恢复文档备份 WPS如何找回丢失文档

“暑假跑过去”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了9篇恢复文档备份 WPS如何找回丢失文档，下面是小编帮大家整理后的恢复文档备份 WPS如何找回丢失文档，希望对大家带来帮助，欢迎大家分享。

恢复文档备份 WPS如何找回丢失文档

篇1：恢复文档备份 WPS如何找回丢失文档

为什么陈老师想删的东西都删不了，你的文档断个电就不见了？不要抓狂了，WPS告诉你文档有take 2，只要你会用， 1、系统抽筋了、跳闸断电了，编辑的内容不见了怎么办？砸电脑也没用，最新版的WPS有崩溃恢复功能。也可以点击左上角“WPS文字”- 备份管理找找历史文档。

2、WPS默认备份间隔为10分钟，如果你打字每分钟超150，嫌间隔太长，可缩短一下时间间隔，

（左上角“WPS文字-选项-常规与保存-恢复选项”）

3、还觉得不够安全，想在不同的电脑上都看到备份文档吗？在“办公空间”选项卡下，登录你的快盘账号，再开启“自动备份”，这时文档便签会变成绿色，你的文档每一次保存，都会对应的在云端快盘生成一个备份文档。这样无论你到哪里，都能看到不同时期保存下来的备份。

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篇2：FinalData一键恢复找回丢失的照片

你电脑中所存储的照片，是你记录留念难忘时刻、精彩瞬间的重要资料，常常也因误删或者电脑的一些故障，致使照片彻底（清空了回收站）地被删除掉了，对此，你可能痛苦不已，那么，有没有办法再找回这些丢失的照片呢？难道这些照片就真的彻底消失了吗？别着急，给你介绍一款简单好用并且实力强大的数据恢复软件――FinalData。这款软件可以轻松帮助你找回那些已经被彻底删除的照片，免除你的噩梦。

Step01首先在进行文件恢复前，应尽量减少对硬盘的读写，这样我们的恢复成功率才会更好。解压软件之后运行向导模式（FdWizard.exe）。在向导模式中，我们可以看到这款软件具备恢复文件、恢复E-mail以及专门的恢复Office文件。由于本次我们要恢复的文件是照片，那么请点击第一项完成这一步的操作。

step02在第二步中，FinalData有3个选项，

分别是：已删除文件、丢失数据以及丢失的驱动器。这3个选项的区别在于第一项是用于恢复主动删除的文件，而第二项则是用于删除因硬盘问题丢失的数据，而第三项则是恢复丢失的硬盘分区。如果你只是单纯的恢复文件，那么请选择第一项。

step03在选择了被删除文件之前所在的盘符之后，就可以点击扫描进行磁盘扫描了。当扫描结束之后，可以看到各种类型的被删除文件。如果一个一个去寻找我们所要恢复的文件必然会十分麻烦，所幸，这款软件提供了筛选功能，点击筛选就可以进行自定义文件显示，并且可以选择时间段，可以说相当的人性化。在结束设置之后我们就可以选择需要恢复的文件进行恢复了。

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篇3：备份恢复笔试题

1:备份如何分类

2:归档是什么含义

3:如果一个表在-08-04 10:30:00 被drop，在有完善的归档和备份的.情况下，如何恢复

4:rman是什么，有何特点 )

5:standby的特点

6:对于一个要求恢复时间比较短的系统(数据库50G,每天归档5G)，你如何设计备份策略

篇4：逻辑备份与恢复

oracle227

逻辑备份与恢复备份与恢复简介：

备份是数据库中数据的副本，它可以保护数据在出现意外

损失时最大限度的恢复，

Oracle数据库的备份包括以下两种类型：

物理备份是对数据库的操作系统物理文件（如数据文件、控制文件和日志文件等）的备份:RMAN备份

逻辑备份是对数据库逻辑组件（如表、视图和存储过程等数据库对象）的备份：imp[dp]/exp[dp]

故障类型：

导致数据库操作中止的故障包括四种类型：

语句故障：在执行 SQL 语句无效可导致语句故障。

用户进程故障：当用户程序出错而无法访问数据库时发生用户进程故障。导致用户进程故障的原因是异常断开连接或异常终止进程

实例故障：当 Oracle 的数据库实例由于硬件或软件问题而无法继续运行时，就会发生实例故障

介质故障：在数据库无法正确读取或写入某个数据库文件时，会发生介质故障

语句故障select * from aa;//假如aa表并不存在的情况不需要处理用户进程故障用户（死机、用户进程消失了）<――>连接<――>服务器（pmon进程处理，监测到客户端进程消失后马上就把serverPro杀死掉）不需要处理实例故障oracle服务器死机、坏掉了，通过重启oracle就可以解决实例故障不需要处理介质故障硬盘坏了导致数据文件丢失或者损坏了需要dba来进行处理

传统的导入导出：

简介：传统的导出导入程序用于实施数据库的逻辑备份和恢复导出程序将数据库中的对象定义和数据备份到一个操作系统二进制文件中导入程序读取二进制导出文件并将对象和数据载入数据库中传统的导出导入程序是客户端工具。

导出和导入实用程序的特点有：可以按时间保存表结构和数据允许导出指定的表，并重新导入到新的数据库中可以把数据库迁移到另外一台异构服务器上在两个不同版本的Oracle数据库之间传输数据在联机状态下进行备份和恢复可以重新组织表的存储结构，减少链接及磁盘碎片

使用以下三种方法调用导出和导入实用程序：

1，交互提示符：以交互的方式提示用户逐个输入参数的值。

2，命令行参数：在命令行指定执行程序的参数和参数值。

3，参数文件：允许用户将运行参数和参数值存储在参数文件中，以便重复使用参数

导出和导入数据库对象的四种模式是：四种模式独立互斥的，不能同时存在

1，数据库模式：导出和导入整个数据库中的所有对象

2，表空间模式：导出和导入一个或多个指定的表空间中的所有对象

3，用户模式：导出和导入一个用户模式中的所有对象

4，表模式：导出和导入一个或多个指定的表或表分区表的高水位线可以使用导入导出来下降

导出操作的基本命令参数：

参数

说明

USERID

确定执行导出实用程序的用户名和口令

BUFFER

确定导出数据时所使用的缓冲区大小，其大小用字节表示

FILE

指定导出的二进制文件名称，默认的扩展名是.dmp

FULL

指定是否以全部数据库方式导出，只有授权用户才可使用此参数

OWNER

要导出的数据库用户列表

HELP

指定是否显示帮助消息和参数说明

ROWS

确定是否要导出表中的数据

TABLES

按表方式导出时，指定需导出的表和分区的名称

PARFILE

指定传递给导出实用程序的参数文件名

TABLESPACES

按表空间方式导出时，指定要导出的表空间名

[root@ localhost ~]# su - oracle[oracle@ localhost ~]$ clear[oracle@ localhost ~]$ cd $ORACLE_BASE[oracle@ localhost oracle]$ lsadmin archive cfgtoollogs checkpoints diag flash_recovery_area oradata pl_sql_pacakge[oracle@ localhost oracle]$ mkdir - p test_imp_exp[oracle@ localhost oracle]$ cd test_imp_exp/[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ ls[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ pwd/u01 /app /oracle /test_imp_exp[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ sqlplus hr/ hr@ jiagulun

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Tue Jan 20 23: 50: 52

Connected to :Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - 64 bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>select * from student;

ID NAMEAGE---------- -------------------- ----------

SQL>select * from address;

XH ZZ---------- ----------

SQL>exit;Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp help =y--通过这个来查看关于exp命令的解释

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Jan 20 23:51:56 2015

You can let Export prompt you for parameters by entering the EXPcommand followed by your username/password :

Example: EXP SCOTT/TIGER

Or, you can control how Export runs by entering the EXP command followedby various arguments. To specify parameters, you use keywords:

Format: EXP KEYWORD= value or KEYWORD =(value1 ,value2 ,... ,valueN ) Example: EXP SCOTT/TIGER GRANTS=Y TABLES=( EMP, DEPT, MGR) or TABLES=( T1: P1, T1: P2), if T1 is partitioned table

USERID must be the first parameter on the command line.

Keyword Description (Default )KeywordDescription (Default )--------------------------------------------------------------------------USERID username/password FULL export entire file (N )BUFFER size of data buffer OWNER list of owner usernamesFILE output files (EXPDAT.DMP ) TABLES list of table namesCOMPRESS import into one extent (Y ) RECORDLENGTH length of IO recordGRANTS export grants (Y) INCTYPEincremental export typeINDEXES export indexes (Y ) RECORD track incr. export (Y )DIRECT direct path (N )TRIGGERS export triggers (Y )LOG log file of screen output STATISTICS analyze objects (ESTIMATE )ROWS export data rows (Y ) PARFILEparameter filenameCONSISTENT cross- table consistency (N ) CONSTRAINTS export constraints (Y )

OBJECT_CONSISTENT transaction set to read only during object export (N )FEEDBACK display progress every x rows (0 )FILESIZE maximum size of each dump fileFLASHBACK_SCN SCN used to set session snapshot back toFLASHBACK_TIME time used to get the SCN closest to the specified timeQUERY select clause used to export a subset of a tableRESUMABLEsuspend when a space related error is encountered (N )RESUMABLE_NAME text string used to identify resumable statementRESUMABLE_TIMEOUT wait time for RESUMABLETTS_FULL_CHECK perform. full or partial dependency check for TTSVOLSIZE number of bytes to write to each tape volumeTABLESPACES list of tablespaces to exportTRANSPORT_TABLESPACE export transportable tablespace metadata (N)TEMPLATE template name which invokes iAS mode export

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp hr/ hr@ jiagulun tables =student file=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_student_file.dbf log=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_student_log.log

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 00:05:42 2015--上面的命令为通过导出表的模式导出student表

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path .... . exporting tableSTUDENT 4 rows exportedExport terminated successfully without warnings.[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ ! ls - als - a. .. expdat.dmp hr_student_file.dbf hr_student_log.log

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp hr/ hr@ jiagulun tablespaces= users file=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_tbs_users_file.dbf log=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_tbs_users_log.log

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 00:08:23 2015--导出表空间

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing optionsEXP-00023 : must be a DBA to do Full Database or Tablespace export--假如是导出数据库或者恶表空间需要dba来做(2) U( sers), or ( 3) T( ables): ( 2) U >u--自动跳到了交互提示符模式：exp

Export grants (yes /no ): yes >yes

Export table data (yes /no ): yes >yes

Compress extents (yes /no ): yes >yes

Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

About to export selected tablespaces ...

. exporting referential integrity constraints. exporting triggersExport terminated successfully with warnings.[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ lsexpdat.dmp hr_student_file.dbf hr_student_log.log hr_tbs_users_file.dbf hr_tbs_users_log.log[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ lltotal 40-rw -r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jan 21 00:02 expdat.dmp-rw -r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 16384 Jan 21 00:05 hr_student_file.dbf-rw -r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 427 Jan 21 00:05 hr_student_log.log-rw -r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 16384 Jan 21 00:10 hr_tbs_users_file.dbf-rw -r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 463 Jan 21 00:10 hr_tbs_users_log.log[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Jan 21 00: 11: 22 2015

Connected to :Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - 64 bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>create user test1 identified by test1;

User created.

SQL>grant connect, resource to test1 ;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> create table test_export_tab(id number (20 ),name varchar2 (20 ));

Table created.

SQL>insert into test_export_tab values( 1, ‘zhangsan‘);

1 row created.

SQL>exit;Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp hr/ hr@ jiagulun tables=test1.test_export_tab file=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_test1_tab_file.dbf log=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_test1_tab_log.log

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 00:20:07 2015--导出不同用户的表

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...EXP-00009 : no privilege to export TEST1 ‘s table TEST_EXPORT_TABExport terminated successfully with warnings.--导出不同用户的数据信息必须有权限[oracle@localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp system/oracle@jiagulun tables=test1.test_export_tab file=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_test1_tab_file.dbf log=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/hr_test1_tab_log.log

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 00:23:48 2015--system用户可以导出不同用户数据

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path ...Current user changed to TEST1. . exporting table TEST_EXPORT_TAB 1 rows exportedExport terminated successfully without warnings.

导入操作的基本命令参数：

参数

说明

USERID

指定执行导入的用户名和密码

BUFFER

指定用来读取数据的缓冲区大小，以字节为单位

COMMIT

指定是否在每个数组（其大小由BUFFER参数设置）插入后进行提交

FILE

指定要导入的二进制文件名

FROMUSER

指定要从导出转储文件中导入的用户模式

TOUSER

指定要将对象导入的用户名。FROMUSER与TOUSER可以不同

FULL

指定是否要导入整个导出转储文件

TABLES

指定要导入的表的列表

ROWS

指定是否要导入表中的行

PARFILE

指定传递给导入实用程序的参数文件名，此文件可以包含这里列出的所有参数

IGNORE

导入时是否忽略遇到的错误，默认为N

TABLESPACES

按表空间方式导入，列出要导入的表空间名

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp hr/ hr@ jiagulun tables = student,address file = $ORACLE_BASE /test_imp_exp /hr_stu_add log = $ORACLE_BASE/test_imp_exp /hr_stu_add

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 00:56:30 2015--导出文件的表不是table=(tab1,tab2)而是如上面所示

About to export specified tables via Conventional Path .... . exporting tableSTUDENT 4 rows exported. . exporting tableADDRESS 4 rows exportedExport terminated successfully without warnings.[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ lshr_stu_add.dmp hr_stu_add.log[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ sqlplus hr/ hr

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Jan 21 00: 57: 04 2015

Connected to :Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - 64 bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>drop table address;

Table dropped.

SQL>drop table student;

Table dropped.

SQL>commit;

Commit complete.

SQL>purge recyclebin;--清除回收站

Recyclebin purged.

Import: Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 00 :59 :27 2015--导入表到自己当中去

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT: V11.02.00 via conventional pathimport done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set. importing HR‘s objects into HR. importing HR‘ s objects into HR. . importing table “STUDENT” 4 rows imported. . importing table “ADDRESS” 4 rows importedAbout to enable constraints...Import terminated successfully without warnings.[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ imp hr/hr@jiagulun file=$ORACLE_BASE/test_imp_exp/hr_stu_add.dmp fromuser =hr touser=test1

Import: Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 01 :00 :31 2015--通过其他用户把表导入到另外用户中去

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT: V11.02.00 via conventional pathimport done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character setIMP- 00007: must be a DBA to import objects to another user ‘s accountIMP-00000: Import terminated unsuccessfully--通过其他用户把表导入到另外用户中去，这是不行的[oracle@localhost test_imp_exp]$ imp test1/test1@jiagulun file=$ORACLE_BASE/test_imp_exp/hr_stu_add.dmp fromuser=hr touser=test1 tables=student

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 01:01:26 2015--自己导入其他用户的表到自己当中去

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

Warning: the objects were exported by HR, not by you--可以导入，但是会有警告

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set. importing HR‘ s objects into TEST1. . importing table “STUDENT” 4 rows importedImport terminated successfully without warnings.[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ imp system/ oracle@ jiagulun file=$ORACLE_BASE/test_imp_exp/hr_stu_add.dmp fromuser =hr touser=test1 tables= address

Import: Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 01 :02 :00 2015--通过system导入其他表到另外用户中可以

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT: V11.02.00 via conventional path

Warning: the objects were exported by HR , not by you--通过system导入其他表到另外用户中可以但也会有警告出现

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set. importing HR‘s objects into TEST1. . importing table “ADDRESS” 4 rows importedAbout to enable constraints...Import terminated successfully without warnings.[oracle@localhost test_imp_exp]$ sqlpus test1/test1-bash: sqlpus: command not found[oracle@localhost test_imp_exp]$ sqlplus test1/test1

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Jan 21 01:02:22 2015

Connected to:Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>select * from tab;

TNAME TABTYPE CLUSTERID------------------------------ ------- ----------ADDRESSTABLESTUDENTTABLETEST_EXPORT_TAB TABLE

SQL>假如我想导入用户已经存在的表：需要添加ignore参数下面是通过交互提示符的方式导入的：没有添加ignore

[oracle@localhost test_imp_exp]$ imp

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 01:33:00 2015

Username: test1

Password:

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Import data only (yes/no): no >

Import file: expdat.dmp >hr_stu_add.dmp

Enter insert buffer size (minimum is 8192) 30720>

Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

Warning: the objects were exported by HR, not by you

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

List contents of import file only (yes/no): no >

Ignore create error due to object existence (yes/no): no >

Import grants (yes/no): yes >

Import table data (yes/no): yes >

Import entire export file (yes/no): no >

Username: hr

Enter table(T) or partition(T:P) names. Null list means all tables for user

Enter table(T) or partition(T:P) name or . if done: .

. importing HR‘s objects into TEST1

IMP-00015: following statement failed because the object already exists:

“CREATE TABLE ”STUDENT“ (”ID“ NUMBER(10, 0), ”NAME“ VARCHAR2(20), ”AGE“ NUMB”

“ER(10, 0)) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 6”

“5536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1 FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DE”

“FAULT) LOGGING NOCOMPRESS”

IMP-00015: following statement failed because the object already exists:

“CREATE TABLE ”ADDRESS“ (”XH“ NUMBER, ”ZZ“ VARCHAR2(10)) PCTFREE 10 PCTUSED”

“ 40 INITRANS 1 MAXTRANS 255 STORAGE(INITIAL 65536 NEXT 1048576 MINEXTENTS 1”

“ FREELISTS 1 FREELIST GROUPS 1 BUFFER_POOL DEFAULT) LOGG”

“ING NOCOMPRESS”

Import terminated successfully with warnings.下面是通过参数文件的方式导入的：添加ignore

file=$ORACLE_BASE/test_imp_exp/hr_stu_add.dmp

ignore=y

fromuser=hr

touser=test1

[oracle@localhost test_imp_exp]$ imp test1/test1@jiagulun parfile=imp_by_spfile

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 01:46:58 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT:V11.02.00 via conventional path

Warning: the objects were exported by HR, not by you

import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set

. importing HR‘s objects into TEST1

. . importing table “STUDENT”

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_STUDENT) violated

Column 1 1

Column 2 ????

Column 3 20

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_STUDENT) violated

Column 1 2

Column 2 ????

Column 3 25

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_STUDENT) violated

Column 1 3

Column 2 ????

Column 3 30

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_STUDENT) violated

Column 1 4

Column 2 ????

Column 3 30 0 rows imported

. . importing table “ADDRESS”

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_ADDRESS) violated

Column 1 3

Column 2 ????

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_ADDRESS) violated

Column 1 2

Column 2 ???

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_ADDRESS) violated

Column 1 1

Column 2 ????

IMP-00019: row rejected due to ORACLE error 1

IMP-00003: ORACLE error 1 encountered

ORA-00001: unique constraint (TEST1.PK_ADDRESS) violated

Column 1 4

Column 2 ???? 0 rows imported

About to enable constraints...

Import terminated successfully with warnings.

[oracle@localhost test_imp_exp]$

之所以会出现建表语句是因为exp操作就是把数据库中的表的建表信息，数据信息，对象信息全部转换成sql语句当使用Imp的其实也就是执行里面的sql语句。当ignore设置为Y时，oracle会忽略其中的错误重新执行一遍建表操作，数据插入操作等

可传输表空间：下面模拟两个不同主机下的不同数据库进行表空间的传输操作：

明确什么事自包含？

就是要传输的表空间的对象中被建立的对象存放在其他表空间中：例如表，可以把表的索引建立在其他的表空间中，这样就不是自包含了。

在Linux下进行的传输表空间：

[oracle@ localhost imp_tran_file]$ sqlplus / as sysdba--sys登录oracle数据库

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Jan 21 18: 06: 45 2015

Connected to :Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - 64 bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>create tablespace test_tran_ts datafile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/jiagulun/test_tran_ts_file.dbf‘ size 10 m;

Tablespace created.--创建表空间

恢复文档备份 WPS如何找回丢失文档 SQL>create table test_tran_tab1 (id number ,name varchar2 (20 )) tablespace test_tran_ts ;

Table created.--在该表空间中创建表

SQL> alter tablespace test_tran_ts read only;

Tablespace altered.--修改表空间为只读的状态

[oracle@ localhost imp_tran_file]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Jan 21 18: 18: 58 2015

Connected to :Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - 64 bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>exec dbms_tts.transport_set_check (test_tran_ts ,true );BEGIN dbms_tts.transport_set_check (test_tran_ts ,true ); END;

*ERROR at line 1:ORA-06550 : line 1, column 36 :PLS-00201 : identifier ‘TEST_TRAN_TS‘ must be declaredORA-06550 : line 1, column 7 :PL/SQL: Statement ignored

SQL>exec dbms_tts.transport_set_check (‘test_tran_ts‘ ,true );--检查表空间的是否是自包含

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL>SELECT * FROM TRANSPORT_SET_VIOLATIONS ;--检查表空间的是否是自包含

no rows selected

SQL>exit;Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp \‘system/oracle@jiagulun as sysdba\‘ tablespaces=test_tran_ts transport_tablespace =y file=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/exp_tran_file.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 18:25:37 2015

EXP-00056 : ORACLE error 1031 encounteredORA-01031 : insufficient privilegesUsername:Password:

EXP-00056 : ORACLE error 1017 encounteredORA-01017 : invalid username /password ; logon deniedUsername:Password:

EXP-00056 : ORACLE error 1017 encounteredORA-01017 : invalid username /password ; logon deniedEXP-00005 : all allowable logon attempts failedEXP-00000 : Export terminated unsuccessfully[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ exp \‘sys/oracle@jiagulun as sysdba\‘ tablespaces=test_tran_ts transport_tablespace =y file=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/exp_tran_file.dmp--必须使用sys用户而且是as sysdba才可以--在Linux中需要对‘进行转义才可以Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 18:25:49 2015

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing optionsExport done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character setNote: table data ( rows) will not be exportedAbout to export transportable tablespace metadata...For tablespace TEST_TRAN_TS .... exporting cluster definitions. exporting table definitions. exporting referential integrity constraints. exporting triggers. end transportable tablespace metadata exportExport terminated successfully without warnings.[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ lsexp_tran_file.dmp hr_stu_add.dmp hr_stu_add.log imp_by_spfile[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ mkdir -p imp_tran_file--之所以建立一个文件夹是因为模拟是从另外一台主机拷贝过来的，统一放在该目录下[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ lsexp_tran_file.dmp hr_stu_add.dmp hr_stu_add.log imp_by_spfile imp_tran_file[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ cp - avf /u01 /app /oracle /oradata /jiagulun /test_tran_tstest_tran_ts01.dbf test_tran_ts_file.dbf[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ cp - avf /u01 /app /oracle /oradata /jiagulun /test_tran_ts_file.dbf . /imp_tran_file /`/ u01/ app/ oracle/ oradata/ jiagulun/ test_tran_ts_file.dbf‘ ->`./imp_tran_file/test_tran_ts_file.dbf‘[oracle@ localhost test_imp_exp]$ cd imp_tran_file/[oracle@ localhost imp_tran_file]$ lsexp_tran_file.dmp test_tran_ts_file.dbf[oracle@ localhost imp_tran_file]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Jan 21 18: 29: 38 2015

Connected to :Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - 64 bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>drop tablespace test_tran_ts including contents;--删除刚刚创建的表空间，因为实际上是在同一个oracle中进行传输表空间的

Tablespace dropped.

SQL>exitDisconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options[oracle@ localhost imp_tran_file]$ imp \‘sys/oracle@jiagulun as sysdba\‘ tablespaces=test_tran_ts transport_tablespace =y file=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/imp_tran_file/exp_tran_file.dmp datafiles=/u01/app/oracle/test_imp_exp/imp_tran_file/test_tran_ts_file.dbf--导入表空间Import: Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 18 :32 :15 2015

Connected to : Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Export file created by EXPORT: V11.02.00 via conventional pathAbout to import transportable tablespace (s ) metadata...import done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set. importing SYS‘s objects into SYS. importing SYS‘ s objects into SYSImport terminated successfully without warnings.[oracle@ localhost imp_tran_file]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Jan 21 18: 32: 25 2015

Connected to :Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2 .0.1.0 - 64 bit ProductionWith the Partitioning , OLAP , Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL>set linesize 10000 pagesize 10000;SQL>select dt.tablespace_name ,dt.block_size ,dt.status ,dt.contents from dba_tablespaces dt;

TABLESPACE_NAME BLOCK_SIZE STATUS CONTENTS------------------------------ ---------- --------- ---------SYSTEM 8192 ONLINE PERMANENTSYSAUX 8192 ONLINE PERMANENTUNDOTBS1 8192 ONLINE UNDOTEMP 8192 ONLINE TEMPORARYUSERS 8192 ONLINE PERMANENTUNDOTBS2 8192 ONLINE UNDOEXAMPLE8192 ONLINE PERMANENTTESTTS 8192 ONLINE PERMANENTTEMP2 8192 ONLINE TEMPORARYTEMP3 8192 ONLINE TEMPORARYTEST_TRAN_TS 8192 READ ONLY PERMANENT

11 rows selected.

SQL>alter tablespace TEST_TRAN_TS read, write;alter tablespace TEST_TRAN_TS read, write *ERROR at line 1:ORA-02142 : missing or invalid ALTER TABLESPACE option

SQL>alter tablespace TEST_TRAN_TS read write;--修改表空间的状态

Tablespace altered.

SQL>insert into test_tran_tab values( 1, ‘张三‘);insert into test_tran―n_tab values( 1, ‘张三‘)*ERROR at line 1:ORA-00942 : table or view does not exist

SQL>insert into test_tran_tab values( 1, ‘zs‘);

1 row created.

SQL>select * from test_tran_tab;

ID NAME---------- --------------------1 zs

SQL>

使用数据泵的方式导入导出：

exp/imp的缺点是速度太慢，在大型生产库中尤其明显。从10g开始，oracle设计了数据泵，这是一个服务器端的工

具，它为Oracle数据提供高速并行及大数据的迁移。imp/exp可以在客户端调用，但是expdp/impdp只能在服

务端，因为在使用expdp/impdp以前需要在数据库中创建一个 Directory 。

在expdp进行导出时，先创建了MT表，并把对象的信息插入到MT表，之后进行导出动作；导出完成后，MT表也导

出到转储文件中；导出任务完成后、或者删除了导出任务后，MT表自动删除；如果导出任务异常终止，MT表仍然保留。

expdp也具有四种模式：表、用户、可传输表空间、全库。

数据泵的导出：1，部分的exp中的参数仍然可用，有的不能使用，如index。

2，directory：供转储文件和日志文件使用的目录对象。

3，job_name：指定的任务的名称。

4，content：指定要导出的数据, 其中有效关键字值为: (ALL), DATA_ONLY 和 METADATA_ONLY，当设置content为ALL 时,将导出对象定义及其所有数据；

DATA_ONLY时,只导出对象数据；为METADATA_ONLY时,只导出对象定义。

5，reuse_dumpfiles：如果导出文件已经存在，是否覆盖。

6，compression：压缩导出文件。

7，estimate：指定估算被导出表所占用磁盘空间分方法.默认值是BLOCKS

8， estimate_only：是否只估算导出占用的磁盘空间，而不进行真正的导出，默认是N。

9，exclude：用于指定执行操作时要排除对象类型或相关对象，用法：EXCLUDE=object_type[:name_clause] [,….]

10，include：用于指定执行操作时要包含的对象类型或相关对象，用法：INCLUDE=object_type[:name_clause] [,….]

11，query：导出符合条件的行。

12，attch：连接到现有的作业，可以用在中断导出任务后重新启动导出任务。----------------------------------------------------------------[oracle@localhost oracle]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Jan 21 20:50:29 2015

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> create directory test_impdp_expdp as ‘/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp‘;

Directory created.--创建目录

SQL>grant write,read on directory test_impdp_expdp to hr;

Grant succeeded.--给用户赋予权限

SQL> grant write,read on directory test_impdp_expdp to test1;

Grant succeeded.--给用户赋予权限

SQL>exit

Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Productio

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

[oracle@localhost oracle]$ cd test_impdp_expdp/

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile

--默认是多出用户的所有的对象

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 22:14:04 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01”: hr/********@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfi

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 768 KB

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/SEQUENCE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/CLUSTER/CLUSTER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/CLUSTER/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/PROCEDURE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/COMPILE_PACKAGE/PACKAGE_SPEC/ALTER_PACKAGE_SPEC

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PROCEDURE/ALTER_PROCEDURE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/VIEW/VIEW

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PACKAGE/PACKAGE_BODY

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TRIGGER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/EVENT/TRIGGER

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/JOB

. . exported “HR”.“ADDRESS”5.476 KB 2 rows

. . exported “HR”.“COUNTRIES” 6.367 KB25 rows

. . exported “HR”.“DEPARTMENTS” 7.007 KB27 rows

. . exported “HR”.“DEPT” 5.492 KB 3 rows

. . exported “HR”.“DROPPED_OBJ” 6.367 KB21 rows

. . exported “HR”.“EMPLOYEES” 16.81 KB 107 rows

. . exported “HR”.“JOBS” 6.992 KB19 rows

. . exported “HR”.“JOB_HISTORY” 7.054 KB10 rows

. . exported “HR”.“LOCATIONS” 8.273 KB23 rows

. . exported “HR”.“REGIONS”5.476 KB 4 rows

. . exported “HR”.“STUDENT”5.937 KB 3 rows

. . exported “HR”.“TEST_JOB” 24.74 KB 1684 rows

Master table “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01” successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for HR.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is:

/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_01.dmp

Job “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01” successfully completed at 22:16:07

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ ls

export.log test_exp_01.dmp

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP TABLES=Sexp_02.dmp EXCLUDE=INDEX:“=\‘INDEX_ADDRESS_NAME\‘”

LRM-00116: syntax error at ‘INDEX:‘ following ‘=‘

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP TABLES=Sexp_02.dmp EXCLUDE=INDEX:“IN\‘INDEX_ADDRESS_NAME\‘”

.--通过上面的导出你会发现需要对‘进行转义,而且是IN关键字Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 22:25:09 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01”: hr/********@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP TABLES=_exp_02.dmp EXCLUDE=INDEX:IN\‘INDEX_ADDRESS_NAME\‘

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 128 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported “HR”.“ADDRESS”5.476 KB 2 rows

. . exported “HR”.“STUDENT”5.937 KB 3 rows

Master table “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01” successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for HR.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:

/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_02.dmp

Job “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01” successfully completed at 22:25:20

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student,address encryption=dmpfiles=test_exp_encrytion_reuse_01.dmp

LRM-00101: unknown parameter name ‘dumpfiles‘

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student,address encryption=dmpfile=test_exp_encrytion_reuse_01.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 22:32:31 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39002: invalid operation

ORA-39070: Unable to open the log file.

ORA-39145: directory object parameter must be specified and non-null

--对于上面的错误是因为没有打开或者不存在encryption wallet所以需要进行下面操作：

oracle Wallet的使用（即内部加密技术TDE（Transparent Data Encryption ））

1. TDE是Oracle10gR2中推出的一个新功能，使用时要保证Oracle版本是在10gR2或者以上

--查看oracle版本：

select * from v$version;

2、创建一个新目录，并指定为Wallet目录

D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\ora10\ora_wallet

3. 设置wallet目录，在参数文件sqlnet.ora中（window+f,在你安装盘区查找sqlnet.ora），按照下面的格式加入信息：

ENCRYPTION_WALLET_LOCATION=(SOURCE=(METHOD=FILE)

(METHOD_DATA=(DIRECTORY=D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\ora10\ora_wallet)))

4. 创建master key文件，指定wallet密码，使用SYS用户登入系统，建立加密文件

SQL>alter system set encryption key identified by “wallet”;

System altered

-- 密码“wallet”不加引号时，后面使用时也不需要用引号

此时在设置的目录下，多出一个Personal Information Exchange类型的文件，相当于我们生成的master key文件，

电脑资料

D:\oracle\product\10.2.0\admin\ora10\ora_wallet\ewallet.p12

5、启动、关闭Wallet

SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION WALLET OPEN IDENTIFIED BY “wallet”;

ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION WALLET OPEN IDENTIFIED BY “wallet”

ORA-28354: wallet 已经打开

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION WALLET CLOSE; --关闭

System altered

SQL>ALTER SYSTEM SET ENCRYPTION WALLET OPEN IDENTIFIED BY “wallet”; --打开

System altered

到此，已经成功配置了Wallet，创建了master key。

--通过上面的创建并且开启encryption wallet后才可以进行如下[oracle@localhost wallet]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=test_exp_encryption_1.dmp encryption=data_only

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:57:01 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01”: hr/********@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=test_exp_encryption_1.dmp encryption=data_only

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported “HR”.“STUDENT”5.945 KB 3 rows

Master table “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01” successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for HR.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:

/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_encryption_1.dmp

Job “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01” successfully completed at 23:57:08

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student compression=data_onl reuse_dumpfiles=y dumpfile=test_exp_01.dmp--reuse_dumpfiles表示可以覆盖原文件

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 22:41:57 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01”: hr/********@jiagulun tables=student compression=data_on reuse_dumpfiles=y dumpfile=test_exp_01.dmp

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported “HR”.“STUDENT”4.914 KB 3 rows

Master table “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01” successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for HR.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:

/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_01.dmp

Job “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01” successfully completed at 22:42:02

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP

EXCLUDE=CONSTRAINT:IN\‘PK_PRIMARY\‘“ dumpfile=test_exp_jobname.dmp job_name=test_exp_jobname

--需要转义和大写Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 22:56:23 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting ”HR“.”TEST_EXP_JOBNAME“: hr/********@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPDP_EK_PRIMARY\‘ dumpfile=test_exp_jobname.dmp job_name=test_exp_jobname

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported ”HR“.”STUDENT“5.937 KB 3 rows

Master table ”HR“.”TEST_EXP_JOBNAME“ successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for HR.TEST_EXP_JOBNAME is:

/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_jobname.dmp

Job ”HR“.”TEST_EXP_JOBNAME“ successfully completed at 22:56:28

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPIN\‘PK_PRIMARY\‘” dumpfile=test_exp_jobname.dmp job_name=test_exp_jobname

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 22:57:02 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39000: bad dump file specification

ORA-31641: unable to create dump file “/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_jobname.dmp”

ORA-27038: created file already exists

Additional information: 1

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPIN\‘PK_PRIMARY\‘“ dumpfile=test_exp_jobname.dmp job_name=test_exp_jobname REUSE_DUMPFILES=Y

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:16:05 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting ”HR“.”TEST_EXP_JOBNAME“: hr/********@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPDP_EK_PRIMARY\‘ dumpfile=test_exp_jobname.dmp job_name=test_exp_jobname REUSE_DUMPFILES=Y

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported ”HR“.”STUDENT“5.937 KB 3 rows

Master table ”HR“.”TEST_EXP_JOBNAME“ successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for HR.TEST_EXP_JOBNAME is:

/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_jobname.dmp

Job ”HR“.”TEST_EXP_JOBNAME“ successfully completed at 23:16:19

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ exp hr/hr@jiagulun TABLES=STUDENT DIRECTORY=test_impdp_etion.dmp

LRM-00101: unknown parameter name ‘DIRECTORY‘

EXP-00019: failed to process parameters, type ‘EXP HELP=Y‘ for help

EXP-00000: Export terminated unsuccessfully

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMP id <2” dumpfile=test_exp_query.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:17:57 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMP id <2“ dumpfile=test_exp_query.dmp reuse_dumpfile=y

LRM-00101: unknown parameter name ‘reuse_dumpfile‘

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMP id <2” dumpfile=test_exp_query.dmp reuse_dumpfiles=y

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:18:28 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMP id <2“ dumpfile=test_exp_query_1.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:18:56 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP query=s=test_exp_query_1.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:19:11 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP query=s=test_exp_query_1.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:19:37 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP query=se=test_exp_query_1.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:21:12 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMP id \<2” dumpfile=test_exp_query_1.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:21:41 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMP dumpfile=test_exp_query_1.dmp

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:26:04 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPery_1.dmp query=STUDENT:“WHERE ID < 2”

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:28:16 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPery_1.dmp query=STUDENT:“WHERE ID \< 2”

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:28:23 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

ORA-39001: invalid argument value

ORA-39035: Data filter SUBQUERY has already been specified.

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPery_1.dmp query=STUDENT:\“WHERE ID \< 2\”

--通过上面的错误可以知道符号需要被转义和query的使用方式

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jan 21 23:28:30 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01”: hr/********@jiagulun tables=student directory=TEST_IMPDry_1.dmp query=STUDENT:“WHERE ID < 2”

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 64 KB

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS

. . exported “HR”.“STUDENT”5.906 KB 1 rows

Master table “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01” successfully loaded/unloaded

******************************************************************************

Dump file set for HR.SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01 is:

/u01/app/oracle/test_impdp_expdp/test_exp_query_1.dmp

Job “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_TABLE_01” successfully completed at 23:28:40

WRL_TYPE

--------------------

WRL_PARAMETER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

STATUS

------------------

file

/u01/app/oracle/admin/jiagulun/wallet

CLOSED

数据泵的导入：

1，content：指定要加载的数据, 其中有效关键字值为: (ALL), DATA_ONLY 和 METADATA_ONLY，当设置content为ALL 时,将加载对象定义及其所有数据；

DATA_ONLY时,只加载对象数据；为METADATA_ONLY时,只加载对象定义。

2，estimate：估算所占用磁盘空间分方法.默认值是BLOCKS

3，remap_schema：用于将对象从一个用户下导入到另一个用户下。

4，remap_tablespace：用于将对象从一个表空间下导入到另一个表空间下。

5，remap_datafile：用于在不同文件系统的平台间，切换数据文件路径。

remap_achema:导入

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp hr/hr@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_01.dmp schemas= hr

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 22 00:59:42 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting “HR”.“SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01”: hr/********@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_01.dmp schemas=

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ impdp test1/test1@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_01.dmpREMAP_SCHEMA=HR:TEST1

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 22 01:10:11 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Master table “TEST1”.“SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01” successfully loaded/unloaded

Starting “TEST1”.“SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01”: test1/********@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_01.dmp REMAP_SCHEMA=HR:TEST1

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

remap_tablespace导入

通过remap_tablespace来变换表所属表空间：SQL>select segment_name,segment_type,tablespace_name from user_extents ;SEGMENT_NAME SEGMENT_TYPE TABLESPACE_NAME-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------------------REGIONS TABLE EXAMPLELOCATIONS TABLE EXAMPLEDEPARTMENTS TABLE EXAMPLEJOBS TABLE EXAMPLEEMPLOYEES TABLE EXAMPLEJOB_HISTORYTABLE EXAMPLEDEPT TABLE USERSDROPPED_OBJ TABLE USERSTEST_JOBTABLE USERSSTUDENT TABLE TEST_TRAN_TSADDRESS TABLE TEST_TRAN_TS

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp \‘sys/oracle@jiagulun as sysdba\‘ directory=test_impdp_expdp dumpfile=exp_04.dmp tablespaces=users--导出表空间

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 22 01:20:04 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Starting “SYS”.“SYS_EXPORT_TABLESPACE_01”: “sys/********@jiagulun AS SYSDBA” directory=test_impdp_expdp dumpfile=exp_02.dmp tablespaces=users

Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...

SQL>drop table student purge;

Table dropped.--之所以要先删除再导入表是因为在一个数据库中一个用户中的对象是唯一的，所以先删除再导入

SQL>drop table address purge;

Table dropped.

SQL>commit;

Commit complete.

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ impdp \‘sys/oracle@jiagulun as sysdba\‘ directory=test_impdp_expdp dumpfile=exp_04.dmp REMAP_TABLESPACE=test_tran_ts：users--导入表空间到test_tran_ts

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 22 01:28:45 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Master table “SYS”.“SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01” successfully loaded/unloaded

Starting “SYS”.“SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01”: “sys/********@jiagulun AS SYSDBA” directory=test_impdp_expdp dumpfile=exp_02.dmp REMAP_TABLESPACE=users:test_tran_ts

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

. . imported “HR”.“ADDRESS”5.476 KB 2 rows

. . imported “HR”.“STUDENT”5.937 KB 3 rows

Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX

SQL>select segment_name,segment_type,tablespace_name from user_extents ;SEGMENT_NAME SEGMENT_TYPE TABLESPACE_NAME-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------------------REGIONS TABLE EXAMPLELOCATIONS TABLE EXAMPLEDEPARTMENTS TABLE EXAMPLEJOBS TABLE EXAMPLEEMPLOYEES TABLE EXAMPLEJOB_HISTORYTABLE EXAMPLESTUDENT TABLE USERSADDRESS TABLE USERS

为了把用户按表空间归类，需要把用户所有的当前数据转移到另一个表空间里，那么可以使用impdp的remap_tablespace参数。下面就这一内容进行实验。

SQL>select segment_name,segment_type,tablespace_name from user_extents where rownum < 10;SEGMENT_NAME SEGMENT_TYPE TABLESPACE_NAME-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------------------REGIONS TABLE EXAMPLELOCATIONS TABLE EXAMPLEDEPARTMENTS TABLE EXAMPLEJOBS TABLE EXAMPLEEMPLOYEES TABLE EXAMPLEJOB_HISTORYTABLE EXAMPLESTUDENT TABLE USERSADDRESS TABLE USERSDEPT TABLE USERS9 rows selected

SQL>

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ expdp system/oracle@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_03.dmp schemas=hr

Export: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 22 02:22:28 2015

--导出hr用户对象信息，使用system导出的更加的全

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ impdp system/oracle@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_03.dmp remap_tablespace=users:test_tran_ts--导入hr用户中是users表空间的数据到test_tran_ts表空间中

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 22 05:33:10 2015

SQL>select du.username,du.default_tablespace,du.temporary_tablespace from dba_users du where du.username=‘HR‘;USERNAME DEFAULT_TABLESPACE TEMPORARY_TABLESPACE------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------HR USERS TEMP2注意：经过导入后，用户test_user的缺省表空间被改成了remap_tablespace的目的表空间，但是这里没有变化也是因为已经存在了。把表和用户删除了，就会发现他们的表空间变额

SQL>drop table student;

Table dropped.

SQL>drop table address;

Table dropped.

SQL>commit;

Commit complete.

SQL>purge recyclebin

2 ;

[oracle@localhost test_impdp_expdp]$ impdp system/oracle@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_03.dmp remap_tablespace=users:test_tran_ts

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jan 22 05:48:49 2015

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

Master table “SYSTEM”.“SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01” successfully loaded/unloaded

Starting “SYSTEM”.“SYS_IMPORT_FULL_01”: system/********@jiagulun directory=TEST_IMPDP_EXPDP dumpfile=exp_03.dmp remap_tablespace=users:test_tran_ts

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER

ORA-31684: Object type USER:“HR” already exists--由于存在所以直接跳过

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/SEQUENCE

ORA-31684: Object type SEQUENCE:“HR”.“EMPLOYEES_SEQ” already exists

ORA-31684: Object type SEQUENCE:“HR”.“DEPARTMENTS_SEQ” already exists

ORA-31684: Object type SEQUENCE:“HR”.“LOCATIONS_SEQ” already exists

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/CLUSTER/CLUSTER

ORA-31684: Object type CLUSTER:“HR”.“CLUSTER1” already exists

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/CLUSTER/INDEX

ORA-39111: Dependent object type INDEX:“HR”.“CLUSTER_INDEX” skipped, base object type CLUSTER:“HR”.“CLUSTER1” already exists

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE

ORA-39151: Table “HR”.“COUNTRIES” exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table “HR”.“REGIONS” exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table “HR”.“LOCATIONS” exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table “HR”.“DEPARTMENTS” exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table “HR”.“JOBS” exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table “HR”.“EMPLOYEES” exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table “HR”.“JOB_HISTORY” exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table “HR”.“DEPT” exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table “HR”.“DROPPED_OBJ” exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

ORA-39151: Table “HR”.“TEST_JOB” exists. All dependent metadata and data will be skipped due to table_exists_action of skip

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA

. . imported “HR”.“ADDRESS”5.476 KB 2 rows

. . imported “HR”.“STUDENT”5.937 KB 3 rows

Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT

.. . . . . . . . ..

SQL>select segment_name,segment_type,tablespace_name from user_extents ;SEGMENT_NAME SEGMENT_TYPE TABLESPACE_NAME-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------ ------------------------------STUDENT TABLE TEST_TRAN_TSADDRESS TABLE TEST_TRAN_TSCLUSTER1 CLUSTER USERS--你会发现他们的表空间变化了。

注意：一个用户对象是唯一的，即使在不同的表空间中也是一样的

SQL>create table test1(id number);--默认是使用sys

Table created.

SQL>create table test1(id number) tablespace test_tran_ts;--使用test_tran_ts

create table test1(id number) tablespace test_tran_ts

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-00955: name is already used by an existing object

SQL>

篇5：一键ghost恢复备份

现在大家电脑安装的一般是系统，并且大多没有软驱，由于无法进入纯，而且以前版本的无法在NTFS下运行，再加上GHOST操作比较复杂，给菜鸟们系统备份/恢复带来很大不便，

软件名称：一键GHOST

软件版本：8.2 Build 050706

运行环境：Windows 98/ME//XP

软件大小：5194 KB

授权方式：免费软件

不过“一键GHOST”的出现解决了菜鸟们的难题。只需要按方向键和回车键，就可以轻松地一键备份/恢复系统（即使是NTFS系统）。它是一款基于GHOST程序下开发的一款中文免费备份软件，有了它的时间将缩短！

● 一键自动备份/恢复系统

下载该程序并在Windows 下安装，程序安装完成后会自动生成双重启动菜单，重启后按提示选择“1KEY GHOST 8.2 Build 050706”即可进入DOS，

接着在出现主菜单选择“一键备份C盘”。如果是恢复系统则选择“一键恢复C盘”。“一键恢复C盘”操作是建立在已经备份过C盘的基础上的。

小提示：由于是一键自动备份/还原，很容易被其他用户误操作，我们可以在BIOS中设置登录密码。

顶多五步！就能让你见到蓝天白云

在弹出窗口中的“确定”项按下回车，程序自动启动将系统C盘备份到“D:\\c_pan.gho”

小提示：备份前要保证D盘有足够空间并不要更改GHO文件名，否则无法完成一键自动备份/恢复。

● 一键手动备份

程序一键备份默认保存在第二分区，我们还可以手工指定备份路径和文件名。在图

篇6：教你如何来恢复一个丢失的数据文件备份恢复

昨天Kamus问到一个问题，如果拥有一个冷备份，但是缺失了其中的一个数据文件，但是存在所有的归档，应该如何恢复数据文件，

动手试一下，大概就是如下步骤:

代码:

[oracle@jumper eygle]$ sqlplus “/ as sysdba”

SQL*Plus: Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sun Aug 20 01:22:50

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL>startup mount

ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 252777592 bytes

Fixed Size 451704 bytes

Variable Size 134217728 bytes

Database Buffers 117440512 bytes

Redo Buffers 667648 bytes

Database mounted.

SQL>alter database open;

alter database open

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 3 - see DBWR trace file

ORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle02.dbf'

SQL>alter database create datafile 3 as '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle02.dbf';

Database altered.

SQL>select name from v$datafile;

NAME

/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/system01.dbf

/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/undotbs01.dbf

/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle02.dbf

/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle01.dbf

SQL>alter database open;

alter database open

ERROR at line 1:

ORA-01113: file 3 needs media recovery

ORA-01110: data file 3: '/opt/oracle/oradata/eygle/eygle02.dbf'

SQL>recover datafile 3;

Media recovery complete.

SQL>alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL>

关键字：MYSQL

篇7：RMAN备份与恢复之UNDO表空间丢失

在上一篇文章（RMAN备份与恢复之可脱机数据文件丢失）中，我们讲到可脱机数据文件丢失怎么处理，这篇文章我们讲解UNDO表空间丢失的解决办法，

UNDO表空间用于存放UNDO数据，当执行DML操作（INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE）的时候，ORACLE会将这些操作的旧数据写入到UNDO段。UNDO数据也称为回滚数据，用于确保数据的一致性。作用包括：回退事、读一致性、事务恢复、闪回查询。9i开始，管理UNDO数据可以使用UNDO表空间，也可以使用回滚段。10g开始，ORACLE已经放弃使用回滚段。提到UNDO表空间，不得不提UNDO段。UNDO Segment分为两个部分，一个是UNDO Segment Head，还有一个是UNDO Segment Block（也称为事务槽)。UNDO Segment Head中包含了这个回滚段的事务信息，而且有一个指针指向Undo Segment Block。UNDO表空间是非常重要的，如果丢失，会出现无法对数据进行更新。平时的数据库管理中应该注意UNDO表空间的空间是否足够，采用自动扩展还是限制大小，undo_retention值的设定等等。

篇8：RMAN备份与恢复之UNDO表空间丢失

备份与恢复UNDO表空间，首先要有备份。使用RMAN备份完成后，我们模拟UNDO表空间丢失。此时做更新操作仍然成功，因为shared pool和buffer cache存放了更新的信息。如果我们刷新shared pool和buffer cache，再做连接用户或者更新操作，会提示数据文件找不到。因为UNDO表空间丢失，并且UNDO表空间不可脱机，所以我们不能在数据库运行状态下对UNDO表空间进行恢复。这就要求我们关闭数据库进行恢复操作。如果在真实环境中进行操作，务必在业务低峰期或者测试库进行操作。我们使用一致性关闭数据库会失败，只有强制关闭。此时参数文件、控制文件正常，只是数据文件不正常，所以我们能把数据库启动到MOUNT状态。启动到MOUNT状态后，我们需要使UNDO表空间数据文件离线，注意此时的数据文件编号。然后登录到RMAN中，还原UNDO表空间数据文件，实际上做了一个拷贝的操作，从备份文件中拷贝UNDO表空间数据文件到数据目录，待拷贝完成后，我们需要对UNDO表空间数据文件进行恢复。恢复完成后，再使UNDO表空间数据文件在线，此时的数据库是MOUNT状态，我们需要打开数据库。如果所有的操作都成功，就可以对数据进行更新。

篇9：RMAN备份与恢复之UNDO表空间丢失

Step 1，RMAN中备份全库

RMAN>BACKUP DATABASE;Starting backup at 12-DEC-13using channel ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup setchannel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup setinput datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/justdb/system01.dbfinput datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/justdb/sysaux01.dbfinput datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/justdb/undotbs01.dbfinput datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/oracle/oradata/justdb/users01.dbfchannel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-DEC-13channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-DEC-13piece handle=/u01/oracle/fast_recovery_area/JUSTDB/backupset/2013_12_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20131212T095816_9bl61rrn_.bkp tag=TAG20131212T095816 comment=NONEchannel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup setchannel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup setincluding current control file in backup setincluding current SPFILE in backup setchannel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 12-DEC-13channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 12-DEC-13piece handle=/u01/oracle/fast_recovery_area/JUSTDB/backupset/2013_12_12/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20131212T095816_9bl62lw2_.bkp tag=TAG20131212T095816 comment=NONEchannel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01Finished backup at 12-DEC-13

Step 2，模拟UNDO表空间丢失

SQL>CONN / AS SYSDBAConnected.SQL>HO mv /u01/oracle/oradata/justdb/undotbs01.dbf /opt/learn/

Step 3，SQL Plus中连接到sys用户，刷新shared pool和buffer cache

SQL>CONN / AS SYSDBAConnected.SQL>CONN / AS SYSDBAConnected.SQL>ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH shared_pool;System altered.SQL>ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH buffer_cache;System altered.

Step 4，SQL Plus连接到scoot用户，发现报ORA-01110错误，数据文件不能找到

SQL>CONN SCOTT/tiger;ERROR:ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 1ORA-01116: error in opening database file 3ORA-01110: data file 3: '/u01/oracle/oradata/justdb/undotbs01.dbf'ORA-27041: unable to open fileLinux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directoryAdditional information: 3Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE.

Step 5，SQL Plus一致性关闭数据库，失败，只有强制关闭数据库

SQL>CONN / AS SYSDBACONN / AS SYSDBAConnected.SQL>SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;ORA-01116: error in opening database file 3ORA-01110: data file 3: '/u01/oracle/oradata/justdb/undotbs01.dbf'ORA-27041: unable to open fileLinux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directoryAdditional information: 3SQL>SHUTDOWN ABORT;ORACLE instance shut down.

Step 6，再次登录到SQL Plus，启动数据库到MOUNT状态

[oracle@orcl ~]$ sqlplus [uniread] Loaded history (157 lines)SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Dec 12 10:37:52 2013Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to an idle instance.SQL>STARTUP MOUNT;ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 1269366784 bytesFixed Size 2227984 bytesVariable Size 754974960 bytesDatabase Buffers 503316480 bytesRedo Buffers 8847360 bytesDatabase mounted.

Step 7，SQL Plus中使3号文件（UNDO表空间）离线

SQL>ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 3 OFFLINE;Database altered.

Step 8，使用sys用户登录到RMAN

[oracle@orcl ~]$ uniread rman target /[uniread] Loaded history (96 lines)Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Thu Dec 12 10:38:26 2013Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.connected to target database: JUSTDB (DBID=57321598, not open)RMAN>

Step 9，RMAN中还原3号文件

RMAN>RESTORE DATAFILE 3;Starting restore at 12-DEC-13using target database control file instead of recovery catalogallocated channel: ORA_DISK_1channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISKchannel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restorechannel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup setchannel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/oracle/oradata/justdb/undotbs01.dbfchannel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/oracle/fast_recovery_area/JUSTDB/backupset/2013_12_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20131212T095816_9bl61rrn_.bkpchannel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/oracle/fast_recovery_area/JUSTDB/backupset/2013_12_12/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20131212T095816_9bl61rrn_.bkp tag=TAG20131212T095816channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01Finished restore at 12-DEC-13

Step 10，RMAN中恢复3号文件

RMAN>RECOVER DATAFILE 3;RECOVER DATAFILE 3;Starting recover at 12-DEC-13using channel ORA_DISK_1starting media recoverymedia recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00Finished recover at 12-DEC-13

Step 11，SQL Plus中使3号数据文件在线

SQL>ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 3 ONLINE;Database altered.

Step 12，SQL Plus中打开数据库

SQL>ALTER DATABASE OPEN;Database altered.

Step 13，SQL Plus查看数据，插入数据，成功

SQL>SELECT * FROM scott.dept; DEPTNO DNAME LOC---------- -------------- ------------- 10 ACCOUNTING NEW YORK 20 RESEARCH DALLAS 30 SALES CHICAGO 40 OPERATIONS BOSTONSQL>INSERT INTO dept VALUES(89,'GZ','DBA');1 row created.SQL>COMMIT;Commit complete.

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