“习惯性中人”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了6篇主谓一致英语基础语法，以下是小编为大家整理后的主谓一致英语基础语法，希望能够帮助到大家。
篇1：主谓一致英语基础语法
1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数
Reading and writing are very important.
注意： 当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life.
典型例题
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C.。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别， monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
2 主谓一致中的靠近原则
1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk..
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.
2)当either… or… 与neither… nor， 连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。 如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。
Either you or she is to go.
Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.
3 谓语动词与前面的主语一致
当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.
He as well as I wants to go boating.
4 谓语需用单数
1) 代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every, 谓语需用单数。
Each of us has a tape-recorder.
There is something wrong with my watch.
2) 当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English.
<<天方夜谭>>是英语爱好者熟悉的一本好书。
3) 表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语 时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可，意思不变。)
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.
Ten yuan is enough.
5 指代意义决定谓语的单复数
1) 在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。
All is right. (一切顺利。)
All are present. (所有人都到齐了。)
2) 集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示该个集体。
His family isn't very large. 他家不是一个大家庭。
His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音乐爱好者。
但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。
Are there any police around?
3)有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。
A number of +名词复数+复数动词。
The number of +名词复数+单数动词。
A number of books have lent out.
6 与后接名词或代词保持一致
1) 用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时，动词通常与of后面的名词，代词保持一致。
Most of his money is spent on books.
Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.
2) 在一些短语，如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。
Many a person has read the novel. 许多人都读过这本书。
More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生都来自这个城市。
篇2：高中英语主谓一致语法
规则
情 况
举 例
语
法
一
致
原
则
以单数名词或代词动词不定式短语，动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词
用复数形式。
His father is working on the farm.
To study English well is not easy.
Readingin the sun is bad for your eyes.
What he said is very important for us all.
由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
what I bought were three English books.
What I say and do is (are) helpful for you.
由连接词and或both…and连接起来的主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。但若所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物
时，它后面的谓语就用单数形式。由and 连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every 或more than a (an)/one,many a (an) 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。either, neither, each, every 或no+单数名词和由some, any no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。.
Lucy and Lily are twins
The writer and artist has come.
Every student and every teach is in the classroom.
Many a boy and many a girl likes it.
No boy and no girl likes it.
Each of us has a new book. Is everyone here today?
Somebody is speaking in class. Everything around us is matter
若none of 后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数。若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。
None of the sugar was left.
None of us has (have) been to America.
在定语从句里，关系代词that, who, which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
Those who want to go please write their names on the blackboard.
He is one of my friends who are working hard.
He is the (only) one of my friends who is working hard.
在强调句型中应与被强调部分一致
It is I who am going to the cinema tonight.
It is we whoare going to the cinema tonight.
如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数形式；如果它指的集体的成员，其谓语动词用复数形式
The police are looking for the lost child.
The cattle are eating grass in the field.
His family has moved to the south .(他的一家)
His family are watching TV.（他的家人）
Class four is on the third floor.（四班）
Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.（四班的学生）
由a lot of /lots of/ plenty of/ a heap of/ heaps of/ the rest of/the majority of+名词构成的短语以及由分数或百分数+名词构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。
There are a lot of people in the classroom.
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
50 percent of the students in our class are girls.
此外，还有a number of +复数名词有类似的用法（用复数），但the number of +复数名词的数就得依number 而定（用单数）。
A number of students have gone to the farm to help the farmer pick apples.
The number of pages in this book is three hundred.
在倒装句中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致
There comes the bus. On the wall are many pictures.
Such is the result. Such are the facts.
Between the two hills stands a monument.
逻
辑
意
义
一
致
原
则
What, who, which, any, more, all 等代词可以是单数，也可是复数，主要靠意思来决定。
Which is your bag? Which are your bags?
Are any of you good at English? Has any of you got a pen?
All can be done has been done. All is going well.
All have been taken out. All have gone to Beijing.
表示时间重量长度价值等的名词的复数作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式，这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体。
Thirty minutes is enough for the work..
Twenty pounds is too dear.
如强调这类词的复数意义，则谓语动词要用复数形式
Forty kilos of water are used every day.
若英语是书名名格言剧名报名国名等的复数形式，其谓语动词通常用单数形式。
The United States is smaller than China.
“The Arabian Nights” is an interesting story-book.
表数量的短语“one and a half”后面接复数名词作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
One and a half apples is left on the table.
一些学科名词是以-ics结尾，如：mathematics, politics, physics 以及news, works 等。都属于形式上是复数的名词，实际意义为单数名词，
它们作主语时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。
The paper works was built in 1990.这家造纸厂建于1990年。
I don’t think physics is easy to study.
trousers, glasses, clothes, shoes, scissors (剪刀)等词作主语时，谓语用复数，但如果这些名词前有a(the) pair of 等量词修饰时（clothes被a suit of 修饰）谓语动词用单数。
My glasses are broken.
The pair of shoes under the bed is his.
“定冠词the+形容词或分词”，表示某一类人动词用复数；若表示某一类东西时，动词用单数。
The old are taken good care of there.
The beautiful gives pleasure to all.
就
近
/远
一
致
原
则
当两个主语由either or, neither nor, not only but also ,whether or 连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语保持一致,即就近一致。
Either the teacher or the students are our friends.
Neither he nor they are wholly right.
Neither they nor he is wholly right.
Is neither he nor they wholly right?
there be 句型中be 动词的单复数取决于其后的主语。如果其后是由and 连接的两个主语，则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致，即就近一致。
There are two chairs and a desk in the room.
There is a desk and two chairs in the room.
主语后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, no less than, rather than, more than, besides, along with, including, in addition to 等引起的短语，谓语动词要跟主语一致，即就远一致。
Mr. Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China.
A woman with a baby was on the bus.
Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.
She, like you and Tom, is very tall.
The girls as well as the boy have learned to speak Japanese.
No one except my teachers knows anything about it.
篇3：语法：主谓一致 教案 (人教版英语高一)
课题：动名词做主语和宾语
The -ing form as the Subject and Object
课型：新授课（语法）
【学习目标】
1.认知目标：
了解动词-ing形式做主语和宾语在具体语境中的应用。
2.能力目标：
（1）运用归纳或演绎等方法分析动词-ing形式做主语和宾语的用法。
（2）学会在具体语境中使用动词-ing形式做主语和宾语。
【学习重点】
（1）动词-ing形式做主语
（2）动词-ing形式做宾语
(3) 动词-ing形式的否定形式
(4) 动词-ing形式的复合结构
【学习难点】
（1）动词-ing形式做主语 （2）动词-ing形式做宾语
【学法指导】
运用归纳、演绎等方法分析主谓一致的用法。通过对学、群学、小组讨论合作等形式分析和解决问题。通过小组学习竞赛、积分，提高学习趣味性。
I 自主学习
Lead-in 语法导入
主谓一致是指英语中的谓语动词必须在人称和数上与主语保持一致。
主谓一致一般都遵循以下三个原则：语法一致、意义一致、和就近一致。
1.语法一致是指句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上一致，即谓语动词的单复数形式依主语的单复数形式而定。主语为单数，谓语动词用单数，主语为复数，谓语动词也用复数。
例句： I often help him and he often helps me. 我经常帮助他，他也经常帮助我。
2.意义一致是指不依语法形式而侧重于根据实际意义处理主谓关系，根据主语所表达的实际含义确定谓语动词的单复数。主语意义为复数，谓语用复数；主语意义为单数，谓语用单数。
例句：①The police are searching for a thief. 警察正在搜寻一名贼。
②The cattle are eating grass on the hill. 牛儿正在山上吃草。
3.就近一致是指当主语有两个或两个以上时，谓语动词依据靠近它的主语确定其人称和数的形式。
例句：①Either you or he is wrong.要么是你错，要么是他错。
②Neither he nor you are required to overwork.你和他都不用加班。
II．合作探究及展示
主谓一致的具体用法：
一． 集合名词作主语
1）表示整体概念，强调一致性，谓语动词用单数形式，表示个体概念，强调每一个成员，谓语动词用复数形式。
常见的集合名词有：family, group, class, grade, team, army, nation, crowd, population, company, government, committee等。例如：
①他们全家要外出。 (表示整体概念，强调一致性，谓语动词用单数）
His family （be) going out.
②他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。（表示个体概念，强调每一个成员）
His family (be) all music lovers.
2）有些有生命的集合名词做主语时，谓语动词只能用复数。常见的这类集合名词有：people，police，cattle等。例如：
Chinese people (be) very friendly. 中国人很友好。
The cattle (be) eating grass on the hill. 那头牛正在田地里吃草
二． 表示成双成套的名词，如trousers, shoes, glasses, socks, stockings, scissors单独做主语时，谓语动词用复数，但当它们和a pair of 或pairs of 连用时，谓语动词与pair 的数保持一致。例如：
The pair of glasses （fit）you well. 你戴这副眼睛很适合。
Several pairs of new shoes have been sent to the old men.已经给这位老人寄去好几双新鞋了。
三． 不定代词做主语
（1）不定代词anyone, somebody, something, no one, nobody, each, the other等做做主语，谓语动词用单数。例如：
①Someone wants to see you. 有人想见你。
②Nobody (know) the answer. 没有人知道答案。
（2）不定代词none和neither既可表单数也可表复数。其单复数含义要根据说话人的意思决定。例如：
None of them have/has a computer. 他们都没有电脑/他们没有一个人有电脑。
Neither of them know/knows the reason. 他们俩全都不知道答案/他们两个谁也不知道答案。
（3）all 修饰不可数名词表示单数概念时，谓语动词用单数；如果all修饰的是复数名词，谓语动词用复数。例如：
All of the water(be) polluted.所有的水都被污染了。（all 修饰不可数名词表示单数概念时，谓语动词用单数。
All of the apples ____（be) rotten. 所有的苹果都烂了。(all修饰的是复数名词，谓语动词用复数)
All of the apple ____ (be) rotten. 整个苹果都烂了。 (all表示整个或整体的含义时，谓语用单数）
（4）不定代词 each，every, no所修饰的名词及each....and each, every....and every, no....and no. many a... and many a...结构作主语时，谓语动词任然用单数形式。例如：
Every man and every woman is at work. 所有人都在工作
Many a desk and many a beach（be) be taken out of the hall. 许多课桌和凳子将被搬出大厅。
四．由either....or, neither...nor, not...but或not only...but also连接两个主语时，谓语动词常和邻近的主语一致，即谓语动词使用“就近一致”原则。例如：
1）Either Tom or I（be）going there. 要么是汤姆去要么是我去。
2）Not the students but the teacher is about to visit the place.不是学生而是老师将去参观这个地方。
五．在there be句型中，当主语是两个或多个名词（短语）并列时，be的形式通常跟与之靠近的一个名词（短语）保持一致，即使用“就近一致”原则。例如：
房间里有一张桌子和四把椅子。There （be)a desk and four chairs in the room.
房间里有四把椅子和一张桌子。There (be ) four chairs and a desk in the room.
六．其他情况
（1）主语后有 as well as , with, rather than, but, like, except, besides, including等词或短语时，谓语动词的形式不受这些短语的影响。例如：
①Your father as well as you is very kind to me. 不仅你而且你的父亲对我都很好。
②A lot of citizens as well as the major (have)come to greet us.不仅许多的市民而且市长也来迎接我们。
（2）many a 和more than one 后加单数名词表示复数意义，谓语动词用单数。例如：
①Many a soldiers was killed in the battle.
②More than one students (like) playing badminton.
（3）表示单一概念的不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：
①Smoking is bad for your health.吸烟有害你的健康。
②To see(be) to believe.眼见为实。
*注意：what引导的主语从句，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果从句后面的表语是复数形式，则谓语动词用复数形式。例如：
What the students need most is diligence.
What the poor students need(be) foods and books.
(4)表示总量或总和的时间、距离、金钱、重量等的复数名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：
One hundred kilograms (be) too heavy.100公斤太重了。
Twenty years is a long time.二十年是很长一段时间。
（5）分数，百分数或half of /part of / the rest of + n./ pron.主语时，谓语动词由后面的n/pron 决定，然而 one of + n/pron做主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：
Three quarters（Three-fourths) of the surface of the earth is sea. 地球表面的四分之三是海洋。
Eighty percent of the workers here(be) women.这里80%的工作者是女性。
（6）定语从句中，其谓语动的数和先行词保持一致。例如：
Tom, who is your friend, should help you.你的朋友汤姆应该帮你。
Those who (enjoy) singing may join us.凡是喜欢唱歌的人都可以加入我们中来。
（7）并列结构充当主语表示整体概念时，指的是同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念，谓语动词用单数，这时and后面的名词没有冠词。常见的并列结构表示整体的概念的有：butter and bread（黄有面包）， a watch and a chain(一块带链的表）、a cart and horse(马车）、a knife and fork(一副刀叉）、the writer and poet(作家兼诗人）。例如：
The cart and horse （be) coming. 马车来了。
III.当堂检测
1．填出正确的谓语动词形式
1)The public (be) the best judge because always (express) their thoughts correctly.
2) None of the books (be) easy enough for us.
3) Ten dollars (be ) what he wanted most at that moment.
4) The rich (be) not always happy.
5) Nine plus three (make) twelve.
2.单项选择：
(1) _____ of the land in that district ____ covered with trees and grass.
A.Two fifth; is B. Two fifth; are C. Two fifths; is D. Two fifths; are
(2)E-mail, as well as telephone, _________ an important part in daily communication.
A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. Play
(3) He is the only one of the students who _________ a winner of scholarship for three years. A. is B. are C. have been D. has been
(4)All but one _______ here just now. A. is B. was C. has beenD. were
(5)The teacher together with the studentsdiscussing Reading Skills that newly published in America.
A.are; were B.is ; were C.are; was D.is; was.
(6) The population of the city not large, but one- third of the population hight-educated citizens.
A. is; is B.are; are C.is; are D.are, is
(7) Most of what has been said about the Smiths also true of the Johnsons.
A. are B.is C. being D. to be
(8) When and where to build the new factory _________ yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decidedD. have not decided
(9) A group of _____ are eating _____ and ______ at the foot of the hill. (NMET'95)
A. sheep; grass; leaves B. sheeps; grasses; leaves
C. sheep; grass; leafD. sheeps; grass; leafs
(10) As a result of destroying the forests, a large _____ of desert _____ covered the land.
A. number; has B. quantity; has C. number; have D. quantity; have
(11) All that can be eaten eaten up.
A.have been B.had been C. has been D are being
(12) Half of the material away.
A.has been taken B. Are taken C.have been taken D.were taken
(13) What caused the accident and who was responsible for it a mystery for us.
A. Has been remained B.have been remained C.remain D. Remains
(14) Many a man seen the wonderful film. Many men seen the wonderful film.
A. has; has B. has; have C. have; has D. have; have
(15) A woman with two children coming up to us. Mary, along with her parents move to Paris. A. is, has B. is, have C. are, have D are, has
I
篇4：初中英语语法主谓语法一致原则
初中英语语法主谓语法一致原则
谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
1. 语法一致的原则
（1）以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数，例如：
He goes to school early every morning.
The children are playing outside.
To work hard is necessary for a student.
（2）由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：
Both he and I are right.
Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.
但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如：
His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
The poet and writer has come.
（3）由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
Each man and each woman is asked to help.
（4）主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。例如：
The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.
Nobody but two boys was late for class.
Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.
（5） 一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。例如：
A lot of people are dancing outside.
The police are looking for lost boy.
（6）由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。例如：
Is everybody ready?
Somebody is using the phone.
（7）有两部分构成的'物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：
Where are my shoes? I can’t find them.
Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them.
如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如：
Here are some new pairs of shoes.
My new pair of socks is on the bed.
对于上述老师为同学们带来的这些，同学们都懂了吗？如果还有不懂的可以参考例句多多学习！
篇5：考研英语 语法精解：主谓一致上
考研英语 语法精解：主谓一致（上）
转眼间，考研英语已经进入到强化阶段，对于一些重难点的语法考生们应该开始学习、掌握。
主谓一致（Subject?verb Agreement）
句子成分间或词语间必须在人称、数、性等方面保持一致，一致这一语言现象在日常应用及各类英语考试中出现较多，最主要的一致关系是主谓一致。
一、主谓一致的分类
1.语法一致，即主语为单数形式，谓语动词也采取单数形式；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也用复数形式。
2.意义一致，即从意义上着眼来处理主谓一致问题，也就是说有时主语形式为单数，但意义为复数，这时谓语动词视其意义采用复数形式，反之亦然。
3.就近一致，即谓语动词的人称和数往往和最靠近的词语保持一致。 考研 教育网
二、主谓一致原则的具体应用
（一）what从句或其他名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式
例句： All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf， or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.（选自Text 1）
分析： 该句是复合句，其中，定语从句I have to do前省略了关系代词that，修饰先行词all，all that相当于what.
译文： 我要做的是走到我的唱片架旁，或者打开电脑从iTunes上下载更多的音乐录音。
例句： He claims to be an expert in astronomy， but in actual fact he is quite ignorant on the subject. What little he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate.（第7题）
分析： but前后为一组并列句，而What little he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate是一个复合句，即主语从句，what little he knows about it在主语从句中作主语。
译文： 他声称是天文学的专家，而事实上他对该学科一窍不通。所知道的一点点也是过时的且不准确的。
例句： That these seas are being overfished has been known for years.
（选自Text 3）
分析： 该句是复合句，其中主语从句的主语由That these seas are being overfished充当。
译文： 众所周知，人类在海洋里过度捕捞已经很多年了。
（二）主语后跟有由特殊连词引出的词语时，其谓语动词的单复数由主语决定
这样的'连词有as well as， rather than， together with， along with， but， except， accompanied by， in addition to， including， instead of， like， more than等，有时这些词也可以置于句首。。
例句： The pollution question as well as several other issues is going to be discussed when the Congress is in session again next spring. （第36题）
分析： 该句是复合句，本句中主句主语后接as well as……，谓语动词的单复数和主语一致。
译文： 明年春天再次举行的国会会议上将讨论污染及其他一些问题。
例句： John?s uncle， together with his two relatives， suggests that we （should） stay here till next weekend.
分析： 该句是复合句，suggest后的宾语从句that we （should） stay here till next weekend用虚拟语气。
译文： 约翰的叔叔还有他的两个亲戚建议我们待到下周末。
例句： Together with another two scientists， he is publishing a paper which not only suggests that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others， but explains the process that has brought this about. （选自Use of English）
分析： 该句是复合句，句子主干是he is publishing a paper，介词短语together with another two scientists作状语，表示伴随， which引导一个定语从句，修饰a paper，其中包含了not only……but（also）这一句型，that one group……than the others作suggests的宾语，that has brought this about是一个修饰the process的定语从句。
译文： 他和其他两位科学家准备一起发表一篇论文，在文章中他们不仅提出某一族群人比另一族群人更加聪明的观点，而且还解释了引起这种结果的过程。
（三）主语为a portion of（一份）， a kind of， a series of等短语
该情况中谓语动词根据形式一致原理用单数形式，但如果主语为portions of， many kinds of时，谓语动词相应采用复数形式。
例句： Next year， after a series of mergers is completed， just four railroads will control well over 90 percent of all the freights moved by major rail carriers.
（选自Text 3）
分析： 该句是复合句， moved by major rail carriers在主句中作定语修饰all the freights.
译文： 明年，在一系列的合并完成以后，这四家铁路公司将占主要铁路公司货运总量的90%以上。
（四）there be句型
be的单复数根据就近原则，主谓一致。。
例句： There are thirteen or more of them， and if any is missing a deficiency disease becomes apparent. （选自19Cloze Test）
分析： 该句是由and连接的并列句，其中and后是一个复合句。
译文： 至少有13种维生素，若缺其中一种，维生素缺乏症疾病便明显可见。
例句： There are a number of best?selling downshifting self?help books for people who want to simplify their lives； there are newsletters， such as The Tightwad Gazette， that give hundreds of thousands of Americans useful tips on anything from recycling their cling?film to making their own soap； there are even support groups for those who want to achieve the mid?90s? equivalent of dropping out. （选自Text 5）
分析： 本句由三个分句构成，在第一个分句中，定语从句who want to simplify their lives 修饰people；在第二个分句中，定语从句that give hundreds of thousands of……修饰newsletters，其中介词短语from recycling their cling?film to……修饰anything；在第三个分句中，定语从句who want to……修饰先行词those.
译文： 对那些想要简朴生活的人，有许多畅销的关于“顺其自然”生活方式的自助书；还有像“守财奴报”之类的通讯，给数十万美国人提供包罗万象而且实用的指导，从胶卷的再利用到自己制造肥皂；甚至还有支持小组，帮助有些人实现90年代中期逃避社会现实的理想。
以上四种句型考生们应该结合考研英语真题，通过阅读理解、英汉互译反复练习直到掌握。英语语法学习虽然枯燥，但是只要你肯下功夫复习，肯定会让你的英语整体水平有质的飞跃。
篇6：高中英语主谓一致练习和语法记忆口诀
高中英语：语法学习记忆口诀
仔细惦量这两种方法，其实都强调了同一个极其重要的东西，即是“记忆”。记忆的方式、方法很多，诸如分类记忆法，直观形象记忆法、奇持联想记忆法，特征记忆法等等。这里，笔者主要从词法与句法两大块对巧记英语语法作些阐述。
一、词法
(一)巧记名词变复数的规则：
单数变为复数式，一般词尾加-s;
下列句词词尾后，要加-s先加-e。
发音[f] 、[ t ]、[s]和[z]，或是某些辅音加-o时。
有些名词变复数，词尾变化要注意。
y前字母是辅音，一律变y为-ies.
遇到f和fe，有时需要变-ves.
少数名词不规则，特殊情况要强记。
说明：
1.名词变复数形式，一般在词尾加-s.
eg: bag-bags banana-bananas bird-birds pen-pens，…
2.词尾发音为[f ， t s， z]的名词(即以字母sh， ch， s， x结尾者)在变复数时，要在词尾加-es，eg: watch-watches， box-boxes， bus-buses，etc
3.若词尾字母o的前面是辅音字母，变为复数时，有些加-es，eg: hero-heroes， Negro-Negroes， patato-patatoes， tomato-tomatoes.这四个词可组成一句话来记忆：Heroes and Negroes eat potatoes and tomatoes(英雄和黑人吃马铃薯和西红柿。简为二人吃二菜。)
但有些以o结尾的名词则加-s，eg: photo – photoes， piano –pianos等。
4.若词尾字母y前加的是辅音字母时，变为复数，首先把y变为i，再加-es， eg: family – families， city- cities， baby – babies等，但若词尾y前为元音字母时，则可直接加-s， eg: day-days， boy-boys等。
5.以f和fe结尾的名词变复数时，首先将f和fe变为v， 再加-es，我们也可用一句话来记，“狼(wolf)和小偷(thief)的妻子(wife)用小刀(knife)威胁书架(shelf)上的半片(half)叶子(leaf)的生命(life)。另外记住一些常见特殊词，eg: roof—roofs.
6. 有些名词的复数变化是不规则的，eg: man-men， woman-women， child-children， chinese- chinese， sheep-sheep等，平时多留心，稍微加以归纳，是不难发现其的特征的。
(二)定冠词
冠词是NMET试题中出现较频繁的词性，近五年复出率高达83.3%。因而掌握冠词，尤其是定冠词的用法也尤其必要。
请看下面的顺口溜，它可以帮助我们记忆定冠词的一些用法：
特指、重提和唯一，岛屿，海峡和海湾;
海洋，党派最高级，沙漠，河流与群山;
方位、顺序和乐器，年代，团体与机关;
船名，建筑和组织，会议，条约与报刊;
姓氏复数，国全名，请你记住用定冠。
下面让我们再来“验证”这顺口溜吧。请仔细观察下面各句中定冠词的用法，不难发现它的“功效”与“真伪”了。
1. The girl in red has just come back from Australia.
2. Mr. Li will give us a talk. The talk will begin at 8:00
3. The sun gives us heat and light.
4. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of all.
5. The Communist Party of China was founded in 1921.
6. Do you know when the Great Wall came into being?
7. She’s on the People’s Daily.
8. The Einsteins could not pay for the advanced education that young Albert needed.
9. Who was the first to come?
10. I heard somebody playing the piano in the next room.
11. Great Changes have taken place in the 1990’s
12. In 1864， Lincoln was elected President of the United States for the second time.
(三)非谓语动词
非谓语动词包括动词不定式，动词的过去分词和动词的-ing形式三种。这是高考中的热点，其考查量多、面广，几乎是必考的一个知识点。近六年高考复现率达百分之百。纵观试题，其考查重点为动词非谓语形式的作用及功能相同的非谓语动词之间的区别。学生对此知识也“知之半解”，深感头疼。请看下面的方法，将有助于记住不定式及动名词。
1、动词的不定式
①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。
②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。
③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。
④not 加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。
⑤疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。
⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。
解析：①“to+动词原形”是它的基本构成形式，即不定式的标记。
②它没有人称和数的变化，不管主语是任何人称，单数还是复数，动词不定式都没有变化。但它仍保留动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语。
③它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点，所以，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补。
④“not +动词不定式”是它的否定形式，不要受其他否定式的影响，要记住规律。
⑤疑问代词what， who， whom， which和疑问副词where， when， why ， how加上不定式在句中可以做主语，宾语、表语、状语。
⑥通过以上分析，只要仔细研究，把不定式的功能用法搞清楚，在应用时就能作出准确的判断。
2、动名词：
哪些动词后面只能接动名词，下面的顺口溜有助于记忆。
喜欢、考虑不可免(enjoy， consider， escape， avoid)
停止，放弃太冒险(stop， give up ， risk)
反对想象莫推延(mine， imagine， delay， put off)
要求完成是期望(require， finish， look forward to.)
建议继续勤*练(suggest， go on， practise)
不禁原谅要坚持(can’t help， excuse ， insist on)
继续注意使成功(keep on， mind， succeed in)
(四)多个形容词并开修饰一个名词的问题
有两三个形容词修饰一个名词时，与被修饰名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词。若有多个形容词修饰，可用下面这句话来判断、排列它们的顺序：县官行令杀国材。
其意思是：县(限)代表限定词，包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词，所有格，数字等。
官(观)代表表示观点的描绘性形容词，eg: fine beautiful interesting等。
行(形)代表表示大小、长短、高低及形状的形容词：eg: small tall， high， little， round等。
令代表表示年龄、新旧的形容词：eg: old， young等。
杀色(近似音)代表表示颜色的形容词：eg: white， black等。
国代表国籍、地区、出处的形容词：eg: Englsih， American， moun tain等。
材代表形成中心名词的材料的形容词，eg: wooden， silk， plastic， stone等。
请看下面的例子： a fine old stone bridge;
two big round new Chinese wooden tables;
his large new black foreign car.
(五)序数词中的特殊词：
记忆序数词中的特殊词时，可用顺口溜来记：
八去t，九减e， f来把ve替，若是遇上几十几，ie就把y来替。
即：eighth， ninth， fifth， twelfth， twentieth， thirtieth…
(六)一些动词
1. lie 的变化
记忆lie 的变化时，可用顺口溜来帮助记忆：
规则的说谎，不规则的躺，躺过就下蛋，下蛋不规则。
即：lie—lied—lied—lying(说谎)
lie—lay—lain—lying(躺，位于)
lay—laid—laid—laying(产卵，下蛋)
2.感官动词和使役动词：
记忆此项动词，可归纳于“五三二一”，即：
“五看”—see， watch， notice， observe， look at;
“二使”—let， make， have;
“三听”—hear， listen to;
“一觉”—feel.
3.“否定转移”的5个常用词：
我认为(think)猜想(suppose)与想象(imagine)都不可相信(believe)，我期待(expect)等着你的回答。eg: I don’t think he’ll come tomorrow.
4.“同源宾语”的七个常用词
微笔(smile)着生话(live)歌唱(sing)着战斗(fight)死(die)也像睡觉(sleep)做梦(dream)一样甜蜜。
eg: Now we’re living a happy life and often dream good dreams.
5.巧记常用于“主语没有生命胜似有”之类句子谓语的七个动词：
如果看见(see)或发现(discover) Turn(音译：特恩)，一定要找到(find)他，并带(bring)他到这儿给(give)大伙展示(show)一下。
eg: Tomorrow’ll see the opening of the meeting.
Dusk found a little boy crying in the street.
高二英语主谓一致语法练习题
1.The old ____well looked after by the government in China.
A. is B. are C. has been D. was
2.The secretary and manager ____very busy now.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
3.Both the secretary and the manager _____agreed to attend the meeting.
A. has B. have C. are D. was
4.Tom as well as two of his classmates _____invited to the party.
A. was B. were C. have been D. had been
5.Either you or I _____going to the teachers‘ office after class.
A. am B. is C. are D. will
6.Most of his spare time ____spent in reading.
A. are B. were C. was D. have been
7.This is one of the best novels that ____appeared this year.
A.have been B. has C. had been D. have
8.Ten thousand dollars _____quite a large sum.
A. are B. is C. were D. have
9.About 20 percent of the work ____done yesterday.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
10.Mr Smith， together with his children， ____arrived.
A.are B. has C. is D. have
11.It ____I who _____leaving for London.
A.is…is B. am…is C. is…am D. am…am
12.Not only Tom but also his wife ____fond of watching television.
A. are B. were C. be D. is
13.When and where to build the new factory ____yet.
A. is not decided B. are not decided
C. has not decided D. have not decided
14.Although the first part of the book is easy， the rest ______.
A. are difficult
B. has proved difficult
C. is supposed difficult
D. have been found difficult
15.That they were wrong in these matters _____ now clear to us all.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
16.Half of his goods ____ stolen the other day.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
17.Mathematics ____the language of science.
A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be
18.Each of the students _____ a Chinese-English dictionary.
A. have B. has C. there is D. there are
19.They each ____ a beautiful handkerchief.
A. have B. has C. there is D. there are
20.Between the two rows of trees _____the teaching building.
A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are
21.This pair of shoes ____made in Nanjing.
A.is B. are C. have been D. had been
22.No one except my parents _____anything about it.
A.know B. knows
C. is knowing D. have known
23.A number of students _____from the south.
A. are B. is C. have D. has
24.The number of students from the north ____small.
A. are B. is C. have D. has
25.Writing stories and articles _____what I enjoy most，
A.is B. are C. was D. were
26.His“Selected Poems” _____first published in 1965.
A. were B. was C. has been D. are
27.Miss Smith is a friend of ______.
A. Mary‘s mother’s B. Mary‘s mother
C. Mother’s of Mary D. Mary mother‘s
28.A good deal of money ____spent on books.
A.have B. has
C.have been D. has been
29.On the wall _____ two large portraits.
A.hangs B. hang C. hanged D.hanging
30. _____turn green in spring.
A. Leaf B. Leafs C. Leave D. Leaves
31.Father went to his doctor for ____about his heart trouble.
A.an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices
32.All but one ____here just now.
A.is B. was C. has been D. were
33. The number of people invited _____fifty， but a number of them _____absent for different reasons.
A. were;was B. was; was
C. was;were D. were; were
34.The air in big cities _____very dirty by factories.
A. are often made B. is often made
C. have often made D. has often made
35.Nobody ____to smoke in the cinema.
A. allows B. allow C. is allowed D. are allowed
36.The Chinese people _____hard-working and brave.
A. are B. is C. has been D. are being
37.____can be done _____been done.
A. All; have B. All that; have
C. All; has D. All that; has
38.John has two brothers， but either ____out of work now.
A. are B. is C. has D. have
39.The police ____the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.
A. is searching for B. were searching for
C. are searching for D. were searching
40.Apples of this kind ____.
A. tastes good B. tastes well
C. taste good D. taste well
41.Your trousers ____dirty， you must have _____washed.
A. is; it B. are; it C. are; them D. is; them
42.Where ____rubbish， there are flies.
A. there are B. there is C. is D. there has
43.The Olympic Games ____held every ____years.
A. is; four B. are; four C. is; five D. are; five
44.Many a man _____ come to help us.
A. have B. has C. is D. are
45.He is the only one of the students who _____elected.
A. are B. have C. has D. is
46.Three-fourths of the homework _____today.
A. has finished B. has been finished
C. have finished D. have been finished
47.Those who ____ in ____compositions， please hand them in this afternoon.
A. hasn‘t handed; his B. haven’t handed; their
C.has handed; their D. have handed; his
48.Jane is one of the best students in her class who _____by their teacher.
A. are praised B. is praised C. praised D. praising
49.The whole class _____the teacher attentively.
A. are listening to B. is listening to
C. are listening D. is listening
50.The United States of America _____one of the most developed countries in the world.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
高二主谓一致练习题-英语(答案)
1-5 BABAA 6-10 CDBDB 11-15 CDABA
16-20 BCBAB 21-25 ABABA 26-30 BADBD
31-35 BDCBC 36-40 ADBBC 41-45 CBBBD
46-50 BBAAA
