“向采采”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了10篇英语四级翻译寒假练试题，以下是小编整理后的英语四级翻译寒假练试题，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
篇1：英语四级翻译寒假练试题
英语四级翻译练习：中国象棋
中国象棋属于二人对抗战略性棋盘游戏，是最受欢迎的棋盘游戏之一。在中国古代，象棋被列为士大夫们的修身之艺，现在则被视为一种益智的活动。象棋由两人轮流走子，以“将死”对方的将(帅)为胜。象棋棋盘共有64格，中间的“河界”将之分为两个“敌对”的部分。每人各有棋子16枚，包括1枚将、2枚马、2枚车(chariot)、2枚象(相)、2枚士、2枚炮和5枚丢(pawn )。 一般而言，执红色棋子的一方先走子。
◆参考翻译:
Chinese Chess
Chinese chess, known as Xiangqi, is a strategyboard game for two players. It is one of the mostpopular board games. In ancient China, Chinesechess used to be listed as a way for scholar-officialsto cultivate their moral characters, while now it's regarded as a kind of activities to developintelligence. The two players move by turn in the game with the objective of checkmatingthe opponent's general or king. The board itself has 64 squares and has a “river” in the middlethat divides the board into two opposing parts. Each player has 16 pieces, including 1 general(king), 2 horses, 2 chariots, 2 elephants (bishops), 2 guards, 2 cannons and 5 pawns. Generallyspeaking, the player with the red pieces moves first.
1.战略型棋盘游戏:可采取直译法，将三个名词并列翻译，即strategy board game。
2.士大夫:指封建社会中的官僚阶层，也指还没做官的读书人，所以可译为 scholar-bureaucrat 或者 scholar-officials。
3.修身之艺:修身指提高自己的道德修养，可译为cultivateone's moral character;按照文字语境，“艺”在这里指“方式”，可译为way。
4.象棋由两人轮流走子:如果采用直译法，得需要采用被动语态，译为 Chinese chess is alternately playedby two players.但后面的句子“以将死对方的将(帅)为胜”则需翻译为Its objective is...故不如采用主动语态，将两句话翻译为带with的复合结构。
5.以“将死”对方的将(帅)为胜:“将死”可译为checkmate，不要望文生义翻译为kill。
英语四级翻译练习：中医
中医(Traditional Chinese Medicine )有五千多年的历史，是中国古代劳动人民几千年来对抗疾病的经验总结。中医将人体看成是气、形、神的统一体，以“望、闻(auscultationand olfaction)、问、切”为其独特的诊断过程。 中医使用中药、针灸(acupuncture)以及许多其他治疗手段，使人体达到阴阳调和。阴阳和五行是中医的理论基础。五行是自然界中的五种基本物质，即金、木、水、火、土。
◆参考翻译:
Traditional Chinese Medicine
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a longhistory of more than 5,000 years. It is a summaryof the experience of the working people over manycenturies of struggle against diseases. TCM considershuman body as a unity of QI, XING and SHEN. The diagnostic process of TCM distinguishesitself by “observation，auscultation and olfaction, inquiry and pulse diagnosis”. TCM usestraditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture and many other treatment means to make humanbody be harmony between YIN and YANG. The concepts of YIN-YANG and WU XING laid atheoretical foundation for TCM. WU XING refers to five basic substances in the nature, thatis, metal, wood, water, fire, and earth.
1.英语四级翻译题高分训练
2.英语四级翻译强化训练
3.英语四级翻译冲刺训练
4.英语四级翻译训练题
5.英语四级翻译训练题
6.英语四级寒假基础训练（三）
7.英语四级寒假基础训练（四）
8.英语四级寒假基础训练（二）
9.英语四级寒假基础训练（一）
10.英语四级寒假基础训练（五）
篇2：大学英语四级阅读寒假练习试题三
大学英语四级阅读寒假练习试题
One in six. Believe it or not, that's the number of Americans who struggle with hanger To make tomorrow a little better, Feeding Action Month. As part of its 30 Ways in 30 Days program, It's asking 48 across the country to help the more than 200 food banks and 61,000 agencies in its network provide low-income individuals and families with the fuel they need to 49 .
It's the kind of work that's done every day at St. Andrew's Episcopal Church in San Antonio, People who 50 at its front door on the first and third Thursdays of each month aren't looking for God-they're there for something to eat, St. Andrew's runs a food pantry(食品堂)that 51 the city and several of the 52 towns. Janet Drane is its manager.
In the wake of the 53 .the number of families in need of food assistance began to grow. It is54 that 49 million Americans are unsure of where they will find their next meal What's most surprising is that 36% of them live in 55 where at least one adult is working.“It used to be that one job was all you needed.” says St. Andrew's Drane.“The people we see now have three or four part-time jobs and they're still right on the edge 56 .”
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A)survive I)formally
B) surrounding J)financially
C)serves K)domestic
D)reviewed L)competition
E)reported M)communities
F)recession N)circling
G)households O)accumulate
H)gather
【答案解析】
47. E. domestic
48. C. communities
49. O. survive
50. H. gather
51. M. serves
52. N. surroundings
53. J. recession
54. K. reported
55. I. households
56. F. financially
篇3：大学英语四级阅读寒假练习试题一
20大学英语四级阅读寒假练习试题
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement
contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.
You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by
marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Caring for elderly parents catches many unprepared
[A ] Last July, Julie Baldocchi，s mother had a massive stroke and was paralyzed. Baldocchi suddenly had to become a family caregiver, something that she wasn“t prepared for. “I was flying by the seat of my pants,” says Baldocchi, an employment specialist in San Francisco. Both of her parents are 83, and she knew her father couldn’t handle her mother’s care. The hospital recommended putting her mother in a nursing home. Baldocchi wasn’t willing to do that. But moving her back into her parents’ home created other problems. Baldocchi, 48, is married and lives about a mile away from her parents. She has a full-time job and has back problems that make it difficult for her to lift her mother. “I couldn’t do it all,” she says. “But I didn’t even know how to find help.”
[B] With help from the Family Caregiver Alliance, she eventually hired a live-in caregiver. “But even if you plan intellectually and legally, you’re never ready for the emotional impact,” Baldocchi says. In the first two months after her mother’s stroke, she lost about 30 pounds as stress mounted. More than 42 million Americans provide family caregiving for an adult who needs help with daily activities, according to a survey by the AARP. An additional 61.6 million provided at least some care during the year. And many are unprepared.
[C] While many parents lack an advance care directive, it’s the most basic and important step they can take. The directive includes several parts, including: a durable power of attorney, which gives someone legal authority to make financial decisions on another’s behalf; a health care proxy, which is similar to the power of attorney, except it allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment; and a living will that outlines instructions for end-of-life care. (For example, parents can say if they want to be kept alive by artificial measures.) “It’s invaluable for the kids, because it’s hard to make those decisions for a parent,” says Jennifer Cona, an elder- law attorney at Genser Dubow Genser & Cona in Melville, N.Y. An advance care directive is the first line of defense if a situation arises, says Kathleen Kelly, executive director of the Family Caregiver Alliance, which supports and educates caregivers. Without an advance directive, the family will have to petition the court to be appointed the parent’s legal guardian, says AgingCare.com.
[D] It’s important for families to talk about long-term care so the adult children know their parents，preferences, wishes and goals, says Lynn Feinberg, a caregiving expert at AARP. But it’s not an easy conversation. Elderly parents are sometimes suspicious of their children’s financial motives, says Susan John, a financial planner at Financial Focus in Wolfeboro, N.H. One client asked John to hold a family meeting because they needed an intermediary to talk about financial issues, she says. And when there are many siblings, the family decisions can become a three-ring circus with much acrimony, says Ann-Margaret Carrozza, an elder-law attorney in Glen Cove, N.Y. Families who need information and help sorting out disagreements can call on elder-law attorneys, financial planners, geriatric care managers and caregiver support groups. In February, AARP said it will offer its members a new caregiving support service through financial services firm Genworth.
[E] Many families are unprepared for quick decisions, especially when they find out that Medicare doesn’t pay for long-term care, Feinberg says. The median cost of a year in a private room at a nursing home in was $77,745, according to Genworth. And only those who have spent most of their assets can qualify for Medicaid to pay for the nursing home.
[ F] Assisted living is another option. Residents can have their own apartment to maintain some independence. But the facilities generally provide personal care services, such as meals, housekeeping and assistance with activities. Still, it’s not cheap: The national median cost in 2011 was $39,135, according to Genworth. Assisted living isn’t covered by Medicaid.
[G ] If they have a choice, at least 90% of elderly parents prefer to stay at home as long as they can, according to
AARP research. But if the parents can no longer safely live at home, it can be hard for children to move them into an adult care facility. There may be another option. Sometimes the home can be modified so a parent can stay there. For example, Baldocchi put in a chair lift for her mother. She also arranged for a home caregiver.
[H] Family caregivers take over many responsibilities. One might manage a parent’s finances, while another sibling will take the parent to doctors” appointments and shopping. Those who move in with a parent take on a significant and sustained burden of care. Jan Walker moved into her mother’s home in Leesburg, Fla. After her mother, who is 83, had fallen, she wasn’t able to get around as well. Walker, 55, has three brothers. But she is the only daughter, is divorced and has no children. “I always knew that this was the role that I would have, and I guess my mind was prepared for it,” says Walker, who now is a full-time caregiver and works from home as a tutorial instructor for a digital scrapbooking website. “When you get into the trenches, it’s literally baptism by fire,” she says. “New things come up. It’s not just about advance planning for finances or medical care. It’s everything,” she says.
[I ] Caregivers need to also watch their own health. “There is such a thing as caregiver burnout, ” Cona says. Among female caregivers 50 and older, 20% reported symptoms of depression, according to a study on working caregivers by MetLife. “It’s a hard job,” Walker says. “But most worthwhile things are hard. She was always there for me when I needed a helping hand. It’s only natural that I be here for her now.”
46. When elderly parents cannot live at home safely, their children can change their home instead of sending them to an adult care facility.
47. To talk about long-term care is not easy because sometimes aged parents are suspicious of their children’s financial motives.
48. Besides advance planning for finances or medical care, family caregivers take over many other responsibilities.
49. The difference between a durable power of attorney and a health care proxy is that the latter allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment.
50. Baldocchi did not want to send her mother to a nursing home, but she had difficulty taking care of her.
51. Over 42 million caregivers helped an adult with everyday activities in the USA in 2009.
52. If a family needs information or help to sort out disagreements, there are many people they can call on.
53. Caregivers should pay attention to their own health, or they may burn out or become depressed.
54. One will have to petition the court to be the parent’s legal guardian, if there is no advance directive.
55. The national median cost of assisted living in 2011 was $39,135 and it is not covered by Medicaid.
【答案解析】
46. [G]。题干意为，当上了年纪的父母住在家里不安全时，他们的孩子可以改变他们的家，而不是将他们送 到成人看护中心去。注意抓住题干中的关键词live at home safely和adult care facility。文章段落中，[G]段提 到了上了年纪的父母住在家里不安全和成人看护中心的内容，该段第二至四句提到，如果上了年纪的父 母住在家里不再安全，对于孩子来说将他们送到成人看护中心也很难，不过有另外一种选择――可以改 变他们的家以适合他们在那里度过晚年。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[G]。
47. [D]。题干意为，谈论长期护理问题并不容易，因为有时老年人会怀疑自己孩子有金钱方面的动机。注意 抓住题干中的关键词talk about long-term care、suspicious of和financial motives。文章段落中，[D]段提到了 谈论长期护理和老年人会怀疑自己孩子的内容，该段前三句指出，家庭成员谈论长期护理问题是很重要 的，这样才能了解父母的喜好和意愿等，但是这并不容易，有时候父母会怀疑子女有金钱方面的动机。由 此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[D]。
48. [H]。题干意为，除了提前进行资金和医疗方面的规划，家庭护理人员还有其他许多责任。注意抓住题干 中的关键词planning for finances or medical care和many other responsibilities。文章段落中，[H ]段首先就提到 了家庭护理人员要承担许多责任，该段最后指出，家庭护理不仅仅要提前做好资金和医疗规划，一切问题 都要考虑到。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[H]。
49. [C]。题干意为，永久授权书和医疗保健代理委托书的区别在于，后者允许某人做出有关医疗方面的决定。 注意抓住题干中的关键词a durable power of attorney和a health care proxy。文章段落中，只有[C]段提到了 这两个专有名词，该段第二句指出，护理指示应该包含a durable power of attorney、a health care proxy和a living will。在介绍health care proxy时提到，它与durable power of attorney相似，只是它允许某人做出有关医疗方面的决定。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[C]。
50. [A]。题干意为，Baldocchi不想将母亲送到疗养院，但是她又很难照顾她。注意抓住题干中的关键词 Baldocchi和nursing home。文章段落中，有几段都提到了 Baldocchi,但是提到她不想将母亲送往疗养院但 自己照顾母亲又有困难的只有[A]段。题干内容是对原文第一段的总结，故答案为[A]。
51. [B]。题干意为，，美国有超过4200万护理人员帮忙照料成年人的日常生活。题干中的关键词为Over 42 million caregivers和help an adult with everyday activities。文章段落中，[B]段倒数第三句提到 了 More than 42 million Americans provide family caregiving for an adult who needs help with daily activities,其中 More than 42 million和daily activities分别与题干中的Over 42 million和everyday activities为同义互换。故答案为[B]。
52. [D]。题干意为，如果一个家庭需要解决纠纷的信息或帮助，他们可以向很多人求助。注意抓住题干中的关 键词sort out disagreements和call on。文章段落中，[D]段倒数第二句提到，如果一些家庭需要解决纠纷的信息或 者帮助，他们可以向老年法律师、金融规划师、老年人护理经理和护理人员组织求助。由此可知，题干是对 原文的同义转述，故答案为[D]。
53. [I]。题干意为，家庭护理人员应该注意自己的身体健康，否则他们可能会累垮或者变得心情抑郁。注意抓 住题干中的关键词their own health、burn out和depressed。文章段落中，提到要护理人员注意自己身体的是[I] 段，该段前三句指出，家庭护理人员也要注意自己的身体，有的时候护理者可能会累垮。对年龄在50岁及以 上的女性护理人员的调查显示，有20%的人称自己有抑郁症状。由此可知，题干是对原文这三句话的同义转 述，故答案为[I ]。题干中的 pay attention to their own health和原文中的 watch their own health对应。
54. [C]。题干意为，如果没有提前准备一份护理说明，那么想成为父母的合法监护人需要向法庭申请。注意 抓住题干中的关键词petition the court、parent’s legal guardian和no advance directive。本题比较简单，这几个关 键词均在文章[C ]段中直接出现，该段最后一句提到，Without an advance directive, the family will have to petition the court to be appointed the parent’s legal guardian。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案 为[ C]。
55. [F]。题干意为，，全国生活协助的平均花费为39，135美元，而且这项花费也不在医疗补助计划的范 围之内。注意抓住题干中的关键词2011、$39，135和Medicaid。本题也比较容易，扫读全文，可以发现在[F] 段出现了2011和$39，135这两个关键词，并且后面也提到生活协助并不包含在医疗补助计划之内。由此可 知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为[F]。
篇4：大学英语四级阅读寒假练习试题二
大学英语四级阅读寒假练习试题
Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The staying power of the “look-say” or “whole-word” method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.
The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self-directed, “learning how to learn” activities recommended by advocates (倡导者)of “open” classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run” readers.
However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate” in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Can’t Read, Flesch indicted(控诉)the nation’s public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said C and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed C that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics(语音学), is far superior.
Systematic phonics first teachers children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.
36. The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is _____________.
A) only logical and natural B) the expected position
C) probably a mistake D) merely effective instruction
37. The author indicts the look-say reading approach because _________________.
A) it overlooks decoding B) Rudolf Flesch agrees with him
C) he says it is boring D) many schools continue to use this method
38. One major difference between the look-say method of learning reading and the phonics method is _______________.
A) look-say is simpler B) Phonics takes longer to learn
C) look-say is easier to teach D) phonics gives readers access to far more words
39. The phrase “touch-off” (Para 3, Line 1) most probably means _____________.
A) talk about shortly B) start or cause
C) compare with D) oppose
40. According to the author, which of the following statements is true?
A) Phonics approach regards whole-word method as unimportant.
B) The whole-word approach emphasizes decoding.
C) In phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.
D) Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast majority of most common words can be learned.
【答案解析】
36. C)本题的线索是第一段的第二句话，其中的relying on educators与题干中的counting on educators 完全是同样的意思。
37. A) 作者先在第一段的最后一句说“look-say”或“whole-word”的阅读教学方法是失败的，第二段分析了这种方法失败的原因，是因为它“stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding…”
38. D) 文章在最后一段谈到了phonics method的特点和好处，本题线索见该段的第二句话“Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned”，可见这种方法能使学习者获得更大的词汇量。
39. B) 本题要求利用上下文猜测单词的意思。根据第二段的最后一句，在1963年以前，出版的东西都是教授使用whole-word的方法的，紧接着用了转折词however，说在1955年，Rudolf Flesch“touched off”一场争论，因此此处的touch off必然是“引起”的意思。
40. C) 本题要求有较好的综合能力才能做得既快又准。从第二段中综合出whole-word阅读方法的特点：强调单词的意思、没有decoding;由此即可知B)、D)是错的;在文章的最后一句话，作者指出Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences，所以A)也是不对的。
篇5：英语四级翻译试题
87，The university authorities did not approve theregulation,____(也没有解释为什么)
88，Jane is tired of dealing with customer complaints and wishesthat she_____(能被分配做另一项工作)
89，John rescued the drowning child_____(冒着自己生命危险)
90. George called his boss from the airport but it __________________(接电话的`却是他的助手)
91，Although he was interested in philosophy ,______(他的父亲说服他)majoring in law.
篇6：英语四级翻译模拟试题:唐诗
英语四级翻译模拟试题:唐诗
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
唐诗(Tang poetry)是中国珍贵的文化遗产，在中国文学和诗歌中占据重要地位。唐朝是中国诗歌的黄金时代，《全唐诗》(Complete Tang Poems)收录了2200多位诗人所作的近5万首唐诗。唐代的诗人特别多，李白、杜甫、白居易是世界闻名的伟大诗人。唐诗的题材非常广泛，从自然现象、政治动态(dynamics)到社会风俗、个人感受，几乎包括生活的方方面面。《唐诗三百首》(300 Tang Poems)是后人编选的最受欢迎的唐诗集，在现代社会流传广泛，很多诗歌被中国的中小学语文教科书所采用。
参考翻译:
The Tang poetry,a precious cultural heritage of China,occupied a significant place in the field of Chinese literature and Chinese poetry. Tang Dynasty was the golden age of Chinese poetry.The Complete Tang Poems collected almost 50,000 Tang poems written by over 2,200 poets.There were a large number of poets in Tang Dynasty,among whom Li Bai, Du Fu and Bai Juyi were the greatest poets renowned in the world.The subjects of Tang poetry were rather extensive,ranging from natural phenomena and political dynamics to social customs and personal feelings,embracing almost every aspect of people’s lives.The 300 Tang Poems was a collection of the most popular Tang poems compiled by the later generations.In modern society,it is so widespread that many of the poems have been adopted in the Chinese language textbooks of primary schools and secondary schools.
1.第一句汉语的重心在后半句，因此可将“唐诗在中国文学和诗歌中占据重要地位”译为英语的主句，“是中国珍贵的文化遗产”可译作“唐诗”的同位语或定语从句。
2.第二句由两个短句组成，叙述了两个不同的事物，即“唐朝”和“《全唐诗》”，因此难以建立内在联系，可拆译为两个独立句子。后一句的主干是“《全唐诗》收录了近5万首唐诗”;“2200多位诗人所作的”可采用过去分词短语writtenby...作后置定语。
3.第三句“唐代的诗人特别多…”前后部分的内容存在包含和被包含的关系，可考虑将“唐代诗人特别多”作为主句，后半句处理为among whom...引导的定语从句。
4.第四句“唐诗的题材非常广泛…”较长，可考虑将句子的`中心“唐诗的题材非常广泛”译为主干;“从…到…”和“几乎包括…”隐含的逻辑主语都是“唐诗的题材”，可考虑将后半部分处理为现在分词短语作状语的形式，即ranging from...to...和 embracing...。
5.最后一句较长，可考虑拆译为两句。“《唐诗三百首》是最受欢迎的唐诗集”相为前一句的主干，“后人编选的” 译为过去分词短语作后置定语。后一句可采用so...that句型，将“流传广泛”作为主句，增译主语it，指代《唐诗三百首》，即is so widespread;“很多诗歌被...”译为that引导的结果状语从句。
篇7：英语四级翻译练习题
英语四级翻译练习题
part 1
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
中国五年前根本没有高速铁路。但是现在高铁列车(high-speed trains)的票经常很快就售罄，尽管发车间隔比较短。人们能够很方便地以两倍于美国火车最{速的速度在全国周游。高速铁路系统的运菅非常成功，它运载的乘客是全国民航 (civil aviation)系统运载的乘客的两倍。中国有世界上最先进的、低排放的快速运输系统之一，而做到这一点仅仅用了五年。
参考译文：
China didn't have a high-speed rail five years ago.Butnow the tickets of high-speed trains are usually soldout very quickly, even though the departureinterval is quite short.And people can convenientlytravel around the nation at a speed that doubles thespeed of the fastest American train.The operation of high-speed rail system is very successful;it carries twice as many passengers as the nation's civil aviation system.China has one of themost advanced rapid transit systems with low emissions in the world, and it only takes fiveyears to achieve this.
解析：
1.但是现在高铁列车的票经常很快就售罄，尽管发车间隔比较短:“售罄”可译 为sell out，意为“卖完了，卖光了”;“发车间隔”译为departure interval。
2.人们能够很方便地以两倍于美国火车最高速的速度在全国周游:“以...的速度”可译为at a speed...，speed意为“速度”;“两倍于”即“是...的两倍”，可译为double,也可译为twice。
3.高速铁路系统的运营非常成功，它运栽的乘客是全国民航系统运载的乘客的两倍:“运栽”可用carry来表示。“倍数+as+many/much/large等形容词+(比较的内容)+as”为英语中表达倍数时常用的结构，中间的形容词根据比较的内容来定，如比较大小则用as large as,表示“是...的两倍大”则为twice as large as。
part 2
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
中华人民共和国成立后，文学开始繁荣。来自当时的苏联(Soviet Union)和西方国家的作品大大影响了中国文学。这一时期作品的主题包括革命历史和国家建设的新生活。最著名的作品是《红岩》(The Red Rock)和《茶馆》。1978年改革开放后，中国文学又迎来了一次新的繁荣，中外文化交流空前繁荣。今天，中国当代文学也越来越为各国人民所关注。
参考翻译:
After the founding of People's Republic of China,literature began to boom.Works from Soviet Unionthen and western countries exerted a profoundinfluence on the Chinese literature.The themesexpressed in the works of this period coveredrevolution history as well as the new life of nation's construction.The best known works areThe Red Rock and Teahouse.After the Reform and Opening up in 1978,Chinese literature won anew prosperity with sino-foreign cultural exchanges flourishing as never before.Today, Chinesecontemporary literature is drawing more and more attention of the people of the world.
1.中华人民共和国成立后，文学开始繁荣：“成立”可译为found,如“创办学校” 可译为found a school。found与动词find(找到)的过去式和过去分词同形，但词义不同，使用时需要注意。此处译作名词形式founding。“开始繁荣”可译为began to boom。
2.这一时期作品的主题包括革命历史和国家建设的新生活：这句话的主语可译为the themes expressed in theworks of this period。谓语可译为 cover,意思是 “包括，涵盖”。宾语则是“革命历史和国家建设的新生活”，其中“革命历史” 译为revolution history。
3.中国文学又迎来了一次新的繁荣，中外文化交流空前繁荣：“迎来”可译为won。“中外文化交流”可译为sino-foreign cultural exchanges。“频繁和深入”可以用 flourishing来表示。
篇8：英语四级翻译练习题
翻译原文
总结一年来的工作，我们清醒地看到，经济社会发展中还存在不少问题和困难。必须坚持把人民群众利益放在第一位。要切实维护人民群众的经济、政治和文化权益，着力解决关系群众切身利益的突出问题，保障城乡困难群众的基本生活。不断满足人们日益增长的物质文化需要，是社会主义现代化建设的根本目的。只有执政为民，我们的各项事业才能获得最广泛最可靠的群众基础和力量源泉。
参考译文及详解：
总结一年来的工作，我们清醒地看到，经济社会发展中还存在不少问题和困难。 In reviewing our work of the past year, we clearly see that many problems and difficulties remain in our economic and social development.
总结用review，在这里用了现在分词形式，不失为一种简单而又正式的方式。在后半句的翻译中，英文和汉语语序整体大相反，注意“经济社会发展”的表达方式：in economic and social development.
必须坚持把人民群众利益放在第一位。
We must always put the interests of the people first.
这句话翻译起来比较简单，注意“把……放在第一位”put……first.
要切实维护人民群众的经济、政治和文化权益，着力解决关系群众切身利益的突出问题，保障城乡困难群众的基本生活。
We must truly protect the people's economic, political and cultural rights and interests, pay particular attention to solving acute problems affecting their vital interests, and ensure that poor urban and rural residents have the basic necessities of life.
翻译整段，必然会有个别长句，这就需要我们把握整体结构，表明大意即可。这段话是很正式的会议截取，所以咱们翻译时很多词组或者句子结构都是有据可循的。比如这句“着力解决关系群众切身利益的突出问题”，翻译的时候，没有完全按照汉语语序，而是把“关系群众切身利益”翻译为现在分词作后置定语结构 affecting their vital interests.
注意固定词组与句式：
维护人民群众的经济、政治和文化权益 protect the people's economic, political and cultural rights and interests
着力解决……pay particular attention to solving(记住，pay attention to doing/sth 这个固定结构)
不断满足人们日益增长的物质文化需要，是社会主义现代化建设的根本目的。The fundamental goal of our socialist modernization drive is to continually meet the growing material and cultural needs of the people.
这句话翻译出来，也是将汉语语序颠倒后进行的翻译。用了to do不定式做表语。这句话大家可以完全背诵下来。
只有执政为民，我们的各项事业才能获得最广泛最可靠的群众基础和力量源泉。Only if we exercise power for the good of the people can we enjoy the broadest and most reliable support from the people and draw from them the strength for accomplishing all our undertakings.
只有……才……这个结构需要用到英文结构only if.后半句汉语很复杂，所以英语翻译时，用了两个and连接的分句，来更清楚正确地表达汉语的意思。注意固定词组与句式：
执政为民 exercise power for the good of the people
我们的各项事业 all our undertakings
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篇9：英语四级阅读练习试题
Hardly a week goes by without some advance in technology that would have seemed incredible 50 years ago. And we can expect the rate of change to accelerate rather than slow down within our lifetime. The developments in technology are bound to have a dramatic effect on the future of work. By , new technology will have revolutionized communications. People will be transmitting messages down telephone lines that previously would have been sent by post. Not only postmen but also clerks and secretaries will vanish in a paper-free society. All the routine tasks they perform will be carried on a tiny silicon chip so that they will be as obsolete(已废弃的) as the horse and cart after the invention of the motorcar. One change will make thousands, if not millions, redundant.
Even people in traditional professions, where expert knowledge has been the key, are unlikely to escape the effects of new technology. Instead of going to a solicitor, you might go to a computer that is programmed with all the most up-to-date legal information. Doctors, too, will find that an electronic competitor will be able to carry out a much quicker and more accurate diagnosis and recommend more efficient courses oftreatment. In education, teachers will be largely replaced by teaching machines far more knowledgeable than any human being. Most learning will take place in the home via video conferencing. Children will still go to school though, until another place is created where they can make friends and develop social skills.
练习题：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.According to the writer, the rate of change in technology______.
A.will remain the same
B.will slow down
C.will speed up
D.can not be predicted
2.The writer expects that by new technology will have revolutionized communications and ____
A.people needn’t telephone each other
B.the present postal system will have disappeared
C.people will no longer send letters
D. the postmen will have been replaced by silicon chip.
3.The word “they” (Line 6，Para. 1) refers to _____.
A. the tiny silicon chips
B.the letter written on paper
C. the postmen, clerks and secretaries
D.the routine tasks performed by the postmen
4.From the second paragraph, we can infer that _____
A. professionals won’t be affected by new technology
B.doctor won’t be as efficient by the postmen
C. computers cannot replace lawyers
D.experts will lose job in the future
5.In the writer’s view, _______.
A.people should get prepared for the future
B.there exists no real threat of unemployment
C.the advance of technology is not desirable
D.machines will have control over men
答案：
1.[C] 事实细节题。只要知道第1段第2句中的关键词accelerate意为speed up“加速,加快”，就可以排除其他选项。
2.[B] 事实细节题。本题考硕员却ΑW髡咴诘1段第5句中通过previously将过去与现在作对比,指出现在传递消息的途径与过去不一样了，由此可判断B为正确选项。本题最具干扰性的是选项C，第1段倒数第3句提到以 后邮递员将会消失，但这并不意味着人们不再写信和寄信，以后可能会有新的送信方式，因此选项C是不对的。
3.[C] 词义推断题。they所在的句子是第1段倒数第2句，本句中两个they的指代是一样的，因此，只要找到第一个they的指代就能找到答案了。根据本段倒数第3句中“Not only postmen but also clerks and secretaries will vanish”及倒数第2句中的“All the routine tasks they perform...”可推断，they是指上一句中的postmen，clerks 和secretaries 。
4.[B] 推理判断题。本题考肆芯俅ΑT诘2段,作者列举了律师、医生、教师将会受到的新技术的影响，第3句指出医生的电子竞争者会做出更快更准的诊断,从而确定选项B说法正确，而选项A和C与原文不符，选项D言过其实，且缺乏合理的原文依据。
5.[A] 观点态度题。作者举出了大量实例暗示和告诫人们：正因为人类技术的发展日新月异，许多职业的存在都将受到威胁，人们应该采取积极态度以应对这种变化。选项B显然与第1段最后一句相悖;选项C无合理的推 断依据;文中虽提到新技术会在多方面影响人类,但并不能由此推断机器会控制人类,所以选项D不对。
篇10：英语四级阅读练习试题
Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage
There seems never to have been a civilization without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do. In the ancient world, as is today, most boys played with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are rigidly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.
What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained are same. The changes have been mostly in terms of craftsmanship, mechanics, and technology. It is the universality of toys with regard to their development in all parts of the world and their persistence to the present that is amazing. In Egypt, the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic (北极的) peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Variations depended on local customs and ways of life because toys imitate their surroundings. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.
Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to technological leaps that characterize inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of ascent (进步). The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3000 BC to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of available materials.
6. The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that ________.
A) their social roles are rigidly determined
B) most boys would like to follow their fathers’ professions
C) boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers
D) they like challenging activities
7. One aspect of “the universality of toys” lies in the fact that ________.
A) technological advances have greatly improved the durability of toys
B) the improvement of craftsmanship in making toys depends on the efforts of universities
C) the exploration of the universe had led to the creation of new kinds of toys
D) the basic characteristics of toys are the same the world over
8. Which of the following is the author’s view on the historical development of toys?
A) The craftsmanship in toy-making has remained essentially unchanged.
B) Toys have remained basically the same all through the centuries.
C) The toy industry has witnessed great leaps in technology in recent years.
D) Toys are playing an increasingly important role in shaping a child’s character.
9. Regarded as a kind of art form, toys ________.
A) follow a direct line of ascent B) also appeal greatly to adults
C) are not characterized by technological progress D) reflect the pace of social progress
10. The author uses the example of rattle to show that ________.
A) in toy-making there is a continuity in the sue of materials
B) even the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technology
C) even the simplest toys can reflect the progress of technology
D) even a simple toy can mirror the artistic tastes of the time
答案解析：
6-10 A D B C D
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