高考英语第二轮热点复习

“红叶”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了13篇高考英语第二轮热点复习--动词的时态和语态 教案教学设计(新课标版英语高考复习)，下面小编给大家整理后的高考英语第二轮热点复习--动词的时态和语态 教案教学设计(新课标版英语高考复习)，供大家阅读参考。

篇1：高考英语第二轮热点复习--动词的时态和语态 教案教学设计(新课标版英语高考复习)

内容解读

1．高考考查的八种动词时态是：①一般现在时；②一般过去时；③一般将来时；④现在进行时；⑤过去进行时；⑥现在完成时；⑦过去完成时；⑧过去将来时。

2．容易混淆的三组动词时态是：①一般过去时和现在完成时；②一般过去时和过去完成时；③过去完成时与现在完成时。

3．各种时态及含情态动词的被动形式和应用。

能力解读

1．了解动词时态的时、体概念；

2．了解常考八种时态的基本用法并能够在真实的情景中恰当使用八种时态进行交际；

3．能够区别容易混淆的时态的用法；

4．掌握各种时态及含情态动词的被动语态的形式和应用；

①分清动词的词性，熟悉并掌握常见的不及物动词happen, take place, occur, exist 等，它们不能用被动语态；

② 分清主语与谓语之间的关系；

③ 变被动语态的动词一般为及物动词，但有些不及物动词与介词所形成的短语动词也可有被动形式，此时，变被动语态后介词不能丢；

④ 熟悉并掌握主动形式表被动意义的情况。

规律方法

1．试题的立意由简单直接的“结构立意”（如状语从句、宾语从句等）转向了“情景立意”。试题创设的语境明确，交际情景（对话形式占有一定比例）多是发生在学生学习或日常生活中的真实情况。这样的情景设置实质上是对语法知识、语义理解和语言交际能力的综合考查，体现了高考试题由“知识立意”向“能力立意”转变人命题原则。

2．题干中的有效信息由“外显的”转向“隐藏的”。

3．试题的设问多以中学生普遍感到难以把握的几组时态来相互干扰。

命题趋势

毫无疑问，对于动词时态的考查仍交进高考的测试重点。试题将继续呈现“情景立意”和“能力立意”的原则，即在考查固定句式中的时态和语态的同时，注重在上下文中考查时态和语态，注重在语境中考查时态和语态。

突破方法

1．学习动词的时态和语态时，切不可脱离实际运用的语言，一味死记硬背语法规则的条条框框。了解了八种时态的一些常见规则之后，要留心以英语为母语者在实际生活中是如何使用各种时态的语态的。其实，教材中每单元第一课的情景对话，是领司时态用法真谛的最佳语言材料。

2．答题时，研读题干，搜索出尽可能多的“时间参照信息”，尤其是动词冗余信息中的时间信息。如第10题目中的haven’t said, Do, I’m, sooner, think, it’s 等，这些表达中都含有时间信息，发现和有效利用这些信息是解决问题的关键。

3．解决时态和语态问题，要遵循如下解题思路：

① 这个动作可能发生在什么时间？题干句中可参照的时间信息有哪些？

② 这个动作处于什么状态，是进行中，还是已结束（完成）？限制或修饰这个动作的状语信息有哪些？

（第4题中的rapidly 是个很关键的信息词）

③ 这个动作与主语的关系，是主动还是被动？

只要全面细致地考虑了这些问题的答案，试题的正确答案也就水落石出了。

知识清单

清单一 动词的时态

一、时态的概念

时态是一种动词形式，它是“时”和“体”的组合。“时”有现在、过去、将来、过去将来之分；“体”有一般、进行、完成、完成进行之别。动词的动作可发生于四种不同的时间，表现四种不同的“体”，每一种“时+体”就构成一种时态。所以英语动词共有（4×4）十六种时态，高中英语教学大纳中要求掌握的只有八种：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时，过去将来时。另外现在完成进行时，过去完成进行时和将来完成时也比较常用。

二、一般体、进行体、完成体的含义

一向指某动作既不正在进行又不确定完成与否的一种广泛意义上的方式。进行指一种持续性的、未完成的动作。动词的进行时还伴有其他一些意义，如：有限度的延续性、感情色彩、同时性、描述的生动性、强调性等。完成则表示动作发生在某个时间以前，但动作发生的时间总是未经明确指出的。通过例句体会它们的含义差别：

The teacher writes his own notes. （现在习续性动作）

The teacher is writing his notes now. （暂时的还在进行的动作）

The teacher has already written his notes. （现在已经完成的动作）

Xiao Wang comes late often. （现在经常性的动作）

Xiao Wang is always coming late. （带有不满的色彩）

I read a book yesterday evening. （在过去时间的动作）

I was reading a book yesterday evening. （过去时间未完成的持续动作）

I have read the book. （现在已经读完那本书了）

She is always finding fault with others. 她总是挑剔别人的毛病。

He is constantly leaving things about. 他总是丢三拉四。

I am hoping you can come and have supper with us. 我正希望您能来和我们一起吃晚饭。（比如I hope…语气更委婉）

She has been saying that twenty times. 这话她已经说了20遍。

三、一般过去时和现在完成时的用法区别

1．一般过去时所表示的一个或一段过去时间是可以具体确定的，与其他时间没有牵连。它所表示的事情纯属过去与现在情况没有联系。现在完成时表示的事情发生在不能具体指出的现在以前的过去产某个或某段时间。它所表示的事情与现在情况有关系，是过去事情在现在产生的结果或对现在的影响。

2．一般过去时常用的状语有yesterday, last night, two days (months, weeks) ago, at that time 等；现在完成时常用的状语有already, just (刚刚), yet, never, before 等；表示从过去延续到现在并包括现在在内的一段时间状语有：today, now, lately, recently, in the last / past few days / years (在过去的这几天/年里)。since then, up to now, so far (至今)等。

3．比较下面几组句子，体会两种时态的不同：

He served in the army from 1952 to 1954. （这是过去的一件事）

He has served in the army for 5 years. （现在他仍在军中服役，他是个军人）

He wrote many plays when he was at college.

他上大学的时候，写了许多剧本。（写剧本是他过去的事）

He has written many plays.

他写了许多部剧本。（这意味着他是剧作家）

I saw Hero last year.

去年我看了《英雄》这部电影。（看《英雄》的时间是去年，与现在时间无关）

I have seen Hero before.

我以前看过《英雄》这部电影。（强调现在还知道这部电影的内容。以前看过，但“以前”是表示一个与现在有联系的过去时间，而不是一个确定的与现在无关的过去时间。）

四、一般过去时和过去完成时的用法区别

1．一般过去时是对现在说话时刻而言的，过去完成时则是对过去某一时刻而言。两种时态建立的时间参照点不同，对过去完成时来说，这一个时间参照点十分重要，它是过去完成概念赖以建立的基础，也是和一般过去时相区别的重要标准。

2．过去完成时的时间状语常用by 和before 引导的短语表示，如by that time, by the end of…, before , by the time +句子等。

五、过去完成时与现在完成时的用法区别

1．两种时态都常与一段时间和状语连用，但现在完成时表示的是延续到现在或同现在有关的动作（句中不可有表示过去特定时间的状语），而过去完成时表示的是在过去某时之前已经完成或延续到过去某时的劝作（句中有表示过去特定时间的状语）。

2．比较下面的说法

She had been ill for a week before she came back.

她在回来之前就生病一个星期了。（回来发生在过去某一时间，发病发生在过去的过去）

She has been ill for a week.

她生病一个星期了。（现在仍在生病）

篇2：动词的时态语态 (人教版高考复习英语下册教学论文)

动词的时态语态

1.时态

时态 用法 例示

一般现在时 现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态，常与usually, always, seldom, often, frequently, every day 等时间状语连用 We always care for each other and help each other.

He sometimes stay up till midnight to catch up with others.

主语现在的特征，性格和状态 She is always ready to help others.

-do you sing? –a little

客观规律，正确事实或科学真理，格言以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在 All the living things on the earth depend on the sun.

Our teacher told us the earth goes round the sun.

在由连词if, unless, before, as soon as, when, once, however等引起的时间（条件，让步）状语从句，需用一般现在时表将来。 Even if it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place.

However much advice you give him, he will do exactly what he wants.

安排，或计划要做的动作（有时间状语）限于begin, come, leave, go, arrive, open, start, stop, close, return 等一类动词。 The plane takes off at 5:00 a.m.

一般过去时 表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常与yesterday, in , two years ago ,last month, the day before yesterday, the other day 等表示过去的时间状语连用。 The Great Wall came into being in 221BC.

过去一段时间内经常或反复发生的行为，常与every day, often, sometimes等时间状语连用，used to , would常用来表示过去经常或反复发生的行为。Would 不接表示认识或状态的词，但used to 不受限制。 When I was in the factory, I often worked in the workshop.

We used to get up at five every morning when were at school.

We would ask him for advice when we had trouble with our English.

He used to like football when I was at middle school.

过去发生的一系列动作 The professor put one finger in his mouth, tasted it, and smiled with satisfaction.

在时间，条件，方式让步状语从句中用一般过去时表过去将来时。

He said he would let us know if he got any news.

He promised that he would buy some copies for us when he went there.

I didn’t know you bought the present for me.

语境中的过去时，往往表示“刚刚，刚才，”之意，暗示现在已“不再这样”

一般将来时 Shall/will +动词原形1 单纯表将来2 不用于条件句中3 表必然的将来4 表意愿，决心 He will be thirty years old next year.

If you will wait here, the manage will be back 10 mins later.

Be going to 1计划打算干2, 客观迹象预示 Look at the clouds, there is going to be a storm.

If you are going to do it, you had better do it well.

Be on the point of /be about to 不与时间状语连用，但可和when 从句连用

Be to 1 预定要做 2 表示命令，禁止应该3 注定 We are to finish the work before five this year.

No one is to leave the cinema without the police’s police’s permission

瞬间动词的现在进行时表将来。 Go start, set out, leave , reach, arrive, return, come, move, take off They are moving Nanjing for Guangzhou on Sunday.

祈使句/短语+and/or +主语+will

Work hard and you’ll succeed

A bit more effort, and you will succeed.

将来完成时 表示在将来的一个特定时刻将成为过去的动作或该时刻刚刚结束的动作 I shall have finished this one before lunch.

I hope we'll have got the instructions (说明书) ready before you come tomorrow.

过去将来时 Was/were going to

Was/were to

Was about to

Was/were + 现在分词

Was/were on the point of

现在进行时 表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作 Look! The boy is dozing off.

表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。（说话时动作不一定正在进行） How are you getting along with your English these days.

表示说话人对主语的行为表赞叹或厌恶。（常与always, constantly, continually 等副词连用） The children are always making trouble.

She is always asking the same question.

瞬间动词表将来

过去进行时 表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间，除有上下文暗示外，一般和时间状语连用。

表示说话人对主语的行为表赞叹或厌恶。（常与always, constantly, continually 等副词连用）

瞬间动词表将来

描写故事的背景 It was winter. The north wind has blowing hard and a heavy snow was falling. A poor little girl was walking in the street.

用在复合句中

He was reading while his wife was cooking.

While he was driving, he was thinking about the matter.

不与时间状语连用，表示逐渐的发展 It was getting darker.

现在完成时 对现在的影响或动作与状态的持续

常与有介词for, during, in within, over 引导的时间状语连用 We have discussed the topic (for) the last 3 weeks.

I haven’t seen him in the recent years.

表示反复或习惯性的动作，常与

several times, once, twice, 等频度副词

连用 I have watched him several times.

He has been to London twice.

用在时间，条件状语从句中，表示从句动作先于主句动作之前已完成。 I will give my opinion after I have read through the book.

We will set out at once if the rain has stopped

现在完成进行时 表示从过去某一时刻开始的动作一直延续到现在，甚至将来。（强调进行的过程） He is ill. he has been lying in bed for three weeks.

She is very tired. she has been typing letters all day.

一直到现在为止的一段时间内一再反复进行的动作 All these years they have been contributing articles to our magazine.

过去完成时 表示过去的过去；一直延续到过去某一点的动作或状态。 I received a letter from a friend yesterday. We had not heard from each other since 1990

表示原本打算实现而未实现的希望或计划。常用此结构德动词有hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, intend 等 We had hoped to catch the 9:30 train, but we failed to.

They had expected to get what they needed, but there was nothing there.

用于no sooner… than; hardly… when的句型中 I had no sooner returned than he called.

时态 比较 过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。一般过去时表示动作的完成 Mary wrote a letter to her friend last night.

Mary was writing a letter to her friend last night.

现在完成时强调结果或动作已完成

现在完成进行时强调动作在继续 We have discussed the question with him.

We have been discussing the question with him all evening.

固定句型 By the end of By the end of last term, we had learned 2000 words.

By the end of this term, we will have learned…

It is the first time

It was the first time

It is high time that It is the first time that you have visited our school.

It was the first time that you had visited…

It is high time that you came here.

2． 语态

主动表被动 及物动词作不及物用＋副词 （hardly, easily, badly, nicely, well, smoothly）等时。常用动词有act, add, bend, close, lock, cut, begin, move, open, read, sell, teach, translate, wash, wear, write 等，主语往往是物而不是人。 The pen write well.

Wood burns easily.

The car drives smoothly.

The case locks easily.

形容词 ＋不定式结构中，不定式与句子主语有动宾关系时。

要注意如果句中的主语是不定式的逻辑主语时用主动语态，否则用被动。 The picture is pleasant to look at.

I found his theory hard to understand.

I found my theory hard to be understood.

介词短语 in sight, on show, on sale, under construction作表语或定语表被动。 The new railway under construction will be completed soon.

Be worth, be missing , in need of , remaining, want/need/require be to blame be to let The teaching method is in need of improving.

There is no remaining money here.

The house is to let

连系动词：表感觉的 appear, feel, prove, taste ,表变化的 become, come fall, grow, turn,表依旧的continue, lie, remain, stay, stand Einstein’s theory proved to be correct.

某些动词以物做主语，进行时表被动eg. Print, cook, fry, hang, build, make The dinner is cooking.

The book is printing.

The house is building.

被动表主动 Burn, devote, dress, hide, seat, love, wear, tire+oneself +介词＝be+ed +介词 He seats himself on the bench.

Affect, amuse, astonish, delight, disappoint, discourage, encourage, excite, frighten, inspire, move, strike, touch, upset, worry等用于 sb+be+ed sth+be + ing 作定语ed+sb ing+sth He was too frightened to move.

不用被动语态 Come about, occur, break out, belong to, happen, succeed, fail, add up to, take place, come into being, cost, set sail for, take part in, give out, come true, lose heart, play a part in

双重被动式 常用的动词有wish, expect, advise, mean, believe, suppose, order, allow The book is believed to have been translated into French.

The sports meet was never expected to be put off.

Get, become, go ,come ,feel, grow, seem, look 可以作为系动词在口语中使用 I grew excited and a little frightened.

He seemed satisfied with my offer

Five soldiers got wounded in the battle.

高考对于进行体的常考点

1． 一个长动作作为背景，被一个短动作打断，长动作往往用进行体，短动作用一般体。

Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking.

As he was reading the newspaper, granny fell asleep.

2. 表示动作的未完性，暂时性。

I don’t really work here. I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.

Selecting a mobile phone for a personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly.

3. 表示现在或当时发展中或正在进行的情况。

I don’t think Jim saw me; he was just staring into space.

I first met Lisa 3 years ago. She was working at a radio shop at that time.

篇3：review book3 module4 and book4 module3 教案教学设计(新课标版英语高考复习)

一轮复习教案

Teaching objectives:

By reviewing 2 passages about great people, students know from what aspects they write a great person and master the words, phrases and sentences which are used to describe great people. What's more, they can use the related description to write a great person from Zibo. Meanwhile, they are encouraged to learn something from him.

I. Lead-in

Show 3 pictures of great people from Zibo to inspire them to describe them in English.

II. Analysis

According to the two passages, analyse “From what aspects can we write a passage about a great person？”

III. 基础夯实

Words

1.重要;重要性 n. _______________ 2.有影响的 __________________

3.强调 ______________ 4.人物 _____________________

5.发明 vt. _____________ n. _____________ 发明家 _____________

6.农业 n. ________________ adj. _________________

7.产量 _______________________ 8. leading _________________

9. quantity__________________10.quality ___________________

Phrases

1. 由于...的结果 ______________ 2. 因...而出名_______________

3. 谋生______________________ 4. 做贡献___________________

5. 取得重大突破_______________ 6. bring up___________________

(默写到学案以检测早读的复习成果，巩固两个模块的单词及短语。)

Sentences

1. In the rice-growing world, the Chinese scientist, Yuan Longping, is a leading figure.

仿写：在音乐界，中国的音乐家朗朗是一位领军人物。

_____________________________________________________________

2. As a result of Yuan Longping's discoveries, Chinese rice production rose by 47.5 percent in the 1990's.

仿写：由于居里夫人(Madame Curie)的发现，我们在医学上取得巨大进步。

_____________________________________________________________

3. For many years, he travelled from state to state, teaching the principles of Confucius.

仿写：很多年来，他周游各国，体验丰富多彩的文化。

____________________________________________________________

（简单的句式仿写，让学生体会到一切源于课本，灵活利用课文可以表达我们自己所想。）

IV. 素材积累

1. Use the expressions in the two passages to translate the sentences.

(1) 爱迪生（Thomas Edison）是一位有影响的发明家，被称为“发明大王”。

___________________________________________________________

(2) 1847年他出生于俄亥俄州（Ohio）的一个普通家庭。（come from）

___________________________________________________________

(3) 自幼对读书有兴趣，并喜欢问他不明白的任何问题。(be interested in)

___________________________________________________________

(4) 多次试验之后，对电灯的研究取得了突破。1879年，第一盏电灯面世了。 (breakthrough)

___________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________

(5) 爱迪生有两千多项发明， 为社会的发展做出了巨大贡献。(with...)

__________________________________________________________

(本部分分两步进行。第一：翻译句子，通过这部分练习，学生重读文章，找到相关的表达，并尝试加以利用，达到学以致用的目的。第二：连句成篇，体会一下怎样写伟人。)

Read the following passage and finish the following exercises.

Walt Whitman, one of America's greatest writers, helped people learn to value poetry. He created a new kind of poetry. Walt Whitman was born in 1819 in New York City. During his long life, he watched America grow from a young nation to the strongest industrial power in the world. Whitman was influenced by events around him. But his poetry speaks of the inner self. He celebrated great people like President Abraham Lincoln. He also celebrated common people.

As a young man, Whitman worked as a school teacher, a printer and a newspaper reporter. He was thirty-six years old when he published his first book of poetry called ”Leaves of Grass.“ It had only twelve poems. The poems are written in free verse. The lines do not follow any set form. One of America's greatest thinkers and writers immediately recognized the importance of ”Leaves of Grass.“ But most other poets and writers said nothing or denounced it. Most readers also rejected Whitman's poems. The new form of his poetry surprised many people. However experts today praise ”Leaves of Grass“ as a major literary work.

After the Civil War, Whitman worked for government agencies. He believed democracy(民主) is meant to respect the rights of every person and the equality of all people. Whitman's poems express his love for America and its people in many ways.

Whitman was poor and weak during the last years of his life. He died in 1892.

What's Whitman's achievement?

___________________________________________________________

What do experts today think of ” Leaves of Grass"?

___________________________________________________________

（本部分分两步进行。 第一：阅读文章并回答问题，提高学生的阅读能力。第二：重读文章，找一下与伟人相关的表达，进一步扩充与伟人相关的表达，积累作文素材。）

V. 能力提升

请从下列人物中选择你最喜欢的一位，用英语写一篇80字左右的短文，根据信息可适当发挥，且需包括以下两部分内容：

对该人物介绍。2. 从该人物身上学到什么。

蒲松龄（1640 - 1715） 李振声

清朝伟大作家；

穷困一生，教私塾(private school)谋生；

科举失败；

《聊斋志异》赞誉为中外有影响力文学作品，表现现实，表达憎恶和理想。 科学家；

1951年毕业于山农大；

间多次试验，育成杂交小麦，抗病能力强，产量高；

中国解决吃饭问题取得进步；

向世界表明“中国人能养活自己”。

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

篇4：新课标模块1-2 各单元知识点(新课标版高考复习英语必修二教案教学设计)

Module 1 Unit 1 Friendship

1.add up (把两个或以上的数或量）加起来 add up to 共计（指加起来总和是）

add … to 把…… 加到……中 add to=increase 增加，增添

2. without + n./ v-ing There is no smoke without fire.

He went out without speaking He slipped into the room without being notice.

by + doing 借助于， 靠

3. upset adj.心烦意乱，不舒服的，不适的 disturbed /sick

vt.vi 使不安，使心烦，打乱，打翻 (upset-upset- upsetting)

nervous (rather afraid) :在事情发展过程中有一种害怕的感觉 à 紧张

anxious(worried): 由于害怕某种事情会发生而感到焦急

upset(rather unhappy):由于某事的发生而感到心烦意乱

4. ignore vt. 不理睬，忽视，对……装作不知＋sb/sth

5. calm down vt. Vi.平静下来，使平静

6. concern vt 涉及n. 关心，关注，（利害）关系

be concerned about/for 关心，挂念

7. reason 理由,动机（explain why it happens or what causes it happen）决定做某事或

采取某一行动的理由，由此而得出结论或解释, 具有主观性。(conclusion) + for

cause 原因 (引起某事的后果或起因,usually a bad event ) 具有客观性 (effect ) + of

8. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.

=While you were walking the dog……

当When, while, before, after, once, if, unless, even if等引导的状语从句的主语与句子的主语一致时，可将从句的主语和be动词省去.

While living in England, he picked up some English.

While asked about her family, she began to cry.

9. share vt.分享，分担 share…in sth (with sb.) share (in) sth among / between sb.

10.…, like your deepest feelings (feeling) and thoughts. like= such as

a feeling of… have a feeling that… .

show much feeling for…(对…的感情，同情，体谅 u.n.)

11.go through vt. ①experience ,经历，遭受 ②look at carefully,

③finish sth. or complete sth., use up ④ 穿过，通过

12. hide ( hides -- hiding --- hid --- hidden)

hide away + 地点状语 hide away + 宾语 躲藏，隐藏

hide +宾语 + away

13. set down= write down = put down

14. a series of = a set of一连串的，一系列，一套

Two series of new stamps have come out.

15. crazy adj. be/grow crazy about/of sth.

be crazy to do sth.

16. stay awake (remain / keep)

17. on purpose 故意

for (the) purpose of 为的是; 为了....起见; 为了...的目的

with the purpose of 以(有)......的目的.

18. in order to + do 为了…起见；以便 in order that + 从句

In order to catch the early bus, she got up early.

She got up early so as to/ in order to catch the early bus.

in order not to so as not to

19. dare 情态mod.v dare do(多用于否定句，疑问句，条件状语从句)

dared do （过去时）

dare not do = daren’t do

eg. I daren’t speak to him. No one dared ask him.

实义vt. dare(s) (to) do

don’t/ doesn’t/ didn’t dare( to) do

eg. he will dare any danger. He didn’t dare( to )go.

20. happen to do sth. 碰巧做…..

21.It is /was the first time(second time…) that … have/had done（时态用完成时）

某人第几次干某事

22. face to face adv. face-to-face adj.

23. put away把…关起来，收拾，把…放在一边

24. according to + n./代词

25. outdoors --- indoors adv. n. outdoor---- indoor adj.

26. get along (well) with sb. = get on with 与…相处，进展

27. fall in love with (表示动作)

be in love with (表示状态)

28. have got to = have to

29. habit习惯 have / be in the habit of 有…..的习惯

get into / form the habit of 养成…..的习惯

30. Your friend can’t go until he/she finishes claening the bicycle.

a…..not….until….

b. It is not until he/she finishes claening the bicycle that your friend can go.

c. Not until he/she finishes claening the bicycle can your friend go.

31.There is /was a time when….. 有段时间怎么了….

Module 1 Unit 2 English around the world

1. more than

①more than +数词= over …. 以上, 超过，多于， ….有余

By then he was more than fifty years old.

②more than + 名词 不只，不仅仅，超过，远不止 (not only)

Helen and Mary are more than classmates. They are close friends.

③more than + 动词 十分， 大大地， 远远地，极大地 (much)

He more than smiled; he laughed outright.

What he did more than satisfied me.

④more than + adj./adv. 非常，十分， 更加， 深为 (very)

I’m more than happy to hear that. He is more than selfish.

When I asked them for help, they were more than glad to come.

⑤more than one 名词单数，后面的谓语动词用单数 “不止一个，不只一个”

More than one person has known it.

no more than 只是,仅仅，只不过 not more than 至多，最多，不超过

2. in (some important )…way(s) / by…means 在……方面

3.one another = each other 彼此，相互之间

4. include including sth. sth included contain

1）用作及物动词，意为“ 包括；包含”，不能用于进行时态。

2）include 还可作“ 包含于…里面；算入”讲，常与in, on, among 介词等连用。

5.play a role / part ( in ) 意为“ 在……中担任角色；在……中起作用”。

take (on) /perform a role 扮演角色 a leading/starting role 主角

6. Because of +sth. / v-ing / what ( n. clause)

Because + 句子

7. nearly 与 almost

（1）两者通用的场合。a.在肯定句中。 b.修饰all, every, always 等时。

c.在行为动词的否定式前时。

（2）只用 almost 的场合。

a.和any, no, none, nothing, nobody, nowhere, never 等连用时。

b.和too, more than 等连用时。 c.和表示感觉或心理活动的静态动词连用时。

（3）只用nearly的场合。 a.被 very, not, pretty等修饰时。

b.和具体数字连用时（nearly常用）。

8. than ever before 比以往任何时候更……

在比较级结构中，副词 ever 与比较级和最高级连用，用来加强语气.

ever在不同句型中的意义： 1）曾经；以前（用于疑问句）

2）无论什么时候都（不）（用语否定句） 3）曾经（用于if 从句）

4）到底；究竟（用于特殊疑问句） 5）永远；老是（用于肯定句）

9. for example 同类的“一个”，用逗号隔开，可置于句首，句中和句末

such as 只能举其中一部分，不能全部举出。

10. come up 上来, 走近; 被提出; 发芽; 升起

11.(1) even if ( = even though ): in spite of the fact; no matter whether 即使；尽管

是连词词组，用来引导让步状语从句；若主、从句皆表示将来情况，从句中可用一般现在时代替将来时。

(2) even if 从句所说的不那么肯定。 even though 从句是事实。

12. So why has English changed over time? over= throughout / during

13. actually = in fact = as a matter of fact 事实上，实际上

14. base on/upon… 以…为基础 be based on

15. close v./adj./ close (adv)位置上接近closely (adv) 抽象关系上的密切

close to 相近, 靠近, 几乎 be close to 表状态 get close to表动作

16. in the 1600’s= in the 1600s

17. make (good/full/no/the most/ the best…) use of使用

18. a number of +可数名词复数 大量的（其后谓语动词用复数）

the number of +可数名词复数 …的数目（其后谓语动词用单数）

The number of the students adds up to in our school.

只能修饰可数名词的：a large/ great/ good number of,

a good/ great many, dozens of, scores of, quite a few

只能修饰不可数名词的：a great deal of, a large amount of,

quite a little, a large sum of

既可修饰可数，不可数名词的：plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a large quantity of

19. Only time will tell. 时间会证明一切 tell 知道, 判断

tell A from B: 区分，分别

20．Believe it or not.

21. However, even on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way (that/ in which) people speak.

22. recognize = to know and remember sb/sth. one has seen before. 认出。

从外表上辨认出，指一时性的动作

know表示知道有这个人并认识他，在一定程度上对他有了解，指长久性的动作

I know him, but when I saw him last night, I could hardly recognize him.

Module 1 Unit 3 Travel journal

1. When are you leaving? Where are you staying?

用进行时表将来的动词: go , come, leave, start, begin, return, stay, play, fly, drive,

sleep, reach, walking, ride, move…

2. dream about = dream of sth /doing sth. dreamed/ dreamt

dream that… realize one’s dream our dream come true

have a dream= dream a dream

3. It was my sister who first had the ides to…..强调句：

It was/is+强调成分+that-/who-分句

① It + be (not) + 强调部分+ that /who + 句子剩余部分

② Be + it + 强调部分+ that /who + 句子剩余部分?

Was it at the end of that China joined WTO?

③ 特殊疑问词+ be + it +that /who + 句子剩余部分?

When was it that China joined WTO?

4. .persuade vt.说服; 劝服; vi.被说服

persuade + sb.

sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事

sb. that clause

sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into doing sth.

sb. out of doing sth. = persuade sb. not to do sth

try to persuade sb to do sth. = advise sb to do sth. 说服未成功

5.although, though引导让步状语从句不能再和but, and, however连用, 但可以和副词yet, still连用。although从句多放在句首, though从句可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且though可以作副词用于句末，作 “但是，不过”讲，而although无此用法。

6. insist : 坚持认为，坚持主张

1) insist on / upon one’s doing sth 坚持做,坚决做

2) insist that +从句坚持说/认为(后表示一个事实), 后接的从句用陈述语气, 既按需要选择时态。

3) insist that sb. (should) do sth.坚决主张做某事, 后接的宾语从句常用虚拟语气

7．properly (adv.) proper (adj.)

finally (adv.) final ( adj)

8. care about : be worried about 忧虑,关心

care for sb/sth : look after, love or like希望, 喜欢, 照顾

9. determine v. 决定, 下定决心, 确定 determined adj. 坚决的, 有决心的

1) determine to do sth.（动作） 2) determine +从句

3) determine +疑问词+ to do 4) be determined to do sth. 决心做（状态）

He was determined to do it for a long time.

10.change one’s mind 改变某人的主意

make up one’s mind 下定决心 keep…in mind 记住

11.at an altitude of = at a height of 在海拔……米处 attitude

at 后接年龄, 速度, 长宽深高, 价格, 费用等 “在……处/时, 以……”

at the age of at a high / low price at a depth/width of

at the speed of at the cost of at a distance of

12….the air was would hard to breath….

主语 + be + adj.+ to do sth. 即不定式用主动形式表达被动含义

这类形容词有surprised, moved, disappointed, pleased, happy, sad, delighted, sorry, interested, glad, worried, etc.

13. give in (to sb./sth.) 屈服于, 让步, 递交 give up 放弃, 认输

give out 筋疲力尽；分配 give away 捐赠, 泄露

14. across / through /over

across表示从一定范围的一边到另一边或事物交叉位置,“横穿, 横跨”表面,含

义与on 有关

through 表达两边穿过或穿过空间内部, 含义与in 有关

over表示 “越过” 是指越过较高的物体从一侧到另一侧

The new railway winds its way to Tibet, over mountains through tunnels and across rivers.

15. as usual

16. encourage sb. to do sth. encourage sb in doing sth. encouraged/ encouraging

17. To climb the mountain road was hard work but to go down the hill was great fun. fun fun [U n. ] 玩笑, 乐事, 有趣的事

have fun=enjoy oneself It is much/great fun to do… 做……很有趣

18.change v.“换衣, 更换” change n “零钱”

get changed 换好衣服 change A for B 用A换B

19.make camp 扎营, 宿营 go camping 去露营, 去野营

① make +n.+ n. 使…… ② make +n.+ adj. 使……

③ make +n.+ do sth. 使某人做某事 * 被动式 be made to do sth

④ make +n.+过去分词

20.put up ① 举起, 抬起 = raise ② 挂起, 张贴

③ 建造, 搭起 = build ④ 住宿, 留宿

put away 把……收起来, 存放 put back 放回原处

put down 放下, 写下, 镇压 put forward 提出

put off 推迟, 拖延 put out 扑灭, 伸出

put one’s heart to 全神贯注于 put an end to 使结束

21. so far

22. We can hardly wait to see them!

23. for one thing,……for another,…….首先…，其次…

on the one hand,….. on the other hand…..

24. different adj. difference n. differently adv. differ v.

the difference between A and B

A be different from B.

25. be familiar to sb. (主语是物) 熟悉

be familiar with sth. (主语是人)

Module 1 Unit 4 Earthquakes

1. It is always calm before a strom.

2. right away =at once; in no time; immediately right now : at this very moment

3. rise [raiz] vi. 升起, 起身, 增长, 上升, rose-risen

raise [reiz] vt.升起, 唤起, 提高, 使出现, 饲养, 筹集, 使复活 raised-raised

arise [ ‘raiz] vi. 出现, 发生, 起因于 arose--arisen

4. burst : to come open or fly apart suddenly

burst into + n. burst out + doing

burst into tears/ laughter burst out crying / laughing

5. at an end be at an end

at the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所的场合，它也可以用来表示比喻意;

by the end of 用于表示时间的场合到……结束的时候，用于过去完成时态;

in the end 意思“最后、终于”。

6. cut across 横穿，跨越 cut in v.插嘴, 插入,

cut off v.切断, 断绝, 剥夺继承权 cut down. v.砍倒, 胜过, 削减, 删节

cut up v.切碎, 抨击, 歼灭, 使丧气 cut out v.切掉, 裁剪出, 取代, 停止

7. lay in ruins lie-lied -lied -lying 说谎

lie-lay -lain -lying 躺,平放, 展现(开),位于

lay-laid-laid -laying vt. 放置, 铺设, 布置 vi.下蛋, 打赌

ruin /destroy /damage/ injure

damage指部分“损坏”、“损害”、“破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。N.&V 用作名词时常与to something 连用。

destroy 只能用作v.,指彻底破坏,以致不可能修复,常作“破坏”、“毁灭”解,也

可以指希望、计划等打破。

ruin则表示破坏严重,以致不能修复,但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物,而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时,它作 “使毁灭”、“使崩溃”,“弄糟”解;用作名词时,它表示 “毁灭”, “瓦解”,“废墟”等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法

8. injure: 身体上, 肉体上，损害健康，成就，容貌的伤害

hurt : 使身体部位,精神上，感情受到伤害,造成损失

wound: 刀,子弹,名声等的伤害 ，战场上受伤

harm: 肉体或精神上的伤害，有时可指引起不安或不便，还可用于抽象事物（尤指不道德的事情）

9. be shocked be trapped in

10. wonder : v. in wonder

wonder to do sth. / w- to do sth. /at / about n.奇迹, 惊奇, 惊愕

It is no wonder (that)= No wonder (that) 难怪…

11. All hope was not lost.

all…not …= not all…, some…but not all（表示部分否定）

all, both, each, every + not

All of their answers were not right. = not all of their answers are right.

12. dig out

13. bury vt bury oneself in= be buried in devote oneself to= be devoted to

14．congratulation n.祝词, 贺辞 常用复数 + on congratulate sb. on sth.

15. Judging from/ by = to judge by 由……判断之

Generally speaking Strictly speaking Frankly speaking

16. honor n.尊敬, 敬意, 荣誉, 光荣 vt.尊敬, 给以荣誉

in honor of sb./sth. in one’s honour 为了纪念/尊敬……

17．Prepare sth / to do sth./ sb to do sth. / for 准备, 预备,

be/get prepared for in preparation for

Module 1 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela – a modern hero

1.ask for 要求得到 ask for sb. 找某人，要求见某人

2. be willing to do sth 乐意（自愿）做, 心甘情愿做

3. be active in 积极参加

4. lose heart 丧失信心 lose one’s heart 爱上某人

5. in trouble 处于不幸中，有麻烦，在监禁中

6. die for 为……而死 die for 也意为“渴望，切望”（只用于进行时态）

7. fight (fought, fought)

fight for 为……而战 fight with + 人,国家 与…并肩作战

fight against + 事物n. 为反对……作斗争

fight against + 人,国家 和（同）…斗争 =fight with

8. believe in sb. 信任某人 believe sb= believe what sb says. 相信某人的话

9. be free from摆脱（不好的东西）的，无……的

10. be in prison. 在狱中，被监禁

put…in prison = send/take…to prison = throw …into prison 把……投入监狱

11. The time when I first met …… was a very difficult period of my life.

This was a time when one had got to ….

12. advise sth

(one’s) doing sth.

sb.to do sth.建议某人干advise sb.not to do sth=advise sb.against doing sth.

sb on sth. 就……给某人出主意

that clause sb (should) do

advice (n.) a piece of advice take sb’s advice 接受某人的劝告

ask for advice on… give sb.(some) advice on. 给某人建议

13. be +距离/时间+ away 有……远

14. continue to do /doing sth

15. fee 付给医生，律师，学校的费用，考试，俱乐部，入场卷收取的费用。

fare （交通工具的）票价

reward 报酬，奖金 vt. 酬谢，给以报答 in reward 作为报酬

16. After trying hard, I got a job in a gold mine.= after I tried hard….

17. be worried about =worry about 担心

18. out of work=lose one’s job 失业 （反）be in work

19. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights …

See表示“见证，目睹”；(在某段时期)发生…,经历,经受，主语为时间或物

The parts of town where they lived were places decided by white people.

20. vote 投票，参加选举，强调其过程

choose选择,指从众多事物中挑选 选举， elect强调选举结果

21.He has got himself into a dangerous situation where (in which) he is likely to lose control over the plan.

22. accept 主观接受 receive客观收到

23. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.

only then 此处引起倒装句，当only修饰状语位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装

only 修饰主语时，句子不倒装。

24. as a matter of fact= in fact事实上

25. blow up 使充气，爆炸 blow off 吹掉，吹走

blow down 吹倒 blow out 吹灭

26. be equal to 等于，相当于

27．imagine +n. / doing sth. /sb.+doing / that… n. imagination

28. escape from sp. 逃脱, 避开, 溜走 escape doing sth. 避免

29. in one way = in a way (M2 Unit 3) = in some ways

all the way 一直，一路上 by the way 顺便一提

in this way 以这种方式 in the way 妨碍 挡路

on one’s/the way 在途中 in no way 绝不 No way！门儿都没有！

lose one’s way 迷路 lead the way 带头， 领先

30. He taught us during the…… when we should have been asleep.

should do应该做,一般指现在或将来的动作，指过去的动作时应站在过去的角度。

should have done 表示本应该做而没有做的.站在现在的角度上评说过去的事情。

asleep 是表语形容词，意为“睡着的”。 sleep 是动词或名词，意为“睡觉”。

sleepy 是形容词，意为“打盹的”

31. As they were not cleverer than me, but did pass their exam….

“did pass” 为强调结构，强调谓语动词时，在动词原行前加do, does, did.

eg. Do be careful! He does speak English well!

I do hope you have a merry Christmas!

32. come to power = come into power 执政, 当权，上台 in power 当权，执政

33. I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.

every time，每次…就…immediately，the moment/ minute /instant=as soon as ,

next time下次…..时,等起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句。

I thought her nice and honest the first time I met her.

Next time he comes, he asks me for some money.

34. set up set out to do sth = set about doing sth. 着手做某事

35. be sentenced to

36. terror n. 恐怖，可怕的人或事 fear n. &vt. 恐惧，可怕

fear + n./to do /that… for fear of … for fear that… 担心 惟恐

37．beat n. 敲击，跳动 beating n. 打、输

Module 2 Unit 1 Cultural relics

1. survive vt &vi 幸存 survivor (n.) 幸存者 survival (n.) 幸存

2. remain (1) vi. 留下, 遗留

(2) link-verb. 后接 n. adj. / 介词短语 / 表位置的adv.

3. the rest 作主语时, 根据指带对象不同,可能是单数,也可能是复数.

4． look into 调查

5. state 状态, 可数名词; condition 条件, 复数形式表 “环境, 状况”;

situation 指处境, 局势。 state侧重于政权 country侧重于疆土 nation侧重于民族

6． belong to 不用于进行时态和被动语态

7． 情态动词 + have done 表示对过去发生的事情的推测、批评、反悔等意。

can’t/ couldn’t have done不可能做过

could have done 可能做过；本来可以做（却未做）

might have done 或许做过；本来或许会做

may have done 或许做过

would have done 本来要做（却未做）

must have done 肯定已做过（表推测）

needn’t have done 本来没必要做（却已做）

should(n’t) / ought (n’t) have done 本来（不）应该做（却做了）

8. gift 礼物; 天赋 have a gift for sth. gifted (adj.) 有天赋的

9. be used to do sth. 被用来做……

be used to doing习惯于做某事（表状态）

used to（do） 过去常常做某事，（现在不了）

get used to 表示由不习惯到习惯的变化

be used to +n./doing 表示已经习惯或已形成的状态

否定：didn't’t use to/ usedn’t to/ used not to

一般疑问：Did… use to…?/ Used … to…?

10. Although it feels as hard as stone, it easily melts when (it is) heated.

11. Once it is heated, the amber can be made into any shape.

12. The design for the room was of the fancy style popular in those days.

“be + of + 名词(词组)” , 表示主语的某种形状、特性或特征。

of great importance=important of interest=interesting

of use=useful of help=helpful of value=valuable

be of + size/ length/ height/ depth be of the same size

fancy + that-/one’s doing sth / sb to be…/ sb as /sth /doing sth.

13. be made into 被制成 be made up of 由……组成/构成

be made of 由……制成（能看出原材料）

be made from 由……制成（看不出原材料）

be made in产于，生产于（某地/某时）

14. in return. 回报,作为报酬 in turn 轮流地,依次; 反过来

by turns 轮流地,时而…时而…

15..serve as 担任，充当 act as work as 以…（的身份）工作， 当…

He serve as a waiter there

16. In 1770, the room was completed （the way(that/ in which/ 不填) she wanted it.

“the way”后跟定语从句，在从句中作方式状语, the way的用法与连词相同,

I still remember the way that ( in which, / )she did it.

I liked the way that / in which she organized the meeting.

当way前面有adj.作定语时， 其前不省略in

He always writes in a careless way.

17. 介词+名词 (表状态)

at war/work/home/table on show/duty/sale/holiday/fire/watch

in trouble/danger/battle/doubt under repair/discussion/construction建设

18. a piece of / a set of furniture.

19. There’s no doubt that… (肯定句)doubt whether /if

There’s no need to do / for sth / sb There’s no possibility that…

There’s no doubt of / about +n. There’s no doubt about his honesty.

20. missing: “丢失的, 缺少的”, 强调不在场;

lost: 过去分词, “失去的, 丧失的”

gone: 过去分词, “过去的,不在的,丢了”,常作表语和补语。

21 take apart 拆开 tell … apart

They look almost the same, it’s hard to tell them apart.

22. consider sth./ doing / that clause考虑，认为 considering 就…而言

consider…as = consider…. to be

consider …. to have done ------

be consider to have done He is considered to have stole the picture.

23. prove

这三种结构都可以是prove作实义动词用法。

1)prove＋n.(作宾语)，意“证明某事”，如：

The scientist finally proved the fact.那位科学家最终证实了那个事实。

2)prove＋that宾语从句

The fact proved that his statement was true. 事实证明他的说法是正确的。

3)prove＋宾语＋(to be)…(作宾补)

He proved himself (to be) honest.他证明自己诚实。

另外，prove还可作系动词，后接(to be)＋名词/形容词，构成系表结构，意“结果是…，证明是”，没有被动语态。 The book proved (to be) interesting.

24. pretend sth/ to do /that-clause/ to be doing 假装

25. think highly /much / well of 看重，器重

think little / nothing / badly / ill / poorly of 轻视，不重视

26. Nor do I think they should give it to any government.

Nor could slaves or women. (M2 unit2)

Module 2 Unit 2 The Olympic Games

1. compete: (vt) take part in a race, contest, exam, etc.

(1) compete in 在…中比赛/竞争

(2) compete against / with… 与…竞争/比赛

(3) compete for 为…而竞争/比赛

competitor 竞争者 competition 竞争,比赛 competitive (adj) 竞争性的,比赛性的

2 .take part in (正式) + 运动/ 罢工/ 运动会/ 战争/游戏/ 试验/ 谈话等

join (非正式)+ 团体, 活动成为一员+ 参军/ 入党/ 入团

join in (正在进行的活动, 有时=take part in )

attend (= be present at 出席)

3. host做东, 主办 hold 举行, 召开

4. On a journey 在进行旅行 on business 在出差

journey 较长时间或教长距离的旅行，“行程，旅程”

travel 泛指一切旅游

trip 一般指往返的旅行，尤其指娱乐性的短途旅游。

tour 指考察、观光等巡回各地的旅行，也指短途旅游。

5 .magical adj. 不可思议的=unbelievable magic (n.) magician (人)

magically adv.

6. interview n/ v interviewee (被采访者) interviewer 采访者

Make an interview Have an interview with sb. interview sb.

a job interview 求职面试 a television interview 电视采访

7.time “时代，时期”， 单复数均可

all the time 一直，始终 at all times 无论何时，一直

at one time曾经，一度 at times 有时，不时

from time to time 有时，不时 in no time 立刻，马上

ahead of time 提早（前） at a time 每次，一次

in time及时 on time 准时 at times =sometimes有时

at the same time

sometime 某时 some time 一段时间 some times几次

8. find out : 经过努力有意去 “找”, “打听”, “弄清楚”；

find: “找到,发现”, 强调结果。

discover: 发现本来就存在但未被人所知的事物, 地方, 思想等

9.every +基数词+ 名词复数 “每…”

every +序数词+名词单数

every + few + 复数名词 “每隔几…”

every + other + 单数名词 = every two + 复数名词: “每两…”

every other day=every two days=every second day 每隔一天，每两天

10．a set of

11. admit 许可…进入，录取，承认，容纳,容许admitted

admit sth / doing sth. 许可做某事/ that-clause/ sth to be + adj.

admit to doing sth.承认做某事 admit into

be admitted as 被接受为……,

12. That is why…….

13. in honour of 为向…表示敬意，为纪念…，为祝贺…

honour sb. with/by… 用…给某人荣誉／光荣

Show honour to sb. 对某人表示敬意

14. as well as 也，同，和 +名词，代词，形容词，介词

1）as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数根据前面一个主语确定。

rather than, together with, along with, with

2）as well as后接动词，一般用ing形式。3）as well as = besides 除…外还有

4) as well as 同级比较，“与…一样好” 5) as well = too

15. as much + 名词+ as 像…一样

16. replace +A+with/by +B 用B去替换A take the place pf

17. prize / medal / reward / award

medal 奖牌/章; prize 奖金, 奖励, 获奖名次;

award 奖品, 奖金; reward 报酬, 回报

18. game / match /contest / competition

game 游戏,比赛,运动,球赛为美式英语,指棋类、桥牌类；复数为运动会；

match 球赛为英式英语, 指预先安排好的正式比赛,如摔跤, 拳击等;

contest 指智力和知识竞赛 (=competition)

competition 通过个人体力, 智力,技能 等获取名词。

19. relate to 与…..有关系 relate….to… 把…与…联系起来

20. marry sb.

be married to get married to

21. promise sth/ to do sth./ sb. to do sth./ sb. sth. / that-clause

22. one after another 陆续地，一个接一个地

23. be ready to do sth.-

Module 2 Unit 3 computer

1. in common: 共同的；共有的；共用的

have nothing / little/ much/ something/ a lot in common ( with sth/ sb.)

2. in one’s opinion= in the opinion of sb. = in one’s view

3. analytical adj.分析的, 解析的 analyzer (analyser) n.分析者, 分析器

analyze (analyse) vt. 分析, 分解 analysis n. 分析，分解 ( pl. analyses )

analyzable adj. 可被分析的, 可以分解的

analyst n. 分析家 analytic adj. 分析的;分解的

technology 技术(指科学和工业) technique(n.)技术(指做事的方法,技巧)

technologist (person) technical 专业的 adj.

4. simple-minded 头脑简单的 absent-minded 心不在焉的

open-minded 没有偏见的 narrow-minded 心胸狭窄的

single-minded一心一意的 strong-minded 意志坚强的

weak-minded 低能的，愚蠢的 noble-minded 思想高尚的

5.anyway =anyhow无论如何 someway 意为“以某种方式;不知怎么地”

Anyway it’s worth trying.

6. artificial adj. 人工的,人造的 artificial intelligence 人工智能

artificial flowers/limbs/pearls 假花/假肢/假珍珠

7. As the years have gone by, go by: (of time) pass (从...旁)走过, 依照,

The car went by us. You should go by the rules

8. totally=completely adv. 整个地;完全地 in total 总共

total adj. 完全的; 整个的 totally blind 全盲 total silence 寂静无声

9. so+adj./adv.+that 或Such+(a/an)+(adj.)+n.+that 如此……以致于……

10. in the 1960s.(in the 1960’s)

in/during the 1950s/1950’s 在20 世纪50 年代

in his forties 在他40多岁时

11. alone adj./adv. : by oneself, without others(作表,不作前置定语)

lonely adj.: unhappy because one is always away from his family or friends(作表,定)

I am alone, but I never feel lonely.

The old man lives alone in the lonely small mountain village.

12. since then. 从那时起（常与完成时连用）

13.deal with

1) 对待(人、事) = get along/on with, do with 2) 论及......,= refer to

3) 与......交易 deal in sth. 买卖/交易 4 )deal sth. out 分发;分配

表示“处理”, 在特殊疑问句中, do with与what连用,deal with与how连用。

14. connect… with /to 把…与…连接起来

be connected with 与……有关系/联系

She is connected with The Smiths.

15. enough 在名词前后都可以 在adj./adv. 后 fast enough

It’s adj. enough for sb. to do sth. It’s late enough for us to stop work.

16. choice n.选择, 抉择, 精选品, 选择机会, 选择权 choose (v.)

17. is suitable for

18. personally = as far as I am concerned = speaking for oneself

19. move (n./ v) 行动， 移动, 迁居, 步骤 vt.移动, 感动, 鼓动

make a move 采取行动 on the move 在进行中

be deeply moved by 被…..深深感动 be moved to tears 感动得流泪

20. make up

21. after all 结果，终究， 表示结果与预想不同。通常放在句末。

毕竟，究竟， 导出原因，放于句首

first of all = 首先，首要的是

at all 完全，根本（否定。疑问，条件）

above all (M2 Unit 5)

22. with the help of = with one’s help

23. watch over. 照顾，照管，看守，看管 watch out注意，留神

24. wander vi.漫步, 徘徊, 迷路, 迷失方向, 离题

Module 2 Unit 4 Wildlife protection

1. as a result : 作为…的结果;因此;由于

as a result of + sth /sb /v-ing /what.=because of “由于…”

result from… 起因于…. result in … 结果为….，导致…

2. die out: disappear completely

(动.植物的)灭绝, (风俗,习惯,观念的)逐渐消失, (火,光)逐渐熄灭

die away(sound, wind, light)becomes weaker and finally stops 渐渐消失,

die down 指物质特性或情感 “逐渐平息”

die off 相继死亡;(草木)先后枯死

die of 因…而死 ,由于疾病,饥寒,情感原因造成的死亡.

die from.除疾病,情感之外的原因造成的死亡

3. in peace 和平地; 和睦地

be in danger (of) : 处于危险之中 endangered

4. get done / get +adj. get dressed

get hurt get killed get married get separated get excited

get caught get bored get lost get tired get paid

get drunk get broke get angry get ill get fat

5. She turned round and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.

…,with everyone clapping and enjoying your singing. (M2 Unit 5)

“with + n. /pron. + Ving”的结构。用作状语，说明与谓语的动作同时发生的情况。

with + sb + to do sth

with + sth. + done

with+n./pron.宾+宾补adj./adv./doing/to do/done/介词短语

①The student always listen to the teacher with his eyes wide open.

②He left his room with the light on.

③With the old man to lead the way, we’re sure to get there in time

④Mary felt shy with the whole class looking at her.

⑤The thief sat in the corner, with his hands tied to a chair.

⑥The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.

there are only 72,000 of us left.

“there + be + N./ 代词 + 非谓语动词”

其中非谓语动词的形式取决于句子中名词/代词和该动词之间是主动关系还是被动关系。 是主动关系时用现在分词形式， 如果是被动关系则用过去分词形式。

There are some students singing in the classroom.]

There were two students killed in the fighting.

Newspapers reported that there were hundreds of houses burned in the great fire.

6. stomach n. 腹部;胃 stomachache n. 胃、肚子痛

7. Would prefer + sth. 更愿意…

Would prefer to do sth. 更愿意做某事

prefer + sth. 更愿意要…

sb. to do sth 更愿意让某人做某事

doing / to do sth. 更愿意做某事

that sb. should do…更愿意让某人做某事

to do… rather than do…宁愿做…也不宁愿做…

(doing) sth… to (doing) sth.宁愿（做）某事也不宁愿（做）某事

8. apply v. 申请

apply (to sb. ) for sth. 向（某人）申请… apply oneself to… 专心; 集中精力

apply to do sth. 申请做某事 apply to sb. /sth. 适用，应用

9.suggest 提议； 建议

①+ sth

② + doing sth.

③ + sb’s doing sth.

④ + sth. to sb.

⑤ + that sb. ( should ) do sth.

⑥ It’s suggested that sb. ( should ) do sth.

当suggest解为“暗示,表明,说明”时,从句要用一般陈述语气,不用虚拟语气。

10. No longer = not any longer 不再（时间，状态上不再延续）

No more = not any more 不再（数量上的不再延续）

11. thick adj. a thick rope粗绳

thick black hair浓密的头发 a thick forest茂密的森林

a thick door厚重的门 thick smoke浓烟

12．rub v. ~ sth on /over rubbed

13．protect v. protection n.

protect sb /sth from (against) sth 保护…不受…伤害

keep … from doing sth.

stop … (from )doing sth. 阻止某人做某事

prevent …. (from)…

14．affect (v.) = have an effect on 影响

have an effect on/ upon sb./ sth.

15．pay attention to: give your attention to

16. No rain forest, no animals and no drug.

No. A, no B. （如果）没有……就（没有）….. No pains, no gains

17．Would like + sth. 想要某东西

to do sth. 想做某事

sb. to do sth 想某人做某事

feel like + doing sth.= want to do sth. 想做某事。

18. Three of us我们中的三个人 the three of us我们三个人

19. bite- bit –bitten

20. come into being

Module 2 Unit 5 Music

1.roll 翻身, 打滚，卷起，滚下来，铺开, 离开, 大声朗读

roll over

2. folk n. 人们(复数形式可加s, 也可不加, 表示家里人, 父母(常加s)

folk music folk tale folk song folk dance folk singer

3.musician 音乐家 →music音乐n. → musical音乐的adj

4. honest adj. honesty n / honestly adv. / dishonest adj.

be honest with sb To be honest, … 老实说= to tell the truth

be honest about sth 对…老实, 诚恳 It is honest of sb. to do sth.

be honest in ( doing ) sth

5. form vt. 形成, 组成, 养成 n. 表格, 形式, 形态

Be formed of =be made up of 由……组成

in the form of以…形式 in form形式上, 情况良好

6.passers-by 合成词构成复数是一般在前面加复数:

lookers-on 旁观者 sons-in-law 女婿

但是由man或woman构成的合成词, 复数前后的词都要加复数.如men-doctors

7. earn vt. 赚得, 使得到 earn one’s living = make a living 谋生

8. extra adj. 额外的；外加的；特别的；另外的

adv. 特别; 额外 n.额外的东西；另收费的事物

9. play jokes/a joke on … 开玩笑, 戏弄某人

=make fun of…=laugh at…= play tricks/ a trick on…

10. lively

11. advertisement 做广告; 登广告 advertise v. 做广告宣传

advertise on TV在电视上做广告

12. actors 演员 actress 女演员 act n. 行为，举动 act v. 演出；当演员

13.fan (1) n. 扇子 (2) vt. 扇；吹向 fan oneself 扇自己; fan a fire扇火

(3) n. 狂热者，迷 pop fans 发烧友

14. 1) or so “大约；……左右” ，通常位于数量词之后。

2) about , some, round 均为“大约”之意，但它们放在数词之前

15. instrument n.1) 器具；仪器 a surgical instrument 外科器械

2) 乐器（guitar, flute长笛 , saxophone萨克斯管）

16..break up ① 破裂, 拆散, 打碎 ② 驱散 ③ 停止, 结束,放学了。

break down 出故障,拆毁,失败,精神崩溃, (身体)垮

break into/in 破门而入,闯进

break off 中断；停止,断交；突然停止

break out 爆发；突然发生

break away from 脱离；摆脱

17. hit n. 成功, 风靡一时, 打击 vt. hit sb on/in + 身体某一部位

beat +sb. win+match/prise/

18. afterwards

19. go wrong= something is wrong with…]

= there is something wrong with…

go +adj. go mad go bad go pale go grey . go hungry

20. be / feel confident +clause/ of / about/ in

21. stick to

22. hear of听说 hear about听说, 接到消息

hear from接到...的信, 受...批评 hear that

23. at first = at the beginning; 起初，含有后来不这样之意

first of all 首先，指按时间，顺序等处于第一位的。

the first time 第一次 做宾语、表语,作连词引导从句;

for the first time 第一次 作状语，不引导从句

At first she was afraid of water, but she soon learned to swim.

First of all let me say how glad I am to be here.

I’ll never forget the first time I went to Japan.

It was there that they met for the first time.

24. hang –hanged-hanged 绞死 The man was hanged for murder

hang--hung --hung 悬挂, 垂下, 装饰, A picture is hung on the wall.

1．enjoy suggest practise, mind, risk, avoid, , escape, keep, , admit, advise, consider, appreciate, excuse, delay, finish, imagine, miss, feel like, stand （忍受） look forward to, can’t help, put off, give up，set about , insist on +doing

2．It’s +adj, +for sb. to do sth. (对某人来说做…)

It’s +adj, +of sb. to do sth. （某人如此…而做

It is /was +…+ who/ that…

It is/was the first time that…+主语+ have/ had done…某人第一次做…

It’s said / reported / hoped / believed / announced that 据说/报道/希望/相信/据称

It’s a pity / a shame / a wonder … that 可惜/可耻/奇怪的是…

It happens / appears / seems +that 恰巧/好像

It looks / seems as if 看起来好像

It’s up to sb. to do 该某人做

It’s (high) time that + 主语+ did/ should+ do 是该做的时候了

篇5：英语结构中的“否定转移”(新课标版高考复习英语教案教学设计)

在英语的某些特殊句型中，按照意思本应该放在其它部分的否定却习惯移到前面的谓语中。在汉译英时要注意翻译，以符合表达习惯。

英语结构中的“否定转移”

在英语的某些特殊句型中，按照意思本应该放在其它部分的否定却习惯移到前面的谓语中。在汉译英时要注意翻译，以符合表达习惯。

一、在含有宾语从句的主从复合句中,若宾语从句是表否定意义，而且主句中含有I(we)+think,

believe, suppose, expect, imagine等谓语动词时，则习惯上把宾语从句中的否定词not前移到主句的谓语动词中。如:

I don't think it's necessary to read this book. 我认为没有必要去读这本书。

I don't believe it's rainy today. 我确信今天一定不是雨天。

二、在“...not...because...”结构中，如果否定词否定的是由because引导的整个状语从句，则把not前移到主句的谓语动词上，且不用逗号将其隔开，意为“并不是因为……就……”。如: He didn't go to see the film because he liked it. 他并不是因为喜欢那部电影才去看的。

如果用逗号将其隔开，则not否定的是其后的谓语动词。如：

He didn't go to see the film yesterday, because he was ill.他昨天并没有去看电影,因为他病了。

三、当happen / used to / seem等词后加动词不定式构成复合谓语时，如果不定式是表否定含义，则把not前移到这些词的前面，构成“not + happen / used to / seem ...”。如：

The news didn't seem to be true. 这个消息好象并不是真的。

四、在“appear / feel like / seem / look /feel / sound / as if + 从句”结构中，从句的否定词常移到这些动词或短语的前面。如:

It doesn't look as if he is a Chinese. 他看起来并不像一个中国人。

It doesn't sound as if he knew what had happened. 听起来他好像不知道刚才所发生的事情。

五、当由until作为连词或介词所引导的时间状语从句或短语中含有否定词时，常转移到主句谓语动词中，构成“...not...until...”结构。如：

He doesn't go to bed until eleven every night. 他每晚直到11点才睡觉。

六、在“It is / was likely / probably +

从句”中，如果从句中用了否定结构，则把否定词转移到主句的谓语动词中。如：

It isn't likely that it will rain tomorrow. 看起来明天不会下雨。

It isn't probable that he will come here today. 他今天也许不会来这里了。

七、在一些部分否定中，也可将否定谓语动词的否定词转移到主语上。如：

Not all the people knew the truth. (=All the people didn't know the truth.)

并不是所有的人都知道事情的真相。

八、在一些句子中，句子形式上是否定动词，而实际上是否定状语部分。如：

Don't judge a man by his appearance. 不要以貌取人。

He doesn't go to school by bus but on foot.

他不是步行去上学,而是坐公共汽车。

篇6：英语高考的看图写话方法(新课标版高考复习英语教案教学设计)

看图写话是NMET书面表达经常采用的形式，它是一种检查学生观察理解能力及运用语言能力的形式。考生必须根据所示图片或图片组，恰当地运用所学的词句表达一个完整的故事，近年NMET书面表达均采用图画提示的书面表达形式，要求考生根据图画所表现的内容写一篇100字左右的短文。那么，如何根据图画的内容，运用正确的语言和规定的篇幅来写好这类文章呢？

1．确定图画的内容要点

碰上这类试题，考生首先应仔细审题，看懂图片所表达的意思，根据图画内容整理出几个要点，再根据这些要点决定要采用的语言形式。如NMET 的高考试题中，书面表达部分题目是这样的：假设你是李华，在美国探亲，2月8日清晨，你目击了一起交通事故。警察局让你写一份材料，报告当时所见情况，请根据图画写出报告，词数100左右，结尾已为你写好。

根据图画确定的内容要点是：

（1）202月8日发生了一起交通事故

（2）我走在公园路

（3）一位老人从街的另一边公园里出来

（4）一辆黄车开过来在公园路转弯

（5）黄车撞倒了老人并向西开跑

（6）我记住了车牌号是AC864，并送老人去医院

2. 直截了当，开门见山

开门见山就是文章写什么，开头就说什么，直截了当，尽快入题，不要拐弯抹角，拖泥带水，如NMET 98，写的是参观农场，开头就是：Today we visited a farm.

3．10句话左右组成文章

书面表达要求用100词左右写出含六个要点左右的短文，所以从近几年的高考英语答案看，一般都以10个句子组成一篇文章。若用较少于8句话来表达，则句子容易复杂冗长，容易失控；若用多于10句话来表述，则句子零乱与琐碎，文章缺乏整体感。

请看NMET 2000年的书面表达范文（8句话）：

（1）It was 7：15 on the morning of February8，2000. （2） I was walking along Park Road towards the east when an elderly man came out of the park on the other side of the street．（3）Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third street and make a right turn into Park Road．（4） The next moment the car hit the man while he was crossing the road．（5） He fell with a cry. （6）The car didn't stop but drove at great speed heading west. （7） I noticed the driver was young woman and the plate number was AC864．（8） About two minutes later I stopped a passing car and took the old man to the nearest hospital.

4．语言基本无误

（1）用有把握的句式

看图写话要用自己最熟悉、最有把握的词语和句型将题中所规定的内容要点加以表达，进而串联成文。在表达时句子宜短不宜长，应慎用分词或复合句，对拿不准的表达，可采用“回避”的方法，在不改变原有意思的前提下，改换另一种表达方式，但切忌中文式的英语，或根据英语语法人为地编造一些不地道的语言材料。如NMET 98高考作文是：5月3日，你参观了一个农场，请根据图画用英语写一篇日记。针对这篇文章的要点，我们就要使用以下有把握的句式，如：

①give somebody a warm welcome

②show somebody around

③How glad somebody was to do something

④have fun （in） doing something

⑤say goodbye to somebody

其中，第一句式The farm workers gave us a warm welcome. 我们也可以用其它表达法：The farm workers warmly welcomed us. 或The people in the farm received us warmly等。

（2）注意用词表达得当

用词不当，会影响文章内容的正确表达。如：NMET 98的高考书面表达有如下要点：警察罚他们抓住下一个违章者。有的学生用He let us catch an other off ender．这种表达就没有He made us catch the next of fender. 来得恰当。因为文中是因违章被罚，站在路边抓其他违章者一事带有强迫性质，用“let”语意太轻，应改用make。

（3）重视英语虚词的使用

“看图写话”所提供的图画内容要点，通常是分幅叙述，相互之间没有逻辑的联系。这就要求考生按照合理的顺序，将句子连珠成串。在不连贯时，可适当使用一些过渡性的连接词，如and，then，however，besides，thus等，这样使人看上去脉络清晰，层次分明，文理通顺，意思连贯。如：NMET 97范文中使用连词and达到5次，NMET 98使用连词and达到3次，NMET 99使用连词and达到4次，NMET 2000使用连词and达到3次，then l次，but l次。

5．结尾自然有力

文章结尾要干净、利落，既不能拉杂，也不能草率，要显得自然，恰当得体。请看如表1所示的例子：

年份

文章结尾句

NMET 1992

At four o’clock, we said goodbye and set off for home.

NMET 1993

It was our brave Ah Fu who had saved my little sister.

NMET

The time passed quickly. Before we knew it, we had to say goodbye to the workers.

NMET

I hope you come and see for yourself some day.

NMET 2000

About two minutes later I stopped a passing car and took the old man to the nearest hospital.

总之，做好看图写话的书面表达题，要做到内容切题，要点明确，文理通顺，语言正确，篇幅适中，开门见山，结尾自然。

篇7：Unit 1 Module 10 Language points(新课标版高考复习英语下册教案教学设计)

班级 姓名 学号 时间 评价

Learning Aims:

1. To learn some language points in the text to enlarge the vocabulary.

2. To use the language points when doing the exercises.

Learning Important and Difficult Points:

1. Learn to analyze some long and complicated sentences and to use some key word and expressions such as shock, take place, raise, and so on.

Learning Methods:

1. Learn some phrases by heart.

2. Learn the usage of some words and phrases through self-study and practice.

Learning Procedures:

Part One Self-exploration

I. Key phrases to remember

1. give a man a fish 授人以鱼 2. teach a man to fish 授人以渔

3. a charity concert 慈善音乐会 4. Live Aid 现场援助

5. raise money 集资 6. put pressure on 给…施加压力

7. on top of 除…以外 8. claim lives 夺去生命

9. lie in the hands of 在… 手中 10. emergency food aid紧急粮食援助

11. without doubt 毫无疑问 12. fill one’s belly 填饱肚子

13. fall further behind 进一步落后于 14. at a crossroads 处于关键时刻 15.improve the infrastructure 改善基础设施.

16. a community programme 社区计划

II. Self-exploration of some key words and phrases

1.［原句回放］The severity of this catastrophe shocked Bob Geldof, an Irish musician who organized a charity concert called Live Aidshock to raise money for famine victims in Ethiopia. 句中an Irish musician作为Bob Geldof的 ___同位语__________（成份），who 引导的是 ____定语_______ 从句；shock 在句中是 __vt______（词性）, 含义为 _使。。。震惊________ ， 还有 ____名词____（词性），含义为 ___令人震惊的事_______ ，通常指坏事情 ；called作为 __定语_________（成份），raise money for的含义为 ____为。。。捐钱__________________ 。

1）34人死于这次交通事故，听到这个消息大家都感到震惊。

___________________________________________________________________________

Everyone was shocked to hear the news that the accident claimed 34 lives.

2) The man __C____ himself an experienced doctor is actually a cheat. （B级）

A. calls B. called C. calling D. being called

3) A completely new situation will _A_____ when the examination system comes into existence.

（B级）

A. arise B. rise C. raise D. arouse

2.［原句回放］The concert took place on 13 July 1985 in two locations-in London and in Philadelphia-and included the biggest stars of the time. 该句中take place的含义是 ___举行______ ，有被动语态吗 ___无______ ？the time的含义是 _____时代，时期_________ 。

请辨析下列词组，并填空：

take place, happen, occur, break out 1) Great changes ____have taken place__________________ in our hometown during the past ten years. 2) I ____happened__________________ to see him on my way home. 3) It ____occurred to_________________ me that she didn’t know I had moved into the new house. 4) A fire _____broke out________________ in the hospital in the mid-night.

3.［原句回放］Geldof intended the concert to raise money for and public awareness of the famine. 句中intend sth to do sth 的意思是 __打算用。。。来做某事__________________ ，打算让某人做某事__intend sb to do sth_________________ , sth be intended/ meant for sb. / sth的含义为 __某物是为某人而设计的_____________

, raise public awareness of sth的含义为 ___增强人们的意识。

1）这本书是为儿童写的。

___________________________________________________________________________

The book is intended for children.

2）每位公民都应该增强保护环境的意识。

___________________________________________________________________________

Every citizen should raise his awareness of protecting the environment.

3) The residents approve of the measures __ D.____ so far in our city, ______ to bring a sharp rise in oil price. （C级）

A .having been taken, intended B. to be taken, intending

C. taken, to intend D. taken, intended

4.［原句回放］The WFP has organized a number of programmes , including the Food-for Growth programme , which targets people most at risk, such as babies, pregnant women and the elderly. 句中target是 ___ vt ____ (vt./vi)，其含义是 __以。。。为目标____________ ，还有名词词性，意思为“目标，对象，靶子，指标”；at risk的含义是 __处于危险中___________ , risk doing sth的含义是 _冒险做某事______________ 。

[复习巩固] at the risk of doing sth. 冒着…的危险 , run/ take a risk / risks , run/take the risk of (doing) sth. 冒险（做某事）, do sth. at the risk of one’s life / risk one’s life to do sth. 冒生命危险去做某事

1）请写出target在下列句中的含义，并口头翻译整个句子。

What type of reader is the new magazine targeting? _以。。。为目标、阅读群

We hope that these cities will not be targeted during the war. 成为袭击的目标

That is a sales campaign targeted at the youth market. 以。。。为目标，针对

They set a target for production. 指标

His target was to win the first place in the coming exam. 目标

2）许多人冒着损害健康的危险在工作。

___________________________________________________________________________

Many people are working at the risk of their health

5.［原句回放］It is without doubt an amazing achievement, but is it enough?

句中without doubt的含义为 __毫无疑问___________ ，与 __beyond doubt___________ 同义。

[拓展]There is no doubt that…There is no doubt about / as to …… 对于…没有怀疑

There is some doubt whether/what/when/how …… 对于…有怀疑

1）毫无疑问，他是诚实的。

___________________________________________________________________________

Without doubt, he is honest.

2) I don’t doubt __ D ____ he is capable of doing the job, but I do doubt ______ he will try his best.（B级）

A. if, that B. that, that C. whether, whether D. that , whether

6.［原句回放］Another important thing to remember is that the future of developing countries lies in the hands of children.该句中lie的意思是 __在于___________，其过去式/过去分词为_lay___/_lain____。lie 还有__位于 ，撒谎_____ , _______ 的意思。

1）最后他们发现问题在发动机上。(engine)

___________________________________________________________________________

At last they found that the problem lay in the engine.

2) The naughty boy ___D___ on the ground, ______ to his mother that the hen ______ two eggs a day. （B级）

A. laying ,laid, lain B. laid , lay, lain C. lying , lay, laid D. lying , lied , laid

7．［原句回放］In the end, $100 million was raised, which was sent as food aid and famine relief funding. 该句中relief的意思是 _____缓解________ , 其动词形式为 __relieve___________ , 常见动词短语 _____relieve sb of sth________

1）让我比较庆幸的是车并没有损坏。

___________________________________________________________________________

Much to my relief,, the was not damaged,

2) During the financial crisis, the French president agreed to provide 300 million of emergency fund to help __B____ unemployment. （B级）

A. release B. relieve C. relief D. recall

8.［原句回放］There is a saying goes “Give a man a fish, and you feed him for a day. ” 该句中go的含义是 ________ . 请注意在goes前加 that

1) His tomb ___ B___ , “By his death, one of England’s greatest writers is lost to the world.

（B级）

A. goes B. reads C. saying D. writes

2) As the proverb __D____ , an enemy in disguise is a wolf in sheep’s ______.（B级）

A. runs; dress B. says; clothes C. speaks; cloth D. goes; clothing

3) The story ___C___ that she has been married five times. （B级）

A. tells B. writes C. goes D. inform

Part Two Self-assessment

I. Translate the following sentences by using the given words and phrases

1）那次飓风夺走了许多人的生命，让许多人无家可归。(claim)

__________________________________________________________________________

2）他们给政府施加压力要他们立即采取措施来防止污染。(put pressure on)

___________________________________________________________________________

3）这份新杂志以青少年为读者群。(target)

___________________________________________________________________________

4）我们发现，许多问题出现的原因不在于别人而在自身。(lie in)

___________________________________________________________________________

1) The hurricane claimed many lives and made many people homeless.

2) They put pressure on the government to take measures to prevent pollution.

3) The new magazine targets teenagers.

4) We find that the causes of many problems lie in ourselves rather than others.

II. Multiple choice

1. Cook was a strict but good captain, ______ who, usually, took care of the sailors on his ship.

A. the one B. one C. that D. this

2. Life is tough in the city. In order to lose their ______ , some people drink alcohol.

A. temper B. mood C. consciousness D. pressures

3. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ______ a cure for AIDS will be found.

A. which B. that C. what D. whether

4. -Could I use your dictionary? -Yes, ______.

A. you could B. by all means C. you’ve got it D. I’m using it myself

5. - It took me ten years to build up my business, and it almost killed me.

- Well, you know what they say. ______.

A. There is no smoke without fire B. Practice makes perfect

C. All roads lead to Rome D. No pains, no gains

6. Tonight’s TV programme is ______ at improving the health of women of all ages.

A. intended B. targeted C. called D. prepared

7. The local health organization is reported ______ twenty-five years ago when Dr. Audon became its first president.

A. to be set up B. being set up

C. to have been set up D. having been set up

9. As the proverb ______ , an enemy in disguise is a wolf in sheep’s ______ .

A. runs; dress B. says; clothes C. speaks; cloth D. goes; clothing

10. ______ his financial problems, his wife also left him, which made him very depressed.

A. Except for B. Thanks to C. On top of D. Except

11. Journalists going to war zones do so ______ great risk of their lives.

A. in B. with C. for D. at

12. I couldn't afford to rent a house like this, ______ buy it.

A. no longer B. no more than C. let alone D. instead

13. Nowadays, many people in China celebrate Christmas, which is a custom ______ from the west.

A. imported B. exported C. input D. output

14.In order to arouse public attention to English, the Dongsi Neighbourhood hold an Englis

club which ______ the elderly.

A. aims B. targets C. faces D. intends

篇8：高考英语第二轮总复习讲座之十五(人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计)

Unit15 it的用法

一、考点聚焦

1、it的基本用法

（1）用作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。

The train has arrived. It arrived half an hour ago.

（2）用以代替提示代词this, that。

-What’s this? -It’s a knife.

-Whose watch is that? -It’s mine.

（3）起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物。

-Who is knocking at the door? -It’s me.

（4）指环境情况等。

It was very noisy (quiet) at the very moment.

（5）指时间、季节等。

-What time is it? -It’s eight o’clock.

It often rains in summer here.

（6）指距离。

It is a long way to the school.

（7）作形式主语。

It is not easy to finish the work in two days.

It is no use crying over spilt milk.

It is as pity that you didn’t read the book.

（8）作形式宾语。

I think it no use arguing with him.

I found it very interesting to study English.

He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject.

（9）用于强调结构。

It was Xiaoming whom(that)I met in the street last night.

It was in the street that I met Xiaoming last night.

It ws last night that I met Xiaoming in the street.

It was I who met Xiaoming in the street last night.

2、含有“It is …”的句型

（1）It is time (for sb.) to do sth.

It is (high) time that sb. did sth.(虚拟语气)

（2）It is + 形容词（+of / for sb.）+ to do sth.

通常用 of的词有brave、clever、careful、hopeless、kind、good、naughty、nice、silly、stupid、foolish、wise等。

（3）It is + 形容词 + that + sb. + (should) do sth.（虚拟语气）

能用于这个句型的形容词有strange、wonderful、natural、good、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunate、important、necessary、useless、likely、probable、impossible等。有时可省去should而直接用动词原形。如：

It is important that we should pay close attention to grain.

It is natural that he（should）say so.

（4）It is no use/ good + doing sth.

It is no use trying again = It is of no use to try again.

（5）It is + 被强调部分 + that/who + …

Was it in the street that you met her?

Who was it that called him“comrade”?

It was not until yesterday that I met my old friend.

It is in a small factory that my brother is going to work.（注意上述各句均为强调句型的“考点”）

比较：It is a small factory where my brother is going to work.（定语从句）

（6）It is said/reported/announced/ (well) known … that…

（7）It is/was + 时间 + since … 从……已多久了。

It is three years since I met him in Beijing.

It was a long time since I (had) lived in that small mountain village with these farmers.（注意两句中的时态）

It is five months since I arrived in New York.我到纽约已经五个月了。

It is five months since I was in New York.我离开纽约已经五个月了。

（注意：终止性动词表示从动作发生时算起；如果是状态动词或持续性动词，则从动作或状态结束时算起。）

（8）It is + 时间 + before …

这个句型和上面句型中时间都是时间段，如long、years、months、weeks、five days、three hours、twenty minutes等。不过主句的时态多用一般将来时或一般过去时。

It will be several years before we meet again.

我们要过好几年才能再见面。

It was not long before they set out for the front.

不久他们就出发去了前线。

（9）It is /was/will be the first/second/third … time that …

It is the first time that I have been here.

It was the second time that he had seen the film.

（10）It is up to sb. to do sth … 应由某人做某事。

It is up to you to decide whether we start or not.

二、精典名题导解

选择填空

1. _________ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET 1995)

A.There B.This C.That D.It

解析：答案为D。本题考查作形式主语的用法。that引导的从句是真正的主语。为避免头重脚轻而平衡句子结构，将it置于句首作形式主语。

2. I hope there are enough glasse for each guest to have ________.(NMET 1995)

A.it B.those C.them D.one

解析：答案为D。本题考查替代词it和one的区别。it用于替代同类的、特定的、同一的事物；one替代同类的、泛指的人或物。根据题意“我希望有足够的杯子使每个客人有一个。”可知应用one泛指enough glasses中的一个。

3. Was __________ that I saw last night at the concert?

A.it you B.not you C.you D.that yourself

解析：答案为A。本题考查强调句型的疑问式。只须将句序变为陈述句便不难得出答案。

三、专项训练

1.Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?

A.that B.while C.in which D.then (88)

2.Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?

A.this B.that C.it D.he (89)

3.I don’t think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.

A.this B.that C.itsD.it (91)

4.Does ______ matter if he can’t finish the job on time?

A.this B.that C.heD.it (91)

5.It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.

A.when , that B.until , that C.until , that D.when , then (92)

6.I was disappointed with the film . I had expected ______ to be much better.

A.that B.thisC.one D.it (93)

7.It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.

A.while B.which C.that D.since (94)

8.______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

A.There B.ThisC.That D.It (95)

9.It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.

A.until B.thatC.then D.so(97)

10.I hate_____when people talk with their mouths full.

A.it B.that C.these D.them (98)

11.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.

A.one B.thatC.what D.it

参考答案

1-5 ACDDB 6-10 DCDBA 11 B

篇9：高考英语第二轮总复习讲座之十二(人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计)

Unit12 定语从句

一、考点聚焦

1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语

2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后

Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please.

3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词

（1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。

（2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点：

①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。

This is the place which is worth visiting.

②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。

There are many places we can visit（them）in China.

4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词

关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。

关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。

5、确定关系词的步骤

（1）先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。

（2）看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。

6、在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用that而不用which

（1）先行词被①形容词最高级 ②序数词 ③数词几种词修饰或被 ④only、any、few、little、no、all、one of等修饰时。

（2）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。

（3）先行词中既有人又有物时。

He was looking pleasantly at te children and parcels that filled his bus.

（4）先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。

The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.

（5）当主句中含有疑问词which时。

Which are the books that you bought for me ?

7、宜用which而不用that的情况

（1）在非限制性定语从句中

（2）在关系词前有介词时

（3）当先行词本身是that时

（4）当关系词离先行词较远时

8、关系词who与that指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词

（1）当主句是there be句型时，关系词用who。

（2）先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时，关系词用who。

（3）当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用that。

Who is that girl that is standing by the window?

（4）whom在从句中只作宾语，可被who取代。

9、whose作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。如：

Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving ?

There is a room, whose window faces the river.

There is a room, the window of which faces the river.

10、关系代词as,在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。

（1）先行词被such和the same修饰，或句型as many（much）中，从句都用as 引导。

Such books as you bought are useful.

The school is just the same as it was 10 years age.

注意：区别①such … that … 引导的结果状语从句。They are such

lovely children that we love them much.②the same … that … 引导定语从句。I want to use the same tool that you used just now.

（2）无先行词的定语从句用as和which引导。

区别：①意义上：as 含有“这点正如……一样”。②位置上：as 从句可置句首，也可在另处。

He didn’t pass the exam, as we had expected.

There is lots of air in loose snow, which can keep the cold out.

As is known, the earth is round, not flat.

11、关系副词when与where、why、that

when 指时间 = in / at / on / during which

where指地点 = in / at / from / which

why指原因 = for which

当先行词为way、day、reason、time时，可用that作关系副词。（非正式场合）

I don’t like the way that / in which / he talks.

当time作先行词时，关系词可以省掉。

This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.

12、必须注意的问题

（1）关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。

（2）注意区别定语从句与强调句。

①定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。

②强调it无意义，that / who不是引导词。

③强调it is / was和that / who后如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。

It is the museum that / which we visited last year.(定语从句)

It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（强调句）

（3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

①定语从句引导词被称为关系词，that充当主语、宾语、表语。有时可省略。

②同位语从句引导词被叫做连词，that不能充当任何成分，不可省。

Word came that their army was defeated.(同位语)

We expressed to them our wish that was the same as their.(定语)

（4）关系词在从句中省略的情况。

①关系词作宾语，前无介词时。

②关系词作表语。

（5）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的翻译。

（6）关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是which和whom。

（7）几个特殊的定语从句句型：

①He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks

in the match.（句中one为先行词）

He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.（句中students为先行词）

②Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday?

Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ?

③He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening.

④It may rain, in which case the match will be put off.

二、精典名题导解

选择填空

1. The film brought the hours back to me _________ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.（NMET ）

A.until B.that C.when D.where

解析：答案为C。本题考查分隔定语从句的关系词的选择。作好本题的关键是要能辨认出该定语从句的先行词the hours和关系词被介词短语to me所分隔。定语从句的先行词是表时间的名词hours, 并且关系词在从句中用作状语，故应选择表示时间的关系副词when。

2. ___________ is known to everybody, the noon travels around the earth once every month.(NMET 2001)

A.It B.As C.That D.What

解析：答案为B。本题考查as引导的非限制定语从句。as作“正如……”解时，引导的非限制性定语从句来修饰整个句子。当as在从句中作主语时，常用于下列短语：as is known、as is said、as is reported、as is announced等。要注意掌握作关系代词引导定语从句的用法。

3. After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ___________ he grew up as a child.(NMET )

A.which B.where C.that D.when

解析：答案为B。本题考查限制性定语从句中关系词的选择。定语从句的先行词是表示地点的名词短语the small town, 且关系词不作定语从句中的主语和宾语而作地点状语，因此定语从句必须用关系副词where引导。要注意分清先行词在从句中充当的成分，然后选择适当的关系词。

三、专项训练

1. Is there anything else______you want to say?

A.which B.that C.it D.who

2. The last place______we visited was the Palace Museum.

A.where B.which C.that D.what

3. The railway tunnel,through______the train goes,will be completed soon.

A.which B.it C.whom D.that

4. Next month,______you'll be in yor hometown,is coming.

A.which B.that C.when D.where

5. He wanted to know the time______he needed to know.

A.when B.that C.where D.what

6. John got beaten in the game,______had been expecte D.

A.that B.what C.who D.as

7. I don't know the reason______he didn't come this morning.

A.which B.for what C.which D.that

8. This is one of the best books______this year.

A.have been published B.that have published

C.that have been published D.which has been published

9. I'll never forget the day______I received your invitation.

A.in which B.on that C.when D.which

10. The plane______she was travelling was delayed by the rain.

A.which B.on which C.for which D.where

11. I want to buy such a dictionary______he is using.

A.that B.which C.as D.what

12. When you read the book,you'd better make a mark______you have any questions.

A.at which B.the place where C.at where D.where

13. In his will,the old man offered everything______he had to the country.

A.that B.what C.whatever D.which

14. All______is needed is a supply of oil.

A.the thing B.that C.what D.which

15. The weather turned out to be very good,______was more than we could expect.

A.what B.that C.which D.if

16. The only language______is easy to learn is the mother tongue.

A.which B.whose C.if D.that

17. Is this the museum______they visited last month?

A.the one B.when C.where D.which

18. You may see any film______this afternoon.

A.that you interest B.that interests you

C.which you are interested D.which interests you

19. In this strange city,there wasn't single person______she could turn for help.

A.who B.from whom C.to whom D.that

20. He paid the boy 50 yuan for washing cups,most of______had not been cleaned for at least two weeks.

A.these B.those C.that D.which

21. I don't like______you speak to your father.

A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which

22. The most important thing______we should pay attention to is the first thing______I have sai D.

A.which;that B.that;which C.which;which D.that;that

23. Father made a promise______I passed the exam he would buy me a bicycle.

A.if B.whether C.which D.that

24. Tom is the only one of the students______praised yesterday.

A.that were B.who was C.that is D.who were

25. -Who is it______has just come?

-It's John.

A.that B.who C.which D.what

26. This is the method______he solved the problem.

A.which B.that C.by which D.by that

27. “It is the college______your father studied when he was young,”said the mother pointing at a picture.

A.which B.that C.不填 D.where

28. There are 50 students in his class,______Peter is the most diligent.

A.of which B.among whom C.where D.in that

29. he invited me to dinner last Monday,______was very nice of him.

A.which B.it C.they D.this

30. This is our school library,in front of______there are some tall trees.

A.that B.what C.which D.it

31. This is the very man______spoke at the meeting this morning,______came from America.

A.who;that B.whom;whom C.that;who D.that;that

32. The dress______is blue belongs to Li Ping.

A.who's colour B.the colour of which

C.its colour D.the colour of whose

33. He is the only one of the people here______Japanese.

A.who know B.that speak C.who knew D.who speaks

34. He imagined various ways______he could teach her a lesson.

A.in which B.by which C.by what D.in what

35. His father studied hard at school when he was young,______led to his success in his life.

A.what B.that C.which D.so that

36. There were two small rooms in the beach home,______served as a kitchen.

A.the smallest of which B.the smaller of which

C.the smaller of them D.smallest of that

37. The temperature______ice changes to water is 0℃.

A.at where B.on which C.in which D.at which

38. Shakespeare is the greatest poet______England has ever ha D.

A.who B.whom C.不填 D.in

39. This is the man______.

A.I referred to B.who I referred to

C.whom I referred D.that I referred to

40. This test is for students______native language is not English.

A.that B.whose C.of whom D.which

参考答案

1-10 BCACB DACCB 11-20 CDABC DABCD

21-30 ADDBA CDBAC 31-40 CBDAC BDCAB

篇10：高考英语二轮复习辅导---非谓语动词教案(人教版高三英语教案教学设计)

[直击考纲]

1、考查贯穿各个高考各中题型。

2、非谓语动词的时态、语态和句法功能。

[热点综观]

1、知识图谱

时态 不定式

主动/被动 动名词

主动/被动 现在分词

主动/被动

一般时 to do / to be done doing / being done doing / being done

完成时 to have done /

to have been done having done / having been done having done / having been done

进行时 to be doing

完成进 行 to have been doing

2、重点难点

① 非谓语动词的否定式中not前置与非谓语动词。

② 非谓语动词在固定搭配中的使用。

③ 非谓语动词的时态语态在语境中的使用。

④ 动名词和不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。

⑤ 不定式中to的省略。

⑥ 不定式和动名词作结果状语、主语、宾语、宾补时含义上的区别。

⑦ 动名词的复合结构。

⑧ 独立主格结构的运用。

3、热点冷点

① 非谓语动词作不同句子成分的用法，寻找非谓语动词的逻辑主语来确定非谓语动词的形式。

② 非谓语动词在特定动词后面、词组中的搭配使用，尤其是用不定式和动名词作宾语的区别。

③ 状语从句省略为连词+非谓语动词结构。

④ 独立主格结构的构成、非谓语动词在独立主格结构中的形式、悬垂结构考查不多，应适当注意

[经典与原创]

[例1] （江西高考）

_____ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life.

A. Having given hope of cure

B. With no hope for cure

C. There being hope for cure

D. In the hope of cure

[互动] 本题考查根据句意正确选择状语。从后半句“病人寻求医生的帮助来结束生命”说明其原因是“没有治愈的希望”，由此判断A、C、D意思都不合题意，只有B表示否定“没有希望”，符合题意。

[答案]B

[小结]非谓语动词的考查往往考查结构，但也要注意句子前后的意思是否相符。

[例2] What is the way George thought of _____ enough money to buy the computer?

A. to get B. getting C. having got D. being got

[互动]考查学生突破定向思维的能力的同时考查非谓语动词用法。解本题的关键在于要看出题干中的“非直接相邻”现象，不能看到of就认为后面应该跟动名词，而要意识到George thought of是the way的第一个定语，第二个定语是个动词不定式，被George thought of隔开了，应该是“George想到的得到足够的钱买电脑的办法”。

[答案]A

[小结] 出题者有意把两个看似完全不相干的词放在一起作为选项，或者让题干中的词与选项中的词的搭配看上去完全不相干，有时出题人把宾语提前，使谓语与其他成分相连，这种情况在测试题中比较常见，解这些题目要打破定向思维。

[高考面对面]

1. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _____ whether he was going in the right direction.

A. seeing B. having seen

C. to have seen D. to see

2. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _____ in a year.（2005湖南高考）

A. follows B. followed

C. to follow D. being followed

3. ---- You should have thanked her before you left.

---- I meant _____, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.

A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing to

4. When we got back home, I saw a message pinned to the door _____ “Sorry to miss you. I’ll call late.”

A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading

5. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.

A. settled B. settling

C. to settle D. being settled

6. Prices of daily goods _____ through a computer can be lower than store prices.

A. are bought B. bought

C. been bought D. buying

7. The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well _____.（2005湖北高考）

A. to spend B. spent

C. being spent D. spending

8. With his money _____, he couldn’t go home.

A. leaving B. missed

C. running out D. run out

9. He hurried to the hospital ____ his breakfast ____.

A. left; unfinished B. leaving; unfinished

C. leaving; unfinished D. left; unfinishing

10. _____ the children the way she does, Sue should become a teacher.

A. Liking B. Liked C. Like D. To like

11. Finding her car stolen, _____.

A. a policeman was asked to help

B. the area was searched thoroughly

C. it was looked for everywhere

D. she hurried to a policeman

12. _____ here in time, they came _____ all the way.

A. Getting; running B. To get; running

C. To get; to run D. Getting; to run

13. At the end of , there were around 3,000 foreign printing companies in China, _____ up around 2 percent of national total.

A. made B. to make C. making D. having made

14. The doctor examined him carefully, only _____ his illness was serious.

A. find B. to find C. finding D. found

15. Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _____ fun.（2005重庆高考）

A. had B. have C. to have D. having

16. To get a better view of the stage, _____.

A. our seats had to be changed

B. our seats were changed

C. we had to change our seats

D. we have to changed our seat

17. ---- What should I do with this passage?

---- _____ the main idea of each paragraph.（2005重庆高考）

A. Finding out B. Found out

C. Find out D. To find out

18. ---- Do you have anything more _____, sir?

---- No. You can have a rest or do something else.

A. typing B. to be typed C. typed D. to type

19. He let me repeat his instruction _____ sure that I understood what was _____ after he went away.

A. to make; to be done B. making; doing

C. to make; to do D. making; to do

20. You can never imagine what great trouble I have had _____ him to stop smoking.

A. persuading B. promising C. making D. having

21. _____ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.

A. The president will attend

B. The president to attend

C. The president attended

D. The president’s attending

22. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ______ it more difficult.

A. not make B. not to make

C. not making D. do not make

23. When _____ help, one often says “Thank you” or “It’s very kind of you”.（2005福建高考）

A. offering B. to offer

C. to be offered D. offered

24. I found the German language hard _____.

A. to learn B. to be learned

C. learning D. learned

25. He glanced over at her, _____ that though she was thin, she seemed very well put together.（2005广东高考）

A. noting B. noted

C. to note D. having noted

26. It had no other effect except _____ him all the anxieties.

A. make B. making C. to make D. made

27. ---- Can the project be finished as planned?

---- Sure, _____ it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.（2005福建高考）

A. having got B. to get

C. getting D. get

28. ---- Why haven’t you bought any butter?

---- I _____ to but I forgot all about it.

A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected.

29. He was reading a very interesting story, completely _____ to the outside world.

A. losing B. being lost

C. to be lost D. lost

30. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ____ the answers ready will be of great help.（2005北京高考）

A. To have had B. Having had

C. Have D. Having

31. The party was successful, but we thought it a pity not _____ you.

A. invite B. to invite

B. inviting D. to have invited

32. ---- Li Ming is said _____ abroad. Do you know what country he is in?

---- Yes, in Britain.

A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying

C. to have been studied

33. _____ here at the top of the mountain with no one else near you must be very lonely.

A. Live B. Living C. To live D. To be living

34. Wenhui Daily, a local newspaper in Hongkong, _____ on April 2nd that the famous singer and actor Zhang Guorong killed himself the day before.

A. writing B. wrote C. saying D. said

35. The military actions against Iraq, _____ despite opposition from most countries and people across the world, broke the international law.

A. turned out B. carried out

C. coming out D. taking out

36. The water tower _____ now near the broadcasting station is _____ soon.

A. to be put up; completed

B. being put up; to be completed

C. to be put up; being completed

D. being put up; being completed

37. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _____ at the party, but not _____.（2005北京高考）

A. to arrive; leaving B. to arrive; to leave

C. arriving; leaving D. arriving; to leave

38. I carefully poured the liquid into the water, my classmates _____ anxiously beside me to see what would happen.

A. stood B. standing C. to stand D. were standing

39. Mr. Smith flew to New York this morning, his assistant ______ him there this Saturday.

A. joining B. to join

C. will join D. wants to join

40. _____ and out of breath, we reached the top of the mountain and stopped _____ the beautiful scenery.

A. Tiring; to admire B. Being tired; admiring

C. Tired; to admire D. Tired; admiring

41. _____ around Tian’anmen Square, the tourists were taken to visit the Palace Museum.

A. Showing B. Having shown

C. Being shown D. Having been shown

42. Unfortunately he fell over some bricks _____ lying on the ground.

A. left B. having left C. leaving D. to leave

43. They were not yet aware of the hopelessness of their situation, _____ the lack of fresh water on the lifeboat.

A. giving B. given C. to give D. being given

44. ____ with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice. （2005北京春招）

A. To face B. Having faced

C. Faced D. Facing

45. ---- Shall we discuss the problem at the meeting today?

---- We’d better not. _____, the problem isn’t so burning. What’s more, the manager won’t be back until tomorrow.

A. Begun with B. Beginning with

C. To begin with D. Being begun with

46. The world Trade Organization finally opened its door to China on November 10, _____ a 15-year wait.

A. to end B. ended C. ending D. ends

47. The village seemed deserted, the only sign of life _____ an ugly-looking goat tied to a tree in a field nearby.

A. is B. being C. was D. be

48. It was _____ computer games that took the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons.

A. to have played B. playing

C. played D. having played

49. _____ on a park bench and _____ the brightly colored leaves _____ gently to the ground, he felt at peace with the world.

A. Sitting; watching; fall B. To sit; watch; falling

C. Sitting; watching; to fall

D. To sit; watching; falling

50. ---- What do you think made the girl so glad?

---- _____ a beautiful necklace.

A. As she received B. Receiving

C. Received D. Because of receiving

51. What do you think _____ to make himself _____?

A. Bob will say; believe B. will Bob say; believe

C. Bob will say; believed D. will Bob say; believe

52. How many of us _____, say, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?

A. attended B. to attended C. attending

D. have attended

53. A new garden, _____ near our school, will be under construction soon.

A. said to have been built B. said to be built

C. said to be building D. said to build

54. With the weather conditions _____, they flew to London immediately.

A. considered B. considering

C. to consider D. to be considered

55. _____ Sunday, rather than _____ at home, I preferred _____.

A. It being; stay; to travel

B. Being; to stay; to travel

C. Having been; stay; travel

D. It was; to stay; traveling

56. UN Secretary General Kofi Annan points out that, _____, the situation will get worse and worse in the Middle East.

A. if not dealing with properly

B. if not properly dealt with

C. unless dealing with properly

D. until properly dealt with

57. I am sorry. I can’t help ______ the floor of the waiting room.

A. swept B. sweeping C. to sweep D. to sweeping

[高考猜想]

58. People in developed countries are supposed _____ more healthy food before than they have today.

A. to be having B. to have C. having

D. to have had

专题10 单项填空 非谓语动词

1-5. DCBDC 6-10. BBCBA 11-15. DBCBA 16-20. CDBAA 21-25. DBAAA 26-30. CBCDC

31-35. DCBDB 36-40. BABBC 41-45. DBBCC 46-50. CBBAB 51-55. CCBAA 56-58. BCD

1. 考查非谓语动词在固定句型中的使用。as if后面可直接跟不定式，但不能接动词-ing形式，故排除A、B两项，而动词不定式的完成时表示过去完成了的动作，不合本题意，因此也可排除。as if = as though“好象”，后跟宾语从句时可根据具体情况使用陈述语气或虚拟语气。

2. 此题考查谓语动词与非谓语动词的辨析，还要理清句子结构。that前是个主句，that引导的是个定语从句，其先行词是a site，在定语从句中many people think是插入语，空格处是谓语部分。插入语经常被出题人放在题目中，使句子复杂化，增加句子的难度，做题时可以把插入语去掉，便于理解句子结构。

3. 本题在考查非谓语动词的同时，考查mean的用法。mean后面既可以跟动名词也可以跟不定式做宾语。mean to do表示“打算做某事”，而mean doing“意味着（做）某事”，还要注意meant过去式表示过去的打算或有意的行为，肯定式表示过去未能实现的计划或打算，而否定式表示过去并非有意要做的事情。本题意思是“我想跟她道谢来着，但走的时候没找到她”，简略回答时，不定式后的动词可省。mean还有“卑鄙的；吝啬的”之意，是阅读中常见的一个词，如：a mean trick（卑劣的把戏）。

4. 考查非谓语动词做定语的用法。表示文字材料上“写着…”或仪表仪器上面的“读数是…”，常用read或say，是及物动词。在本题中reading做message的后置定语，中间的pinned to the door是saw复合结构中的宾补。pin to“钉在…上”，用介词to，类似的有tie to, fasten to“系在…上；拴在…上”

5. 考查非谓语动词作宾补。with后面跟复合结构作状语，宾语a lot of difficult problems与宾补settle之间是动宾关系，在此结构中用不定式的主动表示被动。本句意思是“有许多难题要解决，新当选的总统日子不好过”。如用with a lot of difficult problems settled则表示“许多问题已经解决”。

6. 考查句子结构和非谓语动词的用法。分析句子可见已有谓语动词can be，因此排除A，然后应该知道是考查非谓语动词做后置定语，看被修饰的词daily goods与动词buy之间是被动关系，因此排除D，因为过去分词做定语时本身已表示被动，因此不再需要被动结构，故再排除C。

7. 考查非谓语动词及其逻辑主语。分词做状语时，要与句子的主语是逻辑上的主谓关系，除非是独立主格结构。句中分词putting的逻辑主语是Nancy。put away“收拾好；把收起来”，give away“赠送”。

8. 考查非谓语动词做宾语补足语。with后面接复合宾语结构，本题中应该用现在分词作宾补，因为his money与run out之间是主动关系，run out“用完；耗尽”。表示“用尽；用完”的还有give out，无被动，如：Both my strength and money gave out.

9. 本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句中的谓语动词是hurried，且后面没有其它连词，故不能有两个谓语动词，因此left不可能是过去时，而应该是过去分词，故排除A、D两项。其次还考查了leave+宾语+宾补，unfinish与break之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾补。

10. 本题考查非谓语动词做状语的情况。从句意可知“Sue如此喜欢小孩子，她应该成为一名教师”，首先排除C，动词原形不能做状语，再排除D，因为“做教师”不是为了“喜欢孩子”，而不定式做状语常表示目的，最后排除B，因为like与句子的主语Sue之间是主动关系，不能用过去分词。

11. 非谓语动词做状语时，一定要注意其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，否则就是个错句。题干中的状语Finding的逻辑主语是车主she，因此完全可以一下子排除A、B、C。

12. 考查不定式和现在分词作状语时的不同含义。“他们一路奔跑，为的是及时赶到这里”，不定式作目的状语，现在分词作伴随状语。

13. 分析句子结构可知逗号后面应该是个结果状语，因此排除D，再看make与foreign printing companies之间是主谓关系，make当然用主动形式，故排除A，因为动词不定式做状语常表示意外的结果，故排除B，所以句中的making up around 2 percent of national total = which make up…这样一个非限定性定语从句。再如：

European football is played in 80 countries, _____ it the most popular sport in the world.

A. making B. makes C. made D. to make

答案A

14. 不定式作状语和动名词作结果状语意义是不同的。不定式作状语常表示意外的结果，而动名词常表示自然的结果。本句意思是“医生仔细给他检查了，发现他的病很严重”。再如：He got to the station only _____ the train had gone.

A. and told B. telling C. told D. to be told

答案D

15. 解析 what he could后省略了do，what引导的是宾语从句。不定式to help作目的状语，表示“尽力帮助某人”经常用do what one can to help sb.或do all/everything (that) one can to help sb.

16. 当不定式做状语时，不定式的逻辑主语应该与句子的主语一致，因此可以排除A、B两项，至于D，have to后面应该跟动词原形。

17. 本题考查不定式作目的状语。本句有make use of的被动语态，要突破定向思维，不能以为空格处是个of的宾语。本句的主动式是：We must make full use of every minute to do our lessons.

18. 在have something to do句型中，不定式与其修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系，同时又与句中的另一名词或代词有主谓关系，这时，不定式要用主动表示被动，如You need something to eat中的不定式是to eat是由you发出的动作，是主谓关系，用主动表被动。然而，当找不到能与不定式构成主谓关系的主语时，就要用被动式，如题干中，由上下文可知，第一句中的you并非type的主语，因此用被动，再如I’m going home. Do you have anything to be taken home?也是如此，take的主语不是you。

19. 考查动词不定式。选项中有两个是不定式，两个是现在分词，题干中“他让我重复他的说明来确信我知道他离开后要做些什么事”，因此前面的空格缺少的是动作的目的而不是伴随状态，很容易就排除B、D两项，后半句的主语what是要做的事情，动词不定式应该用被动形式。be to结构表示将来的动作，有“计划、打算、命令、义务、命中注定”之意。

20. 考查对固定词组在复杂句子结构中使用。本题考查的是固定词组have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth.这一用法，难点是这一词组在题干中进行了变形，trouble提前做了先行词，而have放在了后面的定语从句中作了谓语，但结构的搭配和用法没有改变，相当于I have had great trouble persuading him to stop smoking，其次动词persuading表示“说服”，强调结果，C、D是搭配错误，其后不能用带to的动词不定式做宾补，promising是意思不符合题意。try to persuade = advice“尽力去说服（但不一定成功）”

21. 考查对句子结构的分析能力。分析句子成分可知，题干中的主语尚未完整，先排除A、C两项，因为陈述句作主语时得用That来引导，构成主语从句。再排除B，因为这是个由不定式作后置定语的名词，而句子的意思是“总统亲自参加会议（这件事）让大家深受鼓舞”，因此主语应该是个事件，只有D项动名词短语在结构和意义上都适合这个句子。that引导名词性从句时，除宾语从句外，都不能省。

22. 考查动词不定式做表语。从结构上看有两个不定式做表语，而且逻辑上是转折意义，因此，后面一个用否定形式。with/for the purpose of“以…为目的”，on purpose“故意”

23. 考查不定式符号to后面动词的省略现象。有时为了避免重复，可以用to来代替前面的不定式，这种情况还常出现在下列动词后：expect, prefer, care, mean, forget, want, wish, hope, try以及be glad/happy等后面。但如果在省略的不定式结构中有be, have, have been等词，这些词要保留，如：

---- Are you on holidays? ---- No, but I ‘d like to.

---- I didn’t tell him the news. ---- Oh, you ought to have.

本题把答语补全就是No, even though I am invited to go.然后根据语法规则变成省略句，将I am和不定式符号后的部分省略。even though = even if“即使”，as though = as if“好像”。

24. 本题考查动词不定式的主动表被动这一用法。当动词不定式作后置定语时，不定式的动词与前面所修饰的名词之间有动宾关系，又与该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式主动表被动；不定式作表语形容词的状语，和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，也要主动表被动。本题属于后者。另一结构：I find it hard to do…，其中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。

25. prove后既可跟不定式to be，又可直接跟形容词作表语。而选项B在时态上不合要求。其次，本题中的it是确指某一事物，而不是形式主语，因此prove在这里是系动词的用法，不用被动语态，而如果it作形式主语，那么prove常用被动语态，如：It is proved to be true that this matter is difficult to deal with.

26. 当except、but、save、than、as等连词前面有do动词时，后面接不带to的动词不定式，否则，后面接带to的动词不定式。如：

I have no choice but to wait for him at the very place.

Yesterday he did nothing except see a film.

27. 有些动词，像ask ,tell, try, need, want, wish, expect, hope, like, hate, love, know, care, prefer, mean等，当不定式作它们的谓语、宾语、补语时，为避免重复，常省去与前面动词一致的动词原形，而保留不定式符号，如：

He can go if he wishes to.

I would mend your radio, but I don’t know how to.

28. liked, wished, meant和 expected 都可后接动词不定式作宾语，但从提供的情况分析，是打算买而没买，应填meant。mean to do sth.：打算做某事；mean doing sth：意味着做某事。

29. 过去分词表状态，整个分词短语作状语，对句子的动作作说明。A是及物动词转换来的现在分词，但缺宾语。B是现在分词的被动式，表动作在进行，意思不对；C是不定式，表示将要发生的动作，意思也不对。再如：

______ at failing in the math exam, John wouldn’t like to talk about it to his parents.

A. Disappointed B. To be disappointed C. Disappointing D. Having disappointed

答案A

30. burn在此是不及物动词“燃烧”，而lock是及物动词，因此分别用现在分词和过去分词作宾补和表语。

31. 根据题意是指过去的事情，因此用不定式的完成式来表示过去的动作。再如：

Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer. (NMET 1993)

A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented

答案C

32. 根据后面的he is in可以推断是指现在的动作或状态，因此不定式要用进行时，to be studying。

33. 分析句子结构可知本句已有谓语动词，但主语部分不完整，首先排除A，因为动词不能作主语，其次，动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语时表示一般或抽象的多次的行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。从本题来看主语是个抽象概念“独居山顶，周围没有一个人（这样的生活）”，因此用动名词living比较合适。D用的是不定式的进行时，表示正在进行的动作与句子意思不符。

34. 首先分析本题的句子结构，发现空格处应该是谓语动词，因此排除A、C。其次区别动词的含义，表示报纸、牌示、仪表盘等等“说；指示着”一般用say，因此选D。表示文字材料上“写着…”或仪表仪器上面的“读数是…”，还可用read，是及物动词。再如：

When we got back home, I saw a message pinned to the door ______ “Sorry to miss you. I’ll call later.”

A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading

答案D

35. 本题在辨析动词词组的同时考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知空格处并非谓语动词，而是作为主语the military actions的补充说明，“不顾世界上绝大多数国家和人民的反对而进行”，根据意思应该用carry out，而turn out“结果是”，come out“出来；（真相）大白；出版”等，take out“取出”，这三个选项都不合题意。carried out = which were carried out非限定性定语从句。

36. 根据句中的now，可以断定the water tower是正在进行建造，而且是被动语态，应该用现在分词的被动语态，而谓语动词部分是be to结构表示将来时，to后面是不定式的被动语态，因为complete和the water tower之间是动宾结构，而the water tower是主语。动词不定式作定语通常表示尚未进行的动作，而现在分词作定语表示正在进行或已经发生的动作。再如：

If the building project ______ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.

A. to be completed B. is completed C. being completed D. completed

答案A

37. 根据句子意思“这种病如果不治疗的话能导致彻底失明”。if left untreated = if it is left untreated，是状语从句中的省略现象。

一般来说，省略现象出现于五种状语从句中

when, while, as, before, after, till, until, once等引导的时间状语从句

if, unless, whether等引导的条件状语从句

though, although, even if, whatever等引导的让步状语从句

as, than引导的比较状语从句

as, as if, as though引导的方式状语从句

遵循的原则

当从句与主句的主语或宾语一致，且从句谓语为be时，可将从句主语及be省略。

当从句的主语是it，且从句谓语含有be时，可将it及be省略。

当so或not代替上文内容，此时可有if + so/not句式

常见的结构

连词(as, as if, once)+名词

连词(though, whether, when)+形容词

连词(whether, as if, while)+介词短语

连词(when, while, though)+现在分词

连词(when, if, even if, unless, once, until, than, as)+过去分词

连词(as if, as though)+不定式

e.g. Once (he was) a teacher, he now works in a government office.

Work hard when (you are) young, or you’ll regret.

He looked everywhere as if (he was) in search of something.

While (I was) walking along the street, I heard my name called.

The exhibition is more interesting than (it was) expected.

He opened his lips as if (he were) to speak.

Her father told her to be careful when (she was) crossing the street.

Unless (it is) necessary, you’d better not refer to the dictionary.

Get up early tomorrow. If not (= If you don’t get up early), you will miss the first bus.

He may not be at home then, if so (= if he is not at home), leave him a note.

38. 本题考查独立主格结构。独立主格结构是由“逻辑上的主语+逻辑上的谓语部分”构成。逻辑上的谓语包括：现在分词、过去分词、不定式短语、介词短语等。分析句子结构，句子的前半部分已经有了主谓宾，因此后半部分是作状语，又因为my classmates不是整个句子的主语，因此用现在分词的独立主格结构，因为stand的逻辑主语是my classmates。本句意思是“我小心地把液体倒进水中，我的同学们焦急地站在旁边等着看会有什么情况发生”。再如：

The girl in the snapshot was smiling sweetly, ______.

A. her long hair flowed in the breeze B. her long hair was flowing in the breeze

C. her long hairs were flowing in the breeze D. her long hair flowing in the breeze

答案D

39. 后半句是个独立主格结构， A项表示正在进行的动作，不符题意；B项表示将要发生的动作，是正确答案；C、D是后半部分成了句子，但又缺少连词，故均错了。

40. 前半部分是形容词化了的过去分词tired和介词短语out of breath作状语，后面是不定式作目的状语。

41. 本题“被带领着参观了天安门广场，游客们又被带着去参观了颐和园”，强调动作发生的先后顺序，因此用完成时较合适，而且是被动语态。

42. 分析句子结构可以知道some bricks后面应该是个定语，leave后面可以跟复合宾语，leave sb./sth. doing表示“使某人/某物保持某种动作/状态”，本题中的some bricks是leave的宾语，因此过去分词作定语表示被动，而且用完成时态来表示动作发生在fell over这一动作之前，having left = which have been left。再如：

Taj majal, ______ by Shah Jahan for his wife, is thought to be one of the great architectural wonders of the world.

A. being built B. was built C. to have been built D. built

答案D

43. 过去分词given可以引导一个短语，通常在句中作状语，意思为：“在…的情况下，考虑到…”，相当于Considering …短语作状语。类似的还有Judging by, Generally speaking等，这种结构叫悬垂结构。如：

_____ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.

A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given

答案：A

再如：Given his poor English, it’s better to let him live with the foreign students.

44. “陷入沉思”deep in thought，因此排除B、D，“看到某人坐着”see sb. sitting或see sb. seated，因为sit是不及物动词，seat是及物动词，常用seat oneself。

45. 根据上下文的意思，这个问题最好不要在今天的会议上讨论，因为该问题不是那么burning“紧急；要紧”， to begin with通常用来陈述理由，表示“首先；第一”。

46. 动名词结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。

47. 分析句子结构发现句子的主、谓、宾已经齐备，那么空格处应该是状语的一部分，只有being是非谓语动词，在这里是现在分词的独立主格结构。

48. 这是个强调句，动名词短语是被强调的主语，表示一般性的或抽象的行为。

49. 分析句子成分知道句子的前半部分是状语，sitting和watching是and连接的两个状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语he，第三个空格则是watch复合宾语中的不带to的不定式作宾补。

50. 根据提问的疑问代词what，因此答语部分应该是个能作主语的短语或句子，只有receiving合适。

51. 本句前半部分是个双重疑问句，用宾语从句的语序，后半部分的不定式to make是目的状语，make后面用过去分词作宾补，因为believe与himself之间是被动关系，本句意思是“你认为Bob会说些什么来使大家相信他？”。

52. 首先要理清句子结构，因为较为复杂，我们可以将其简单化变成How many of us would be interested in the discussion?那么us后面应该是个定语，say是个插入语，出席会议的我们us attending a meeting，而meeting后面又是一个that引导的定语从句。

53. said过去分词短语作主语a new garden的补充说明，从will be under construction soon可知a new garden尚未开始，因此A、C用的不定式时态错误，D的语态错误。

54. 本句with结构中应该用过去分词作宾补，因为consider和the weather conditions之间是被动关系，“考虑到天气原因”。

55. 理顺句子结构和语序是解题的关键。考查prefer to do… rather than do…结构，本句中rather than前置了，但搭配不变，因此可以排除B、C、D，It being Sunday是独立主格作原因状语。

56. 状语从句的省略形式，if not properly dealt with = if it isn’t properly dealt with。详见37题解释。再如：

When ______ about her result of the English exam, the girl ______.

A. asked; burst into tears B. being asked; burst into laughter

C. he was asked; kept crying D. asked; kept her word

答案A

57. 考查相似短语或搭配的含义及使用。有时同学们会牢记一些特殊的词组和搭配而忽视最基本的用法，本题就是一例。can’t help doing和can’t help but do是两个较特殊的词组，意思是“不由得；不得不”，如果没有仔细审题就受到这两个词组的影响，那么很有可能会选B，而实际上本题考查的是help的基本用法help to do“帮忙做某事”。help作为动词，还有“有帮助；（药物等）有效；缓和”，如：

Crying won’t help, you know.

This medicine will help (your headache).

58. 本题结合动词搭配考查非谓语动词。后面的before说明应该用不定式的完成时来表示过去的动作。本句意思是“有人认为，发达国家的人们过去比现在有更健康的食物”。

篇11：Unit 1 of Module 10 Project－A gift for the future(新课标版高考复习英语下册教案教学设计)

班级 姓名 学号 时间 评价

Learning Aims:

1. Read the text to learn more about the importance of sustainable development.

2. Learn some language points in the text

Important and difficult points:

Master the meanings and usages of some words and phrases, such as increase to, contribute to…

Learning procedures:

Part One－Self-exploration

I. Key phrases to remember

1. in the next several decades 在未来数十年 2. set alarm bells ringing 敲响警钟

3. systematic destruction 蓄意破坏 4. focus on 关注

5. improve standards of living 提高生活水平6. at a high rate 以高速

7. fossil fuels 矿物燃料 8. contribute to 促成

9. run out 枯竭/耗尽 10. push for 努力争取

11. in the foreseeable future 在可预见的未来 12. become conscious of 意识到

13. take tentative steps 采取初步措施 14. sustainable development 可持续发展

15. renewable energy sources 可再生能源 16. alternative energy source 替代能源

17. one possible solution to sth 一个可能的解决方案

18. put sth into practice 将…付诸实施

II. Fast reading

1. What is the gift for the future?

Renewable resources for sustainable development.

2. What do you think of the development in the past?

It polluted the environment and wasted natural resources.

3. Why should we put sustainable development into practice?

Because without sustainable development, our future and the lives of our children and our grandchildren will be in danger.

III. Enjoy the following sentences and fill in each blank with a proper word.

1. In the next several decades, it is believed that (据相信) the world’s population will increase to (增长到) about nine billion people.

2. This should set alarm bells ringing (敲响警钟) because the bare fact (简单的事实) is that, in order for everyone to survive (生存), serious changes need to be made in global development (全球发展方面).

3. This is a simple idea, but one which is hard to put into practice (付诸实践). However, it is something that we must do because without sustainable development (可持续发展), our future and the lives of our children and our grandchildren will be in danger(处于危险中).

4. We are currently consuming (目前正消耗) fossil fuels at a much higher rate(以快得多的速度) than they are being produced. If this continues, some people believe that oilfields and coal seams will run out(耗尽) in the foreseeable future(在可预见的未来).

5. The introduction of programmes (项目的引进) like these will hopefully help end the systematic destruction (结束蓄意破坏) of the environment and see renewable energy promoted (被推广) around the world.

IV. Fill in the blanks according to the text.

V. Reading comprehension

1. Why are alternative sources becoming increasing popular? A

A. Because they’re renewable and there’s no pollution to the environment.

B. Because they can bee used without running out in a long period of time.

C. Because they cause less environmental pollution than fossil fuels do.

D. Because they’re more available than fossil fuels.

2. The passage mainly talks about B .

A. how to make use of fossil fuels and some renewable energy sources

B. the importance of sustainable development and some renewable energy sources

C. the introduction to some fossil fuels and some renewable energy sources

D. the fact that renewable energy sources are replacing fossil fuels in most fields

VI. Self-study f important and difficult language points.

1.［原句回放］In the next several decades, it is believed that the world’s population will increase to about nine billion people.句子中的it is believed that …的意思是人们相信/据信，it为形式主语，that 引导真正的主语从句。可以改为: The world’s population is believed to increase to about nine billion people in the next several decade.与此同类的还有：It be said/supposed/reported/known/thought…＋that-clause =从句的主语＋be＋said/supposed/reported/known/thought＋to do/to be doing/to have done（不定式的三种时态)；句中increase to意思是增加到，increase by意思是增加了。小试牛刀！

1) -Is Bob still performing? （B级）

-I’m afraid not. He is said C the stage already as he has become an official.

A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left

2) Robert is said C abroad, but I don't know what country he studies in. （B级）

A. to have studied B．to study C．to be studying D．to have been studying

3) It has been estimated that the earth’s surface temperature has increased B one quarter to three quarters of a degree since 1850.ぃ–级）

A. to B. by C. at D. with

2.［原句回放］This should set alarm bells ringing because the bare fact is that, in order for everyone to survive, serious changes need to be made in global development. 该句是个复合句，含有because 引导的原因状语从句，that引导表语从句。句中短语set alarm bells ringing的意思是敲响警钟，习语alarm bells ring或者alarm bells start ring都是“警钟敲响，发出危险信号”的意思；set sb/sth doing的意思是使（引起）…做某事。小试牛刀！

1) Her manner immediately set everyone C ease. （B级）

A. to feel B. felt C. feeling D. to be felt

3.［原句回放］This is a simple idea, but one which is hard to put into practice. 句子中的one指代a simple idea，是同位语（成分），再跟一个which 引导的定语从句，修饰代词one；put… into practice意为将…付诸于实践 此处不用被动。

［拓展］practice (n.)----practise/-ce(v.)----practical(adj.) 熟能生巧 Practice makes perfect.

惯例common prectice；实际上in practice；练习做某事practise doing小试牛刀！

1) Liu Xiang’s breaking the record in the Asian Games was an exciting moment, B all of us will never forget. （B级）

A. that B. one C. it D. what

2) Meeting my uncle after so many years is an unforgettable experience, C I will always treasure. （C级）

A what B that C which D 不填

4.［原句回放］Carbon dioxide contributes to air, water and soil pollution and causes global warming and acid rain. 句子中的contribute to意为促成…，to的词性是介词 ，同意的动词及动词短语有cause, lead to, result in, bring about；contribute (sth) to的其他意思有出（钱、力、主意等），投稿，捐赠、贡献。

contribution (n.) 贡献 ；make a contribution/contributions to 小试牛刀！

1）她的著作极有助于我们对这个困难问题的了解。

Her work has contributed enormously to our understanding of this difficult subject.

2）We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only C violence. （B级）

A. runs into B. comes from C. contributes to D. begins with

Part Two－Self-assessment

I. Translate the following into English

1. 仔细制定出计划后, 我们将其付诸实施了。(put …into practice)

After carefully preparing our plan, we put it into practice.

2. 科学家正进行实验，争取获得疾病的长期解决方法。 (push for)

Scientists are doing experiments, pushing for a long-term cure for the diesase.

3. 你们别无选择, 只能杀出一条路来。(alternative)

You have no alternative but to fight a way out.

II. Multiple choice

B 1. -Oh, dear, don't sleep any longer; we will run out of the time. -Do you mean ______?

A. time will run out of B. time will run out

C. time will use up D. time will be given out

B 2. Scientists are trying to develop a special material, ______ they will make use of in space.

A. it B. one C. that D. what

D 3. The peasant’s white teeth ______ his black face.

A. cover with B. smooth over C. stand out D. show off

C 4. Franklin’s being good at learning from observations and experiences______ greatly to his success in political life.

A. owed B. addicted C. contributed D. related

A 5. That big company is ______ heavy debt and its financial problems ______ alarm bells ringing in big cities all over the world.

A. in; have set B. under; are setting C. under; have fixed D. in; are fixing

篇12：届高考英语顶尖学案：新课标人教版Unit 2 Poems 诗歌(新课标版高考复习英语下册教案教学设计)

核心词汇

1．A great many people expressed their ____________(伤心)when they learned of the victims of the Yushu earthquake.

2．We had many difficulties at first，but ____________(最后)we succeeded.

3．We should make a ____________(灵活的)plan in case of any unexpected changes.

4. Supporting such a large family is a heavy ____________(负担)for him.

5．I think it isn’t ____________ (适当的)for you to attend the party in such a casual coat.

6．It’s not surprising that young people nowadays follow new ____________(模式)of living.

7．Never will I forget the ideas and thoughts we ____________(交换)at college.

8．You have helped me so much that no words can ____________(传达)my thanks.

9．用translate的适当形式填空

(1)The disabled lady decided on a career as a ____________and has ____________ hundreds of books from English into Chinese so far.

(2)Her ____________ of some great works is popular among young people.

10．用end的适当形式填空

(1)-How did the story ____________？

-Just like most romantic stories，it had a happy ____________.

The prince killed the monster and saved the princess in the ____________ and they lived happily ever after.

(2)I can’t put up with his ____________complaints any more.

1. sorrow 2.eventually 3.flexible 4.load 5.appropriate 6.patterns 7.exchanged 8.convey 9.(1)translator；translated (2)translation 10.(1)end；ending；end (2)endless

高频短语

1．________________ 有意义

2．________________ 熬夜，不睡觉；挺立

3．________________ 轻松；不紧张；从容

4．________________ 用完

5．________________ (多用于被动结构)构成

6．________________ 转化成，改造为

7．________________ 尤其；特别

8．________________ 去远足

9．________________ 测试；试验

10．________________ 发出；放走

1.make sense 2.stay up 3.take it easy 4.run out of 5.make up of 6.transform into 7.in particular 8.go for a hike 9.try out 10.let out

重点句式

1．There are __________________________people write poems.

人们写诗有许多原因。

2．________ the traveller return，this stone would utter speech.

行人归来石应语。

3．Do you think the speaker in the poem ________________ be a girlfriend/boyfriend or a parent?

你认为诗中的发言者更有可能是一个女朋友、男朋友，还是一位父亲或母亲？

4．________ so many different forms of poetry ____________，students may eventually want to write poems of their own.

因为有许多不同类型的诗可以选择，学生们可能最后都想写他们自己的诗歌了。

1.various reasons why 2.Should 3.is more likely to 4.With；to choose from

知识详解

1 convey vt. 传达，表达；运送；传导，传播

(回归课本P10)Others try to convey certain emotions.

而有些诗则是为了传达某种感情。

11

[归纳拓展]

[例句探源]

①(牛津P438)Colours like red convey a sense of energy and strength.

红色之类的颜色可给人们充满活力与力量的感觉。

②(牛津P438)Please convey my apologies to your wife.

请向你的妻子转达我的歉意。

③Please convey my good wishes to your mother.

请向你母亲转达我美好的祝愿。

④The survivors from Sichuan Earthquake have been conveyed to safe places.

四川地震中的幸存者已经被送到安全的地方。

【高效记忆】

Premier Wen Jiabao conveyed his sorrow for the dead and ordered the necessities should be conveyed immediately to the earthquakeMhit areas.温家宝总理表达了对死者的哀悼，并命令立即把必需品运送到地震灾区。

[即境活用]

1．完成句子

(1)作为老师，他确切地知道怎样向学生表达他的想法。

As a teacher，he knows exactly ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ the students.

答案：how to convey his ideas to

(2)我觉得难以用言语表达我的感情。

I found it hard to ________ ________ ________ in words.

答案：convey my feelings

2transform vi.& vt. 转化；转换；改造；变换

(回归课本P11)Never looking back，transformed into stone.

化为石，不回头。

[归纳拓展]

[例句探源]

①(牛津P2148)It was an event that would transform my life.

那是能够彻底改变我一生的一件事。

②In only 20 years the country has been transformed into an advanced industrial power.

这个国家只用了就变成了一个先进的工业强国。

③She used to be terribly shy，but a year abroad has completely transformed her.

她过去十分腼腆，但在国外呆了一年以后她完全变了。

[即境活用]

2．-Mr.Smith is no longer the man who he used to be.

-So he is.Success and wealth have ________ his character.

A．trained B．translated

C．transported D．transformed

解析：选D。由答句句意“是的，成功和财富已经改变了他的性格。”可知答案。

3appropriate adj. 适当的；正当的

(回归课本P13)Match the beginning of each sentence with the appropriate ending.

把每个句子的开头与恰当的结尾搭配起来。

[归纳拓展]

[例句探源]

①(朗文P84)It is not appropriate to ask such personal questions in an interview.

采访中问这样私人的问题不合适。

②(朗文P84)We will take appropriate action once the investigation is over.

一旦调查结束我们将采取恰当的行动。

③(牛津P83)The book was written in a style appropriate to the age of the children.

这本书的文体适合儿童阅读。

④It is appropriate that he should do more exercise.

他多进行锻炼是恰当的。

[即境活用]

3．Mr.Black’s formal style of speaking was appropriate ________the occasion.

A．in B．with

C．at D．to

解析：选D。be appropriate to表示“适合于……”。句意：布莱克先生郑重其事的讲话方式适合那个场合。

4exchange n． 交换；交流；互换

vt.& vi.调换；交换

(回归课本P13)If there had not been an exchange programme，he would not have found a sponsor to help him study abroad.如果以前没有交换学生的项目，他不会找到资助人赞助他出国。

[归纳拓展]

[例句探源]

①Exchange your idea with your partner and then write it down.与你的同伴交换想法然后记录下来。

②(牛津P691)I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager.

我与经理握手，相互交谈了几句。

③(牛津P691)If it doesn’t fit，take it back and the store will exchange it.

如果不合适就把它拿回来，商店将给你掉换。

④(山东高考)I have offered to paint the house in exchange for a week’s accommodation.

我主动粉刷房子来交换一周的住宿。

[即境活用]

4．完成句子

(1)因为我们都匆匆忙忙，所以只交谈了几句。

We only ________ ________ ________ ________ because we were in a hurry.

答案：exchanged a few words

(2)我想把一些英镑兑换成美金。

I’d like to ________ some pounds ________ dollars.

答案：exchange；for

5load n． 负担，负荷物(尤指沉重的)

v． 装载，加重，把弹药装入(枪炮)

(回归课本P16)Slowly the old man carries his load.

老人慢慢地挑着沉重的担子。

[归纳拓展]

[例句探源]

①She is under great pressure from heavy study loads.

面对沉重的学业负担，她压力很大。

②(牛津P1185)She thought she would not be able to bear the load of bringing up her family alone.

她认为她无法独自一人担负起养家的重任。

③(牛津P1185)Knowing that they had arrived safely took a load off my mind.

得知他们平安到达后我如释重负。

④The table was loaded with many kinds of delicious food.

餐桌上摆满了各式各样的美味食品。

⑤How long will it take to load the coal into the truck?

装这车煤需要多长时间？

[即境活用]

5．The workers are loading the goods________a car，that is，they’re loading the car________goods.

A．with；with B．into；into

C．into；with D．with；into

解析：选C。考查load的用法。load sth.into...把……装入；load sth.with sth.用……装载……，故选C。

6take it easy 轻松；不紧张；从容

(回归课本P10)if we hadn’t taken it easy

如果我们没有放松警惕

[例句探源]

①(牛津P633)The doctor told me to take it easy for a few weeks.

医生叫我休息几周。

②Take it easy and tell us what happened.

别紧张，告诉我们究竟发生了什么事。

③Take your time and tell me all about it.

别着急，你慢慢讲，把事情全部告诉我。

④(牛津P1820)Why can’t you ever take anything seriously?

你怎么对什么都不当回事呢？

[即境活用]

6．-I feel nervous before the exam.

-________.It won’t be too difficult for you to pass.

A．Take it easily B．Take things easy

C．Take your time D．Take things easily

解析：选B。take things easy指在心理上放松。

7．-Could you turn the TV down a little bit?

-________.Is it disturbing you?

A．Take it easy

B．I’m sorry

C．Not a bit

D．It depends

解析：选B。考查交际用语的运用。前面提到你可以把电视的声音关小点吗？________这打扰你了吗？表明回答方表示不好意思，故用B项，I’m sorry表道歉。A项，别急；C项，一点也不；D项，看情况而定，这三项均不符合语境。

8．-I’m sorry to keep you waiting.I’ll make short of this.

-________.I’m not in a hurry.

A．Take it easy

B．Take your time

C．Not at all

D．Do as you like

解析：选B。由后面答语“I’m not in a hurry.”可知，说话者不慌，故B项正确。

7run out of 用完

(回归课本P10)if we hadn’t run out of energy

如果我们没有精疲力竭

[归纳拓展]

[例句探源]

①My car broke down on the way to the beach because it had run out of petrol.

在去海滩的路上，我的车因为汽油耗尽而抛锚了。

②(牛津P1751)Time is running out for the trapped miners.

被困矿工的时间不多了。

③In the future，care for the environment will become very important as earth’s natural resources run out.

在未来，爱护环境将会很重要，因为地球的资源将濒临枯竭。

④Her money has been run out of and her patience is also running out.她的钱已经用完了，她的耐心也要耗尽了。

⑤His strength gave out after he ran that long distance.

跑完这么长一段距离，他已精疲力竭。

⑥My money has been used up，so I have to return home.

我的钱已经用完了，因此我必须回家。

[即境活用]

9．-I’m still working on my project.

-Oh，you’ll miss the deadline.Time is________.

A．running out B．going out

C．giving out D．losing out

解析：选A。句意：--我仍然在做这个项目。--啊！你也许不能如期完成了。因为快没时间了。当表示时间用完、耗尽的时候多用run out。give out “用完，精疲力竭。”

10．-Do you think we should accept that offer?

-Yes，we should，for we________such bad luck up till now，and time________out.

A．have had；is running

B．had；is running

C．have；has been run

D．have had；has been run

解析：选A。句意：--你认为我们应当接受提供的帮助吗？--是的，因为到目前为止，我们碰到了如此糟糕的运气，而且时间紧迫。up till now(迄今为止)常与现在完成时连用，而时间“正在”消耗殆尽，应用进行时，故选A。

8make up of 组成，构成(多用于被动结构)

(回归课本P10)Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain，a poem made up of five lines.

另外一种学生容易写的简体诗是由五行组成的，叫作五行诗。

[归纳拓展]

[例句探源]

①The medical team to be sent to Wenchuan county is made up of/consists of five men and two women.

这个要派往汶川县的医疗队由五男两女组成。

②The medical team made up of (＝which was made up of) two doctors and five nurses had arrived.

由两位大夫和五位护士组成的医疗队已经到达。

③(牛津P1222)After all the delays，we were anxious to make up for lost time.

耽搁了这么久，我们急着想弥补失去的时间。

④(牛津P1222)We need one more person to make up a team.

我们还需要一个人才能组成一个队。

[即境活用]

11．American Indians ________ about five percent of the US population.

A．fill up B．bring up

C．make up D．set up

解析：选C。句意：美洲印第安人大约占美国人口总数的5%。fill up 装满，填满；bring up教育，培养；提出，呕吐；make up组成，构成；编造，虚构，化妆，补足；set up竖立起来，建立，成立。

12．It suddenly occurred to Anne that money couldn’t ______ all that Bob had suffered in the past five years.

A．make up for B．look up to

C．put up with D．fit in with

解析：选A。考查动词短语。make up for“弥补”。句意：安妮突然想起金钱无法弥补鲍勃过去五年所受的罪。

句型梳理

1【教材原句】 With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，students may eventually want to write poems of their own.(P11)

因为有许多不同类型的诗可以选择，学生们可能最后都想写他们自己的诗歌了。

【句法分析】 句中的with so many different forms of poetry to choose from 为with的复合结构作状语。

“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”称为with复合结构，可位于句首或句尾，常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语，亦可作后置定语。

结构如下：

(1)with＋宾语＋doing (doing表主动或正在进行)

(2)with＋ 宾语＋adj.(adj.表状态)

(3)with＋宾语＋adv.(adv.表状态)

(4)with＋宾语＋done (done表完成或被动)

(5)with＋宾语＋介词短语

(6)with＋宾语＋to do (to do表将来，有时用主动形式表示被动意义)

①With time passing，they have grown into big boys and big girls.随着时间的流逝，他们都长成大小伙子和大姑娘了。

②He came downstairs with his coat over his arm.

他把外套搭在胳膊上走下楼来。

③With ten minutes to go，you’d better hurry.

还有10分钟，你最好快点。

④“I think we can leave with our heads held high，”Kate said.

凯特说，“我认为我们可以高昂着头离开”。

[即境活用]

13．John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work________，he gladly accepted it.

A．finished B．finishing

C．having finished D．was finished

解析：选A。句意：约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的工作也干完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。根据句意，工作应该是被完成，所以确定A、D。在with复合结构中，所缺部分作宾语补足语，D项只能作谓语。故选A。with的复合结构是高考的重点之一，因此要牢记它的基本结构并能熟练应用。

14．(东城检测)With the college entrance examination________near，both the parents and the students are more and more anxious.

A．draws B．drawn

C．drawing D．is drawing

解析：选C。考查with的复合结构。With the college entrance examination drawing near是with的复合结构，the college entrance examination与draw near之间是主动关系，此处该结构的意思是“随着高考的临近”。

15．(20高考山东卷)The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already ________for a meal to be cooked.

A．laid B．laying

C．to lay D．being laid

解析：选A。lay“摆放，搁”，与其逻辑主语table是动宾关系，already表明动作已经完成。表示被动和完成，应该用动词的过去分词形式。

2【教材原句】 There are various reasons why people write poetry.(P10)

人们写诗有许多原因。

【句法分析】 (1)本句为主从复合句。why people write poetry作reasons的定语。关系副词why 在定语从句中作原因状语，可用for which代替。

①Tom should tell me the reason why he was late for our date this morning.

汤姆应该告诉我他今天上午约会迟到的原因。(why作原因状语)

②Did you hear the reason(that)he gave for being late?

你听到他为迟到而找的理由了吗？(that作宾语)

(2)注意句型The reason why...is that...……的原因是……

③The reason why we don’t trust him is that he often lies.

我们不信任他的原因是因为他时常说谎。

④The reason why he whispered to me was that he was afraid to be heard by others.

他和我窃窃私语的原因是他害怕被别人听到。

⑤The reason why he was absent was that he was ill.

他缺席的原因是因为他病了。

[即境活用]

16．Jack had no confidence and courage at that time.That was the reason ________he gave up the plan.

A．why B．when

C．what D．how

解析：选A。reason作为先行词后跟定语从句时，如定语从句中缺少状语时用关系副词why。

17．Is this the reason ________at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?

A．he explained

B．what he explained

C．how he explained

D．why he explained

解析：选A。此题考查定语从句，排除B、C两项。explain为及物动词，其句式为explain sth.to sb.，通过分析可知，定语从句中缺少宾语，故应用关系代词which或that或省略。

（小周）

篇13：届高考英语顶尖学案：新课标人教版Unit 4 Earthquakes 地震(新课标版高考复习英语下册教案教学设计)

核心词汇

1．The firemen____________(营救)three women from the burning house.

2．He couldn’t help____________(爆发)into tears when he saw his mother again.

3．Unluckily，the house that we talked about is in____________(废墟)．

4. The soldiers____________(使陷入困境)their enemies and forced them to give in.

5．I find it hard to____________(判断)how the election will go.

6．On arriving there，we expressed our____________(祝贺)to him on his success.

7．We were____________(震惊)at their terrible working conditions.

8．The umbrella is a poor____________(避身处)from heavy rain.

9．Thousands of people died in the earthquake，and many children became homeless because of the natural____________(灾难)．

10．On seeing the ____________ scene，the little girl was so ____________ that she burst out crying.(frighten)

11．Mr.Wang couldn’t____________himself clearly when he heard the news，but I could tell from his____________that he was very upset.(express)

12．____________from what he said just now，he must be an honest man.On the contrary，he often tells a lie，so we should not ____________a man by his appearance.(judge)

1.rescued 2.bursting 3.ruins 4.trapped 5.judge 6.congratulations 7.shocked 8.shelter 9.disaster 10.frightening；frightened 11.express；expression,12.Judging；judge

高频短语

1．________________ 立刻；马上

2．________________ 好像；仿佛

3．________________ 结束；终结

4．________________ 严重受损；破败不堪

5．________________ 掘出；发现

6．________________ 许多；大量的

7．________________ 刮走

8．________________ 代替；而不是

9．________________ 陷入

10．________________ 埋头于

1.right away 2.as if 3.at an end 4.in ruins 5.dig out 6.a(great)number of 7.blow away 8.instead of 9.be trapped in 10.be buried in

重点句式

1．________________the world was at an end!

仿佛到了世界末日！

2．Thousands of families were killed and many children________________.

成千上万的家庭被毁，许多孩子成了孤儿。

3．____________people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.

死伤人数达到40多万。

4．____________they looked nearly everything was destroyed.

人们无论朝哪里看，哪里的一切都几乎被毁了。

5．____________hope was____________lost.

不是所有的希望都破灭了。

6．The army organized teams to____________were trapped and to bury__________.

解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。

知识详解

1.It seemed as if 2.were left without parents 3.The number of 4.Everywhere 5.All；not 6.dig out those who；the dead

1.burst vt.& vi. (使)爆裂；(使)裂开；(使)炸开；突然出现；爆发 n． 突然破裂；爆发

(回归课本P26)In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.

在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。

12

[归纳拓展]

[例句探源]

①(牛津P261)He felt he would burst with anger and shame.

他恼羞成怒，都要气炸了。

②(牛津P261)Firefighters burst the door open and rescued them.

消防队员撞开门，把他们救了出来。

③Scarcely had she heard the news about the death of Michael Jackson when she burst out crying/burst into tears.

她一听到迈克尔杰克逊死亡的消息，就失声痛哭起来。

[即境活用]

1．完成句子

(1)他没敲门就闯进房间。

He ________ ________ ________ ________without knocking at the door.

答案：burst into the room

(2)我走了进去，所有的人都突然放声大笑起来。

I walked in and everyone________ ________ ________.

答案：burst out laughing

2.injure vt. 损害；伤害

(回归课本P26)Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.

他们中有2/3在地震中伤亡。

[归纳拓展]

[例句探源]

①(朗文P1065)Two men were severely injured trying to save a 5yearold girl from a pit bull.

两名男子奋力从比特犬嘴下救出一名五岁小女孩时身受重伤。

②Your words may injure her pride.

你的话也许会伤她的自尊。

③The injured were sent to hospital right away.

伤员被立即送往医院。

[易混辨析]

wound，injure，hurt，harm

(1)wound一般指外伤，如枪伤、刀伤，尤指战争、战斗中受伤。

(2)injure一般指由于意外或事故造成的损伤，其宾语常为健康、成就、容貌等，强调功能的损失。

(3)hurt可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害，特指伴有疼痛的肉体上的伤害；作不及物动词时，是“痛”的意思。

(4)harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可，有时可指引起不安或不便。

①About 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.

②One of the players injured his knee and had to be carried off.

③What really hurt me was that he never answered my letters.

④Don’t harm your eyes by reading in dim light.

[高效记忆]

[即境活用]

2．Unfortunately，at least 20 miners were killed,22________and 13 ________ in the coal mine gas explosion.

A．injuring；trapping

B．injured；trapped

C．injured；trapping

D．injuring；trapped

解析：选B。考查省略和被动语态。miners与injure和trap之间都是被动关系，所以句子要用被动语态。该句是一个省略句，补充完整为：Unfortunately，at least...,22 miners were injured and 13 miners were trapped in the...。句意：不幸的是，在这起煤矿瓦斯爆炸中，至少有20人死亡，22人受伤，13人被困。

3.ruin n．[U] 毁坏；毁灭；崩溃 n．[C](pl.) 废墟；遗迹 v． (使)破产；(使)堕落；毁灭

(回归课本P26)In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.

在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就成为一片废墟。

[归纳拓展]

[例句探源]

①(牛津P1747)That one mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.

正是这个错误断送了他得到那份工作的机会。

②(牛津P1747)Years of fighting have left the area in ruins.

经年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。

③The war brought the country to ruin.

战争毁灭了这个国家。

[即境活用]

3．It rained for two weeks on end，completely________our holiday.

A．ruined B．to ruin

C．ruining D．was ruined

解析：选C。句意：大雨连续不停地下了两周，完全毁了我们的假期。ruining为现在分词作状

语，表结果。

4．________is no wonder that the building is________now；it was so big a fire last night.

A．It；in ruins B．That；in ruins

C．There；in ruins D．It；in ruin

解析：选A。“It is no wonder that...”是固定句

式，表示“难怪……”；be/lay in ruins是固定短

语，意为“成为废墟”。

4.bury vt. 埋葬，掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸，使专心；插入，刺入

(回归课本P26)The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.

救援部队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。

[归纳拓展]

[例句探源]

①(牛津P262)Their ambitions were finally dead and buried.

他们的雄心壮志最终被埋葬了。

②(牛津P262)He buried his face in his hands and wept.

他双手掩面而泣。

③(牛津P262)Since she left，he’s buried himself in his work.

自从她走后，他全心扑在工作上。

④She had learnt to bury her feelings.

她已经学会了感情不外露。

[即境活用]

5．他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。

________ ________ ________ ________，he didn’t know that all the others had left.

答案：Buried/Absorbed in his study

5.judge v． 断定；判断；判决

n． 裁判员；法官；评判员

(回归课本P30)Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.

五个裁判听了你的演讲，他们都同意这是今年最好的演讲。

[归纳拓展]

[例句探源]

①(牛津P1098)Don’t judge a book by its cover.

勿以貌取人。

②(牛津P1098)Judging by her last letter，they are having a wonderful time.

从她上封信看，他们过得非常愉快。

③(牛津P1098)As far as I can judge，all of them are to blame.

依我看，他们都应承担责任。

【温馨提示】 judging from/by表示“从……上看，根据……来判断”，用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语，而不采用过去分词的形式。

[即境活用]

6．I haven’t read all of his books before，but________from the one I have read，I think he’s a very promising writer.

A．judged B．judging

C．determining D．determined

解析：选B。judging from...是固定短语，常在句中作状语。不管它与主语是主动还是被动关系，都要用judging from形式。

7．I shall make my own________on this matter when I see the result.

A．justice B．judgement

C．intention D．conclusion

解析：选B。“作出判断”用make one’s judgement。justice公正，公平；intention打算，意图；conclusion结论，常和动词draw，reach，arrive at，come to等搭配。

6.at an end 结束；终结

(回归课本P26)It seemed as if the world was at an end!

仿佛到了世界末日！

[归纳拓展]

[例句探源]

①The meeting was nearly at an end when I got to the meeting room.

我到达会议室时，会议快要结束了。

②By the end of last year，he had learned two thousand English words.

到去年年底为止，他已学了2000个英语单词。

③They decided to put an end to the quarrel.

他们决定结束争吵。

④Being out of work and having two young children，they found it impossible to make ends meet.他们失业了，还要养活两个小孩，他们发现无法维持起码的生活。

[即境活用]

8．I’m sorry to say that our food is almost________.We can’t survive if there is no one to help us.

A．by the end B．at the end

C．in the end D．at an end

解析：选D。考查介词短语辨析。by the end到……为止；at the end在……尽头；in the end最后，终于；at an end结束，终结。句意：我很遗憾地说我们的食物快没了。如果没人来帮助我们，我们就无法生存了。

7.a number of 许多，大量的

(回归课本P27)Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.

那么多的人丧生是因为地震发生时人们正在睡觉。

[归纳拓展]

[例句探源]

①(牛津P1367)A large number of people have applied for the job.许多人申请了这份工作。

②Helen has a great many friends indeed，but she does not think she has any she can believe in.

海伦固然有许多朋友，可是她认为没有一个是可以信任的。

③The poor girl from a small village was deeply impressed by the large quantities of food in the big city.

大城市里大量丰富的食品给这个来自小山村的穷苦的女孩留下了深刻的印象。

[易混辨析]

the number of，a number of

(1)a number of...许多；大量的，后接可数名词，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

(2)the number of...……的数目，后接可数名词，在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

①The number of homeless people has increased dramatically.

②A number of students want to go to college when they finish middle school.

[即境活用]

9．As you can see，the number of cars on our roads________rising these days.

A．was keepingB．keep

C．keeps D．were keeping

解析：选C。句意：正如你所见，目前道路上汽车的数量在不断增加。the number of作主语时，谓语动词用单数，可排除B、D；再根据时间状语these days可知描述的是现在的情况，所以选C。

句型梳理

1【教材原句】 It seemed as if the world was at an end！(P26)

仿佛到了世界末日！

【句法分析】 as if＝as though“仿佛；好像”可用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句。

如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气；当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。

①He kept working as if nothing had happened.

他继续工作，仿佛什么都没有发生似的。

②When a pencil is partly put into a glass of water，it looks as if it were broken.

当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时，它看上去好像断了。

③It looks as if it is going to rain.

看起来似乎要下雨。

【温馨提示】 如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略主语和be动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。

④She walked here and there on the playground as if(she was)looking for something.

她在操场上来回走，好像在找什么东西。

⑤The old man was lying on the ground as if(he was)hurt badly.老人躺在地上，好像伤得很厉害。

⑥He opened his mouth as if to say something.

他张开嘴好像要说什么。

[即境活用]

10．Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it________yesterday.

A．was happening B．happens

C．has happened D．happened

解析：选D。考查虚拟语气。由as if引导的从句通常用虚拟语气，再结合前面的remembers可知与现在事实相反，因此用一般过去时。故选D项。

2【教材原句】 All hope was not lost.(P26)

不是所有的希望都破灭了。

【句法分析】 (1)本句是部分否定句。当否定句中有不定代词all，both，each和含有every的合成词时，表部分否定。

①All my friends do not study well.＝Not all my friends study well.我的朋友并不个个都学习好。

②Everything is not right.

并非什么都好。

【温馨提示】 凡是具有总括意义的代词(each，everybody，everything等)、形容词(complete，whole等)和副词(completely，always，altogether等)与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都；并非都”的意思。而no，none，never，nobody，neither，nothing，no more，no longer等表示否定意义的词与谓语一起使用就构成了全部否定。

③(2010年高考天津卷)Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as my first visit to the Palace Museum.

我的一生中，印象最深的就是第一次参观故宫博物馆。

④None of us was allowed to go there.

我们全都不让去那里。

(2)be lost/gone/missing丢了，不在。

⑤With all my money lost/missing/gone，I couldn’t go home.

所有的钱都丢了，我无法回家。

⑥When he found his book gone/lost/missing，he was really upset.当他发现他的书丢了时，他的确很伤心。

[即境活用]

11．(2010年高考江西卷)Swimming is my favorite sport.There is________like swimming as a means of keeping fit.

A．something B．anything

C．nothing D．everything

解析：选C。句意：游泳是我最喜欢的运动。作为保持健康的方式，没有什么能比得上游泳了。本题考查不定代词。根据上文可知，空格处需要一个表示否定意义的词，所以C为答案。

12．-Which of the two computer games did you prefer?

-Actually I didn’t like________.

A．both of them B．either of them

C．none of them D．neither of them

解析：选B。考查代词。上文为two computer games，下文则讲两者都不喜欢，none表三者及三者以上，可以排除C项。not either在此等同于neither，符合语境。

13．I agree with most of what you said，but I don’t agree with________.

A．anything B．something

C．everything D．nothing

解析：选C。everything与否定词连用表示部分否定。

（小周）