“Jarry”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了8篇考研英语如何更好地利用历年真题，以下是小编整理后的考研英语如何更好地利用历年真题，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
篇1：考研英语如何更好地利用历年真题
考研英语如何更好地利用历年真题
很多同学在考研英语的复习过程中，从一开始就热衷于做模拟题。这其实是一种得不偿失的复习方法。我们认为，作为复习的第一步，首先要把近十年的真题搞透。真题的价值是无法估量的，任何模拟题目都不能与之相比。也许有同学会问：“难道考过的东西还会再考吗？”当然不会允许同样的题目出现。我们提倡大家复习真题，不是为了押题，而是为了从真题中间找出出题的规律和做题的规律。只有从真题中总结出来的规律才是最有价值的。比如，通过对历年完型题目的分析，我们就可以找到很多特点和规律，它们对我们做题很有用处。举个例子，完型中有一类句子的特点是这样的：给你两个句子，前面的句子很短（尤其是谓语部分），后面的句子很长，然后要求你在两个句子之间填入一个恰当的词。的49题就是这样的一道题：
Concerns were raised (49) witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to ensure guilty verdicts.
A) what B) when C) which D) that
这个句子就具有我们上面讲的特点：前短后长。很多同学面对这样的题就觉得无从下手，因为句子的位置被颠倒了，他不知道在考什么。其实，如果对历年的真题做过细致的分析的话，很容易总结出一个规律，就是这种结构的句子往往在考英语的后置问题。这里考的是同位语后置，只有D选项是正确的。
从上面的例子我们可以看出，总结真题的'特点和规律对于正确做题有莫大的帮助。大家在复习的过程中要积极思考不断积累，久而久之就可以摸索出一套行之有效的做题方法。
另外，我们说要把真题搞透，并不是说大家把历年的真题做几遍就行了。所谓搞透，就是不仅要知道正确的答案还要知道错误的答案，不仅要把题目搞透还要把文章搞透。事实上，虽然每年的题目不会重复，但是考点是经常重复的。所以我们在复习的过程中一定要全面和细致。比如，20完型42题是这样的：
The interpretation of privacy controls contained in Europe legislation would be left to judges (42) to Parliament.
A) better than B) other than C) rather than D) sooner than
这里需要填入一个表示强对比的词组，C表示“而不是”，是正确答案。但是自己复习的过程中间仅仅知道C是正确答案是不够的。还必须知道其他几个选项的意义，尤其是B和D。
B有两个基本的意思：
（1） Except
e.g. All parts of the house other than the windows were in good conditions.
（2） Different from
e.g. The truth in other than what you think.
D选项没有这样的用法，但是我们知道有一个常用的短语是no sooner than，它表示“一……就……”的意思，使用的时候要注意时态，而且要注意倒装的问题。
e.g. I had no sooner (No sooner had I ) reached home than it began to rain.
上面这个题目本来是很简单的一个题目，如果仅仅把正确答案搞懂了是没有什么价值的。只有象我们讲的这样把相关的知识点都包括进来复习，才是真正有效的复习，以后考到类似的问题才可以迎刃而解。
总之，历年真题是任何其它复习资料都没有可能取代的。作为考研英语复习的第一步，大家一定要充分地利用和挖掘真题的价值，一定要在搞透真题的基础上再考虑其它的复习资料。
篇2：考研英语 如何利用英语历年真题
考研英语 如何利用英语历年真题
考研英语大纲出来后，基本上和去年没有实质性的变化，从历年的考研英语真题研究我们发现，在词汇和语法两个部分任然是重点，语法不在作为单独的考察项目出现，而是更加贴近我们的生活实际，阅读量的不断增大和翻译篇幅的加长上我们可以看出这点，然后在考研的冲刺阶段如何利用好历年的真题，作为考研多年的辅导专家我给大家一下几点建议：
第一、利用真题巩固词汇
词汇就是地基，虽然在基础阶段我们已经花费很多时间来记忆，但是记忆是会被时间遗忘的，所以要反复刺激我们的大脑重复记忆，然后我们也没有更多的时间拿着词汇书一个一个的过了，这个时候我们利用真题记忆词汇是最佳选择，因为真题中有历年我们常考词汇，再做题的时候我们不妨把一些我们不是掌握很好的词单独的写下来，并且将它的意思和后缀等还有所在语言环境中得应用，这样慢慢积累了我们就有自己的小小词汇册。每天只需要抽出几分钟的时候巩固一下这个小本即可。我在给学员的学习计划中很重视这一点的培养，效果比我们拿着厚厚的词汇重复记忆效率很高。
第二、考研真题中找语法的`影子
在历年考题的研究中我们会发现，我们以往所学过的任何语法项目都能在考研的真题当中找到影子，这是必然的，因为我们的知识结构就是这样的，很多同学不是很在意语法的复习认为只要词汇量到了就能读懂句子把题做对，其实不然，凭借语感做题只能解决我们短时间的达到做题的效果，这种方法其实只是治标不治本，最佳的解决方案是，拿出一本真题书，将自己所遇到的语法项目找出来，各个攻破，这才是绝招。
第三、深入分析句子、段落
真题中句子里面蕴含的意思，需要对其进行深入分析，包括它所涉及的语法项目和考点，将它和文章真题练习起来它在文章中起到什么作用，是不是主题句，单独拆分开我是不是能理解它的作用和意义，我能不能将其流畅的翻译出来，这个很关键，经常翻阅真的同学们可能会发现，一个句子的结构类型在文中出现的比例非常高，甚至每段都有重复，这就是他的关联性，倘若一个句子理解了，你能不能给你的同学或者朋友讲解，如果能顺利表达你的意思并能让对方理解那你就是成功的，至少你能说出一二三四五来，如此重复，定能达到“炉火纯青”你的英语学习也会有了质的飞跃。了解文章段落的结构模式，是总分总、还是总分结构，逻辑思维的培养有助于我们了解文章的特点和文章类型，分析的久了你会发现这其中的规律非常明显，一看文章你就知道这篇文章的类型时，你就明白了，考研其实不是那么难。
考研并不是人身中最重要的事情，它只是我们普通的一次考试而已，所以大家不用想的那么难，至少我感觉比起高考来说简单多了，只要坚持到最后都是胜利者，越是冲刺阶段越要调整好心态，最后希望大家2012考研金榜题名!
大学网考研频道。篇3：考研 如何利用英语历年真题
考研 如何利用英语历年真题
2012考研英语大纲出来后，基本上和去年没有实质性的变化，从历年的考研英语真题研究我们发现，在词汇和语法两个部分任然是重点，语法不在作为单独的考察项目出现，而是更加贴近我们的生活实际，阅读量的不断增大和翻译篇幅的加长上我们可以看出这点，然后在考研的冲刺阶段如何利用好历年的真题，给大家一下几点建议：
第一、利用真题巩固词汇
词汇就是地基，虽然在基础阶段我们已经花费很多时间来记忆，但是记忆是会被时间遗忘的，所以要反复刺激我们的大脑重复记忆，然后我们也没有更多的时间拿着词汇书一个一个的过了，这个时候我们利用真题记忆词汇是最佳选择，因为真题中有历年我们常考词汇，再做题的时候我们不妨把一些我们不是掌握很好的词单独的写下来，并且将它的意思和后缀等还有所在语言环境中得应用，这样慢慢积累了我们就有自己的小小词汇册。每天只需要抽出几分钟的时候巩固一下这个小本即可。我在给学员的学习计划中很重视这一点的培养，效果比我们拿着厚厚的词汇重复记忆效率很高。
第二、考研真题中找语法的影子
在历年考题的研究中我们会发现，我们以往所学过的任何语法项目都能在考研的真题当中找到影子，这是必然的，因为我们的知识结构就是这样的，很多同学不是很在意语法的复习认为只要词汇量到了就能读懂句子把题做对，其实不然，凭借语感做题只能解决我们短时间的达到做题的效果，这种方法其实只是治标不治本，最佳的解决方案是，拿出一本真题书，将自己所遇到的语法项目找出来，各个攻破，这才是绝招。
第三、深入分析句子、段落
真题中句子里面蕴含的意思，需要对其进行深入分析，包括它所涉及的语法项目和考点，将它和文章真题练习起来它在文章中起到什么作用，是不是主题句，单独拆分开我是不是能理解它的作用和意义，我能不能将其流畅的翻译出来，这个很关键，经常翻阅真的同学们可能会发现，一个句子的结构类型在文中出现的比例非常高，甚至每段都有重复，这就是他的关联性，倘若一个句子理解了，你能不能给你的.同学或者朋友讲解，如果能顺利表达你的意思并能让对方理解那你就是成功的，至少你能说出一二三四五来，如此重复，定能达到“炉火纯青”你的英语学习也会有了质的飞跃。了解文章段落的结构模式，是总分总、还是总分结构，逻辑思维的培养有助于我们了解文章的特点和文章类型，分析的久了你会发现这其中的规律非常明显，一看文章你就知道这篇文章的类型时，你就明白了，考研其实不是那么难。
考研并不是人身中最重要的事情，它只是我们普通的一次考试而已，所以大家不用想的那么难，至少我感觉比起高考来说简单多了，只要坚持到最后都是胜利者，越是冲刺阶段越要调整好心态，最后希望大家2012考研金榜题名！
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。篇4：考研英语真题大历年
考研英语真题答案及详细解析
Section I Use of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that __1_ the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by _2_ factors. But Dr Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big _3_ was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. _4_, he theorised that a judge _5_ of appearing too soft _6_crime might be more likely to send someone to prison __7_he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.
To __8__this idea, they turned their attention to the university-admissions process. In theory, the ____9___ of an applicant should not depend on the few others___10____ randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was____11____.
He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews _12_ by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had _13_ applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale _14_ numerous factors into consideration. The scores were _15_ used in conjunction with an applicant’s score on the GMAT, a standardised exam which is _16_out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.
Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one _17__ that, then the score for the next applicant would_18_ by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to_19_the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been _20__.
1. A grants B submits C transmits D dilivers
2. A minor B external C crucial D objective
3. A issue B vision C picture D moment
4. A Above all B On average C In principle D For example
5. A fond B fearful C capable D thoughtless
6. A in B for C to D on
7. A if B until C though D unless
8. A. test B.emphasize C.share D.promote
9. A.decision B.quality C.status D.success
10. A.found B.studied C.chosen D.identified
11. A.otherwise B.defensible C.replaceable D.exceptional
12. A. inspired B. expressed C. conducted D. secured
13. A. assigned B. rated C. matched D. arranged
14. A. put B. got C. took D. gave
15. A. instead B. then C. ever D. rather
16. A. selected B. passed C. marked D. introduced
17. A below B after C above D before
18. A jump B float C fluctuate D drop
19. A achieve B undo C maintain D disregard
20. A necessary B possible C promising D helpful
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions: Read the following fourtexts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text 1
In the film version of The Devil Wears Prada ,Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.
This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with the feverish would described in Overdressed, Eliazabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so ,advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara ,H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that –and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.
The victims of this revolution , of course ,are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.
Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. “Mass-produced clothing ,like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,” Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items per person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.
Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since has made all of her own clothes – and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can’t be knocked off.
Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment – including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to.
21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her
[A] poor bargaining skill.
[B] insensitivity to fashion.
[C] obsession with high fashion.
[D] lack of imagination.
22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to
[A] combat unnecessary waste.
[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.
[C] resist the influence of advertisements.
[D] shop for their garments more frequently.
23. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to
[A] accusation.
[B] enthusiasm.
[C] indifference.
[D] tolerance.
24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph?
[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.
[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.
[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.
[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.
25. What is the subject of the text?
[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.
[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.
[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.
[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.
Text 2
An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . In the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.
In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?
In December America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a “do not track ”(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests.
On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.
It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.
Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. Atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, M
Microsoft's chief privacy officer, bloggde:“we believe consumers should have more control.” Could it really be that simple?
26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:
[A] ease competition among themselves
[B] lower their operational costs
[C] avoid complaints from consumers
[D] provide better online services
27. “The industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:
[A] online advertisers
[B] e-commerce conductors
[C] digital information analysis
[D] internet browser developers
28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default
[A] many cut the number of junk ads
[B] fails to affect the ad industry
[C] will not benefit consumers
[D] goes against human nature
29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph.6?
[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose
[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT
[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers
[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads
30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:
[A] indulgence
[B] understanding
[C] appreciaction
[D] skepticism
Text 3
Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely - though by no means uniformly - glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.
Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.
But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years . Look up Homo sapiens in the “Red List” of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: “Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline.”
So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence .
Perhaps willfully , it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.
But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.
This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.
31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by
[A] our desire for lives of fulfillment
[B] our faith in science and technology
[C] our awareness of potential risks
[D] our belief in equal opportunity
32. The IUCN’s “Red List” suggest that human being are
[A] a sustained species
[B] a threaten to the environment
[C] the world’s dominant power
[D] a misplaced race
33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?
[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.
[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.
[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.
[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.
34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to
[A] explore our planet’s abundant resources
[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world
[C] draw on our experience from the past
[D] curb our ambition to reshape history
35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
[A] Uncertainty about Our Future
[B] Evolution of the Human Species
[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind
[D] Science, Technology and Humanity
Text 4
On a five to three vote,the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona's immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Aministration.But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the federal government and the states.
An arizona.United States,the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona's controversial plan to have state and local police enfour federal immigrations law.The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Anturalization” and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial.Arizona had attempted to fashion state police that ran to the existing federal ones.
Justice Anthony Kennedy,joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court's liberals,ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun .On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately “occupied the field ” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal's privileged powers
However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.
Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute. The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.
The 8-0 objection to President Obama tures on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”. The White House argued tha Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter. In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.
Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government,and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status,it could.It could.It never did so.The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn't want to carry out Congress's immigration wishes,no state should be allowed to do so either.Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.
36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they
[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.
[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.
[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.
[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.
37. On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4?
[A] Federal officers’ duty to withhold immigrants’information.
[B] States’ independence from federal immigration law.
[C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.
[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.
38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts
[A] violated the Constitution.
[B] undermined the states’ interests.
[C] supported the federal statute.
[D] stood in favor of the states.
39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement
[A] outweighs that held by the states.
[B] is dependent on the states’ support.
[C] is established by federal statutes.
[D] rarely goes against state laws.
40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?
[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.
[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.
[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.
[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.
Part B
Directions:
In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points)
The social sciences are flourishing.As of ,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since .
Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security,sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to arificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.
(42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter:there is no radical innovation without creative destruction .
Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates,rather than on topics with external impact.
Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since ,(43)____
When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is often local:Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.
The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.
The trick is to direct these funds better.The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists.This year,it was proposed that system be changed:Horizon ,a new program to be enacted in ,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists.But the intention is not to neglect social science ; rather ,the complete opposite.(45)____That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.
[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of social
scientists:one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly
specialized journals,and one that is problem-oriented and publishing
elsewhere,such as policy briefs.
[B] However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the
100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these
Keywords.
[C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.
[D] the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.
[E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior . all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemming climate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.
[F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development .
[G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.
Part C
Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; (46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that , for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak os various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.
One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,” to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. (47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the foemer becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. (48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.
Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, (49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call arrangement of materials, an institution of colors, small pool of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. (50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia- a yearning for contact with nonhuman life-assuming uncanny representational forms.
46. yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges beyond that of decoration and creative expression.
47. A sacred place of peace, however, crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelt which is a distinctly animal need.
48. The gardens of the homeless which are in efffect homeless garden introduce from in to an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such
49 . Mast of us give in to a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions until one day we find ourselves in a garden and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic
50. It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of the word garden, though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions.
Section III Writing
Part A
51.Directions:
Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college,inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest.
You should include the details you think necessary.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail.Use “Li Ming”instead.
Do not write the address.(10 points)
Part B
52.Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing .In your essay,you should
1) describe the drawing briefly.
2) interpret its intended meaning ,and
3) give your comments.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20points)
英语答案
1.A(grants)
2. B(external)
3. C(picture)
4. D(for example)
5. B(fearful)
6. D(on)
7. A(if)
8. A(test)
9. D(success)
10.C(chosen)
11.A(otherwise)
12.C(conducted)
13.B(rated)
14.C(took)
15.B(then)
16.C(marked)
17.D(before)
18.D(drop)
19.B(undo)
20.A(necessary)
Text 1
21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her
[B] insensitivity to fashion.
22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to
[D] shop for their garments more frequently.
23. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to
[A] accusation.
24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph
[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing
25. What is the subject of the text
[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.
Text 2
26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:
[B] lower their operational costs
27. “The industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:
[A] online advertisers
28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default
[C] will not benefit consumers
29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph.6
[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose
30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:
[D] skepticism
Text3
31·[B] our faith in science and technology
32·[A] a sustained species
33·[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive
34·[C] draw onour experience from the past
35·[C] TheEver-bright Prospects of Mankind
Text 4
36. [C]overstepped the authority of federal immigration law
37. [C]States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.
38. [D]stood in favor of the states
39. [A] outweighs that held by the states
40. [B]Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.
41.[E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior .all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemming climate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.
42.[F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development .
43.[B] However, the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the 100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these keywords.
44.[G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.
45.[C] the idea is to force social scientists to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy;and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.
46. 然而,令人震惊的是,当人们看到又无家可归者建造的花园照片时,由于风格的多样性,所有这些花园显示了超越了装饰与创造性表现的其它各种各样的基本诉求.
47.尽管可能有点简陋,但这一神圣和平之地明显象征着人类需求,就好比外壳明显象征着动物需求.
48. 那些无家可归者的花园实际上是“无家可归”的家园,同花园被引入了城市,在那儿,它们之前即不存在也未曾像这样可以被辨识.
49 . 我们中的大部分人屈服于道德败坏,在某些心理状态下我们通常归咎于道德败坏,直到有一天我们发现自己身处花园,压迫感奇迹般地消失了.
50. 尽管在某种被解放的意义上,但正是这种含蓄或明显的对大自然的引用认可了使用“花园”一词来描述这些被合成的建筑。
51.
Dear Mr. Smith,
As a member of the Students’ Union, I am writing this letter to request whether you could serve as a judge in the English speech contest to be held in our university next Saturday.
This contest aims at improving the students’ communicative and practical ability in English, the details of which are as follows. To begin with, the participants are mainly the seniors who will step into the society three months later. In addition, the theme is concerning the utmost significance of future choice after graduation.
It is my sincere hope that you can present yourself in this extracurricular activity. I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
52. 参考范文：
The set of cartoon given above dramatically features a scene of college graduates choosing their future destination. When stepping out of the ivory tower, the would-be graduates will confront with multiple choices, such as hunting a job, taking part in National Entrance Examination for MS/MA. What is conveyed in the picture carries a far-reaching implication for both us and our society.
The drawing is designed to remind us of the crucial importance of the distinctive goal in future development, which is a practical issue confronting every would-be graduate. On the one hand, for a real road, if stepping on a wrong way, one can return to the original point, but life is a one-way journey: one cannot start it all over again. Different choices in life may make great differences. On the other hand, to some extent, future is a combination of choices and efforts. Some people even believe that one’s success depends more on how intelligently he chooses than on how diligently he works. With a wrong direction the farther we go, the farther we are away from our dream.
Therefore, positive mental guidance must be popularized among the public, especially the young to help them keep a clear mind and make wise choices in the life journey. Besides, every youngster should be educated to realize his position and the reality and choose his life goal in a down-to-earth manner. Only with a right direction and destination can all the efforts make towards our dream pay off.
篇5：考研数学：如何有效利用历年真题
考研数学：如何有效利用历年真题
考研数学80%以上的题目都是在考查考生对基本概念、基本理论、基本运算的掌握，那掌握到什么程度就可以达到考试的要求了呢？这个标准就是考试大纲。对于计算方法（包括部分性质的使用），有两种不同的要求：一种为掌握，另一种为会用或会求。如使用的词是“掌握”，则说明要求考生不仅能正确使用该计算方法，保证不出错，而且能熟练、灵活运用该方法，包括掌握某些方法中的技巧点；如使用的是“会求、会用”，则对此类计算要求相对低。因此在考研数学的复习过程中就要求考生应针对不同的要求把握复习的重点，并恰当地分配时间。
动手做题
巩固了基础概念后，就应该把“理论”与“实际”结合起来了，也就是做题，做题是最好的检验基础是否扎实的方法。做题可以掌握做题的方法，积累解题的思路，对所学内容逐步进行练习，最后达到看到题目就可以将步骤一字不差的解出来。这个阶段做题主要做课本上的例题还有课后的练习题。很多考生喜欢看题，对照着答案看了一遍觉得懂了，这样做是不对的。不实际的做题是肯定不会知道自己到底是在哪一步卡住而使题做不下去了。所以一定要动手做题，“眼高手低”是复习中的大忌。
通过做题也可以透彻理解各章节的知识点及其应用，达到相辅相成的理想复习效果。第一遍复习时，需要认真研究各种题型的求解思路和方法，做到心中有数，同时对自己的强项和薄弱环节有清楚的认识，这样在第二遍复习的时候就可以有针对性地加强自己不擅长的题型的练习了，经过这样的系统梳理，相信解题能力一定会有飞跃性的提高。
1.做历年真题
在做真题的时候一定要全身心的投入，把每一年的真题当做考试题来做，把握好时间，将做每份真题的时间控制在两个半小时之内，做完之后按照考研阅卷人给出的评分标准对自己的试卷进行打分，记录并分析试卷中出错的地方，找出与阅卷人所给答案不符合的地方，逐渐完善自己的做题思路，逐渐向阅卷人的思路靠拢。另外除了做真题之外大家还要学会总结归纳历年真题，将历年真题中的`考点列成表格，这样可以有助于大家预测考点。
2.做全真模拟题与参考书中的基础题
其次，要做典型题。做题时要有这样一种态度：做题是对知识点掌握情况的检验，在做题过程中不能只是为了做题而做题，要积极、主动的思考，这样才能更深入的理解、掌握知识，所学的知识才能变成自己的知识，这样才能使自己具有独立的解题能力。从历年的考研真题来看，线性代数的计算量比较大，但出纯计算的可能性比较少，一般都是证明中带有计算，抽象中夹带计算。所以考生在做题时要注意证明题的逻辑严紧性，掌握一些知识点在证明一些结论时的基本使用方法，虽然线性代数的考试可以考的很灵活，但这些基本知识点的使用方法却比较固定，只要熟练掌握各种拼接方式即可。
模拟题难度一般高于真题，所以做的不好大家也不要灰心，要承受住压力。除了这些最重要的还是要做基础题，真题中大部分考的都是基础题，大家一定要把基础题的分数拿到。
3.养成认真的做题习惯
很多复习了很长的同学都会出现明明题目会做可就是拿不上分，多数情况是解题不认真。在试卷上大题还好些，还有步骤分，小题就惨了，一分没有。所以认真解题要从最开始复习时就引起高度的重视。出现这样的同学大多数都是在纸上演算潦草，经常画得乱七八糟，不认真，想回过头查找一下某道题的计算过程，是很难的一件事。所以在复习初期训练自己合理使用草稿纸，尽量写的规整一些，认真一些，这样会减少错误率。平时做题也不要在试卷上演算做答，尽量都在草稿纸上。以上方法虽然不能说是考研数学制胜法宝，但通过对我们的考研学员调查与数据分析中发现，养成认真习惯能提高考研数学成绩5-8分，这只是一个平均分，大家的情况也各不相同，所以考生们要从考研数学初期就要注意这些细节。
4.勤记笔记
建议考生在复习时准备两个笔记本，一个是整理自己在复习当中遇到的不懂的知识点、公式、定理：另一个是错题本，把自己在复习中遇到的错题积累起来。在复习前期时看不出这两个本子有什么重要作用，但越复习到最后就会发现两个本子的重要性了，这两个本子就是考研冲刺复习时最适合自己的复习资料。
考生们如果可以把上述四点做好，那就为考研数学定可拿到一个比较满意的成绩。当然，还需要大家持之以恒的坚持，加油！
篇6：考研数学复习：如何利用历年真题
考研数学复习：如何利用历年真题
对于历年考研数学真题，虽然辅导老师偶有提及，很多考生也仅仅是用来做几遍题，了解一下考试题型就束之高阁了。然后按照辅导书进行做题复习。其实，这种做法并没有把真题的作用完全发挥出来。历年真题应该贯穿在整个考研复习过程中，如果历年真题利用的好，将为你节省考研数学的复习时间、保持清晰的复习思路。下面，就介绍一下如何充分利用考研真题。
一、把握复习重点
在基础复习阶段，很多人都以为这个时候还用不到历年真题，只看教材做练习题就够了。这种观点是片面的，其实这个时候，要看历年真题，但可以不做，看至少五年真题涉及到的知识点，把涉及到的知识点都列出来并把重复出现的知识点特别标出，或者结合市面上一些对历年真题解析分类的辅导书，把考过的知识点以及知识点出现的.频率列出来，做到心中有数。建议的考生在复习时，对于在真题中重复出现的知识点要重点加强、全面细致的复习;对于真题涉及到的知识点和题型要重点复习。当然，结合去年的考试大纲(此阶段可能新考试大纲还没出来)，对其他知识点按照大纲要求也要全面复习。这样，会使复习有侧重点，便于考生把握复习重点，更接近考研。
二、感受出题思路
到了巩固提高阶段，考生就应该有意识的做历年的题，比如复习到极限的时候，除了作自己计划的巩固提高题目之外，还要把最近五年出现的极限真题都做一下，感受一下这几年命题中心在这个知识点上是如何出题的，并尝试一下自己在这类题型上是否胸有成竹。做过之后，可以发现自己的复习与真题的差距，从而寻找出合适的缩短差距的办法，以使自己的提高落到实处。
三、发现命题规律
在巩固训练阶段，考生可能按照知识点分别练习了真题中的题目。在模拟训练阶段，复习以作套题的形式出现。这个时候，要按照时间成套的做模拟题，当然也要成套的做历年真题，争取在规定的考试时间内把5-7年的真题分套练习。这样，可以整套把握真题的出题规律，从而让自己习惯这类题的出题方式。一般短期内，命题思路和规律不会有太大的改变，所以熟悉了之前几年的命题规律，有利于坦然面对考试。
四、寻找考试感觉
在最后一个月，基本上是查缺补漏阶段了，虽然这个阶段主要是查找薄弱地方，赶快弥补，但还是要保持做整套题的感觉。这个时候做套题还是以做历年真题为宜，虽然上个阶段可能已做过几遍。这个时候还要做一做，是要找到那种上“战场”的感觉。
总之，希望考生们能够把真题利用到最大化，节约复习时间，取得复习效果最大化。最后预祝给位考生都能够取得优异的成绩。
篇7：考研英语历年真题高频词组
考研英语历年真题高频词组
1.at the cost of 以……为代价
2.in charge （of） 负责，主管
3.（a） round the clock 昼夜不停地
4.in common 共用，共有，共同
5.in conclusion 最后，总之
6.on condition that 在……条件下
7.in confidence 信任
8.in connection with/to 关于
9.in consequence 因此，结果
10.in consequence of 由于……的缘故
11.on the contrary 反之，正相反
12.in contrast with/to 与……成对照
13.out of control 失去控制
14.under control 被控制住
15.at all costs 不惜任何代价
篇8：如何正确对待考研英语历年真题
如何正确对待考研英语历年真题
我觉得，对真题应该持一分为二的辩证态度。一，就历届真题而言，应把重点放在分析最近几年的真题上，做到分析过去，总结规律，因为近几年的真题在很大程度上反映了现在考研英语试题的命题动向，如题材、难度、命题思路、命题形式等。可见，从近几年的'真题中我们可以洞察到明年试题的方向和趋势，因此对考生现在的复习具有重要的指导价值。对于2001年以后的真题作为复习资料操练是很有必要的，但决不能只看十年真题。因为十年真题题量不够。如阅读理解Part A，十年真题总共才40篇。仅靠40篇文章来应对明年考研肯定是不够的。
二，对近几年的真题的操练应在教师的直接指导下来进行，以便克服盲目性、增强自觉性、提高针对性。有的真题具有方向性、典型性，但也有少量真题命题不当。所以应由辅导老师进行去粗取精、去伪存真、由此及彼、由表及里的分析取舍。盲目做题，犹如瞎子摸象。只见现象、不见本质，只见局部、不见整体。一般来说，教师对近年真题有比较深入的研究，因此经过教师指导，考生可以迅速进入考研的切入点，从而辨明方向、改进方法、提高效率、节省时间，举一反三、事半功倍。
三，必须根据自身情况做一定量的模拟试题。模拟试题的选择十分重要。要选用有经验且认真负责的老师编写的辅导资料。可以向你们师兄、师姐请教一下，征求他/她们的意见作为选择参考。
四，有的考生说，真题应放到考前做。否则现在做完了，以后没有了。我认为这种说法不妥。我们准备考研时应首先接触真题，以便尽快进入考研状况：了解试题现状、体验试题难度、找出自身差距、明确前进方向等等。我的意见是，先做部分真题，再做部分模拟试题，交错进行，互相比对，去判断模拟试题的质量，去自测自己的语言能力和应试能力。
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