. to turn; to turn B. to turn; turning C. turning; turning D. turning; to turn
37.If you want to improve your _____ English, you must try ________ English every day.
A. spoken; to practise speaking B. spoken ; practising speaking
C. speaking; to practise to speak D. spoken; to practise to speak
38. The Golden Gate Bridge, ______ several hundred years ago, is worldwide famous.
A. which is built B. which built C. having built D. built
39. The young deer was lucky to miss _______.
A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch
40. “Will you have anybody _____ the flowers?”
“Yes, I will have the flowers _______. ”
A. plant; planted B. to plant; planted C. plant; to be planted D. to plant; plant
41. He went there in a hurry only ______ that everybody had left.
A. finding B. to find C. having found D. to have found
42. Mr and Mrs Smith were killed in an accident , _____ their child as an orphan.
A. leaving B. to leave C. having left D. to have left
43. He came ______ to the station ______ the first train.
A. running , catching B. to run; to catch C. ran; to catch D. running; to catch
44. Jackson likes ______, but he doesn’t like ________ today.
A. to fish; to fish B. fishing ; fishing C. to fish; fishing D. fishing; to fish
45. I saw the man ______ on a bus and go away.
A. to get B. get C. was getting D. getting
46. With you _____by, I can’t say any more.
A. stood B. stand C. to stand D. standing
47. ______, the city looks beautiful.
A. Seeing from the hill B. Seen from the hill
C. To see from the hill D. To be seen from the hill
48. That day I saw some villagers ______ at the back of the classroom, ______ to the headmaster.
A. seating; listening B. seated; listening C. sitting; listening D. sat; listening
49. Whom will you __________ with you ?
A. have to go B. having going C. have gone D. have go
50. The girl wrote a composition without ______.
A. ask B. asking C. being asked D. to be asked
51. He finished his homework and then went on ______ me.
A. helping B. with help C. with helping D. to help
52. ______ where to go, he asked a policeman .
A. Having lost his way and not knowing B. Losing his way and didn’t know
C. Having lost his way and didn’t know D. Lost his way and didn’t know
53. ______ her friend was badly hurt, she burst into tears.
A. Hearing B. Having heard C. To hear D. Heard
54. ______ his team had won, his face lit up at once.
A. Knowing B. When knowing C. After knowing D. when he knew
55. _______ over and over again, but he still couldn’t understand .
A. Having explained B. Having been explained
C. Explaining D. It had been explained
56. ______ no buses, he had to walk home.
A. There was B. There is C. There being D. Being
57. Several Chinese people were killed in the bomb, three journalists ______.
A. be included B. including C. included D. have been included
58. I can hardly imagine such a disabled boy _____ so great a thing.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. to have done
59. The surface of the lake is ______ with _____ leaves.
A. covered; fallen B. covered; falling C. covering; fallen D. covering; falling
60. What have we said _______ you so unhappy ?
A. make B. made C. to make D. makes
篇14：英语语法口诀非谓语动词
非谓语动词包括动词不定式，动词的过去分词和动词的-ing形式三种。这是高考中的热点，其考查量多、面广，几乎是必考的一个知识点。近六年高考复现率达百分之百。纵观试题，其考查重点为动词非谓语形式的作用及功能相同的非谓语动词之间的区别。学生对此知识也“知之半解”，深感头疼。请看下面的方法，将有助于记住不定式及动名词。
1、动词的不定式
①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。
②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。
③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。
④not 加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。
⑤疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。
⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。
解析：①“to+动词原形”是它的基本构成形式，即不定式的标记。
②它没有人称和数的变化，不管主语是任何人称，单数还是复数，动词不定式都没有变化。但它仍保留动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语。
③它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点，所以，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补。
④“not +动词不定式”是它的否定形式，不要受其他否定式的影响，要记住规律。
⑤疑问代词what, who, whom, which和疑问副词where, when, why , how加上不定式在句中可以做主语，宾语、表语、状语。
⑥通过以上分析，只要仔细研究，把不定式的功能用法搞清楚，在应用时就能作出准确的判断。
2、动名词：
哪些动词后面只能接动名词，下面的顺口溜有助于记忆。
喜欢、考虑不可免(enjoy, consider, escape, avoid)
停止，放弃太冒险(stop, give up , risk)
反对想象莫推延(mine, imagine, delay, put off)
要求完成是期望(require, finish, look forward to.)
建议继续勤*练(suggest, go on, practise)
不禁原谅要坚持(can’t help, excuse , insist on)
继续注意使成功(keep on, mind, succeed in)
篇15：语法复习十三：非谓语动词（二）--动词-ing形式
（二）-ing形式：动词的-ing形式也是一种非谓语动词。-ing形式仍保留有动词的特征，可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语。
1、-ing的形式：-ing有一般式和完成式。及物动词的-ing还有主动语态和被动语态，而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。现在以及物动词make 和不及物动词go为例，将其-ing各种形式列表如下：
动词 语态
形式 及物动词make 不及物动词go
主动语态 被动语态 主动语态
一般式 making being made going
完成式 having made having been made having gone
2、-ing形式的基本用法。
（1）作主语：Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。Talking is easier than doing. –ing作主语时，如果其结构较长，可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后置。如：It isn’t much good writing to them again. It’s no use waiting here.
（2）作表语：Her job is washing and cooking. My hobby is collecting stamps.
（3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语。She likes drawing very much.；②作某些短语动词的宾语。 Mary is thinking of going back to New York.；③ do+限定词（my, some, any, the等）+ -ing，表示“做…事”之意，如：We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. Will you do any shopping on Saturday this afternoon? ④作介词的宾语：Her sister is good at learning physics.；⑤作形容词worth, busy等的宾语：This book is well worth reading. –ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如：We found it no good talking like that. Do you think it necessary trying again?
（4）作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old. Do you know the man standing at the gate? 注：-ing形式作定语用时，如果-ing只是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是-ing短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后，-ing作定语时，被-ing所修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。另外，-ing作定语用时，其动作和句子谓语动词所表示的动作是同时进行的，如果不是同时进行的，就不能用-ing作定语，要使用定语从句，如：The girl who wrote a letter there yesterday can speak English very well.
（5）作宾语补足语：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. 注：当-ing在复合宾语中作宾语补足语用时，句中宾语就是这个-ing的逻辑主语，可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see, watch, hear, observe, feel, find, have, keep等。
（6）作状语：①时间状语：Seeing Tom, I couldn’t help thinking of his brother. 分词在句中作时间状语时，其前一般可加when或while，如：When crossing street, you must be careful. ②原因状语：Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday. ③方式或伴随状语：Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.
3、主动语态-ing完成式的基本用法。主动语态-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用。句中的主语是它的逻辑主语，并且是它所表示的动作的执行者，如：Having answered the letter, she went on to read an English novel.
4、被动语态-ing一般式的基本用法。被动语态-ing一般式所表示的动作是一个正在进行中的被动动作，而且这个被动动作也是和句中谓语所表示的动作同时发生的。它一般在句中作定语或状语用。如：The truck being repaired there is ours.
5、被动语态-ing完成式的基本用法。被动语态-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，在句中一般作状语用。如：Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.
6、-ing形式的复合结构。在-ing前加物主代词或名词所有格即构成-ing的复合结构。其中的物主代词或名词所有格为-ing的逻辑主语。这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，如：Your smoking and drinking too much will do harm to your health. 但在口语中，这种结构如作宾语用，其中的物主代词常用人称代词的宾格，名词的所有格常用名词的普通格代替，如：She insisted on Peter’s (or Peter)going there first.
7、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作主语、表语、宾语时的区别。一般说来，表示一个比较抽象或泛指的动作时多用-ing形式。表示一个具体某一次的动作时，多用动词不定式，如：Our job is making steel. She likes playing the piano, but she doesn't want to play it today.
8、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作定语的区别。-ing形式作定语用时，其动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动词同时发生，而动词不定式作定语时，其动作一般发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之后。如：The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well./I have three letters to write.
9、-ing形式与动词不定式在作宾语补足语时的区别。（1）不定式作宾补时，其动作一般发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，如：I have told them to come again tomorrow.（2）在see, watch, hear, feel等之后，如果用-ing形式作宾补，表示其动作正在进行中，而用不带to的不定式作宾补时，不定式所表示的动作是一个动作的过程，如：I hear her singing in the room.我听见她正在屋里唱歌。 I hear her sing in the room.我听见她在屋里唱过歌。
10、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作状语的区别。-ing形式在句作状语表示时间、原因、方式或伴随情况，而动词不定式一般式在句中作状语时，一般是作目的或结果状语，如：Not receiving his letter, I wrote to him again./ I looked into the window to see what was going on inside.
练习、非谓语动词（二）
1. Alien said that his trip was _______.
A. interested B. interest C. interesting D. of interest
2. We can't understand ______ a decision until it is too late.
A. him to postpone to make B. his postponing to make
C. him to postpone making D. his postponing making
3. I couldn't understand ______ at the poor child.
A. you to laugh B. you laugh C. why laugh D. you laughing
4. It's no use______ with him. You might as well ______ with a stone wall.
A. arguing, argue B. to argue, arguing C. arguing, arguing D. to argue, argue
5. It is no good ______ today's work for tomorrow.
A. to leave B. leaving C. that you leave D. leave
6. The old man's ______ pity on the snake led to his own death.
A. take B. taking C. being taken D. have
7. It's very kind ______ you ______ say so.
A. of, to B. for, to C. to, to D. of, /
8. Some people's greatest pleasure is ______ .
A. fishing B. to fish C. to be fish D. being fishing
9. Remember ______ the book, when you have finished it.
A. putting back B. having put back C. to put back D. will put back
10. You didn't hear us come back last night. That's good. We tried ______ noisy.
A. to not be B. not to be C. being not D. not being
11. Though he failed, he tried _______ it again and again.
A. to do B. doing C. do D. done.
12. You'll regret ______ those words. You may hurt her feelings.
A. say B. to say C. having said D. to have said
13. You can keep the book until you ______ .
A. have finished reading B. finish to read
C. will finish reading D. have finished to read
14. We are looking forward to ______ another chance ______ it again.
A. be given, to try B. give, to try .C. giving, trying D. having, to try
15. Most of the students enjoy_____ stamps.
A. collect B. to collect C. collecting D. collected
16. Excuse me for _____ in without ______.
A. coming, asking B. coming, being asked C. to come, asking D. to come, being asked
17. People couldn't help ______ the foolish girl.
A. laugh at B. to laugh at C. laughing at D. laughing :
18. “What do you think of the book?” “Oh. excellent, it's worth _______ a second time.”
A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read
19. “I usually go there by train.” “Why not ______ by boat for a change?”
A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going
20. I was too excited ______ .
A. speak B. to speak C. not to speak D. speaking
21. Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer.
A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented
22. It is no use _____to come now. He is busy.
A. ask him B. to ask him C. that you ask him D. asking him
23. The murder was brought in, with his hands _______ behind his back.
A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied
24. Mrs Smith warned her daughter ____ after drinking.
A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive.
25. The computer centre, ______ last year is very popular among the students in this school.
A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened.
26. Do you know the boy _______ under the big tree?
A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying
27. Most of the artists ______ to the party 'were from South Africa.
A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited
28. English is a language ______ in many countries.
A. spoken B. speaking C. be spoken D. to speak
29. “Can you read?” Mary said to the notice.
A. angrily, pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily, pointed D. and angrily pointing
30. There was a terrible noise _______ the sudden burst of Tight.
A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed
31. ____ more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given
32. _____their students, the famous teacher came into the hall.
A. Followed B. Followed by
C. Being followed D. Having been followed
33. Your flat needs _____ . Would you like me it for you?
A. to clean, to do B. cleaning, doing C. cleaning, to do D. to be cleaned, doing
34. Does your new secretary ____ short hand?
A. know to take B. know how to take C. know how take D. know how taking
35. Tommy had his big brother _____ his shoes for him.
A. to tie B. tie C. tied D. tying
36. Would you please ______ write on the textbooks?
A. don't B. not to C. not D. to not
37. I'd ______ the operation unless it is absolutely necessary.
A. rather not have B. rather not to have C. not rather had D. rather not having
38. Your mother and I are looking forward________ you.
A. of seeing B. for seeing C. to see D. to seeing
39. The girl couldn't_____ how red his face was.
A. help to notice B. be helping to notice C. be helping noticing D. help noticing
40. Excuse me, but it is time to have your temperature ______.
A. taking B. to take C. take D. taken
篇16：“there be＋名词＋非谓语动词”英语语法
“there be＋名词＋非谓语动词”英语语法
1. there be+宾语+现在分词：
现在分词表示主动关系，同时表示动作正在进行：
There is someone waiting for him. 有人在等他。
There was a man standing in front of me. 我前面站着一个男人。
There were some children swimming in the river. 有些小孩在河里游泳。
There were a group of young people working in the fields. 有一群青年在地里劳动。
有时现在分词可表示一种状态：
There’s a piano standing against the wall. 靠墙有一架钢琴。
There’re a lot of difficulties facing us. 我们面前有很多困难。
There is a door leading to the garden. 有一座门通往花园。
有个别现在分词用于该结构时可以表示将来(正如它们可用进行时表示将来一样)：
There are ten people coming to dinner. 有10个人来吃晚饭。
2. there be+宾语+过去分词：
过去分词表示一种被动关系，同时表示动作已经发生：
There is nothing written on it. 上面没写东西。
There were ten people killed in the accident. 事故中有10人丧生。
有时过去分词也可表示一种状态(可转换成被动结构)：
There were some old men seated (=who were seated) in the back. 有些老人坐在后面。
There is a red car parked (=which is parked) outside the house. 房子外边停着一辆红色汽车。
3. there be+宾语+不定式：不定式通常表示动作尚未发生：
There was nobody to look after the child. 没有人照顾这孩子。
There was a large crowd to send him off. 有一大群人要来给他送行。
There was so much to lose that we couldn’t take any risks. 可能会有很大的损失，因此我们不能冒险。
【注】当其中的宾语与其后的不定式为被动关系时，可用主动表被动，也可用被动式：
There is much work to do [to be done]. 有许多工作要做。
有时其中的不定式为系表结构：
There is nothing to be afraid of. 没什么可怕的.。
What was there to be afraid of. 有什么可怕的?
There’s nothing to be ashamed of. 没有什么值得羞愧的。
